المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الأدب
Book of Manners
بَابُ الغيبة
Backbiting
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قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ : حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ ، عَنِ الْمُثَنَّى بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ ، عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلٌ ، فَقِيلَ : مَا أَعْجَزَهُ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " اغْتَبْتُمْ أَخَاكُمْ " ، قَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، قُلْنَا مَا فِيهِ ، قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنْ قُلْتُمْ مَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ ، فَقَدْ بَهَتُّمُوهُ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man was mentioned in the blessed gathering of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and (on account of his laziness or weakness) it was said: "How helpless and feeble he is!" At this the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said (in admonition): "You have backbitten your brother." The Companions said: "O Messenger of Allah! We have only said what is (actually) in him." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Had you said something that was not in him, you would have slandered him (and since you have mentioned his real fault behind his back, this is backbiting)."
Takhrij and grading: In the chain of this hadith, the narrator al-Muthanna bin al-Sabbah is da'if (weak); however, this explanation of backbiting and slander is also established by an authentic hadith in Sahih Muslim [al-Birr wa al-Silah: 2589].
Takhrij and grading: In the chain of this hadith, the narrator al-Muthanna bin al-Sabbah is da'if (weak); however, this explanation of backbiting and slander is also established by an authentic hadith in Sahih Muslim [al-Birr wa al-Silah: 2589].
وَقَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ : حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ هَضَّاضٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : جَاءَ مَاعِزُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي رَجْمِهِ ، قَالَ : فَأَتَى عَلَيْهِ رَجُلَانِ ، فَقَالَا : يَا خَيَّبَ هَذَا ، سَتَرَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ ، فَلَمْ يَسْتُرْ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ ، فَأُهِيجَ كَمَا أُهِيجَ الْكَلْبُ ، فَأَتَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى جِيفَةٍ ، فَقَالَ : " انْهَسَا مِنْ هَذِهِ الْجِيفَةِ " فَقَالَا : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، هَذِهِ الْجِيفَةُ ، لَا نَسْتَطِيعُهَا ، فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَا أَصَبْتُمَا مِنْ أَخِيكُمَا أَنْتَنُ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْجِيفَةِ " .
تَابَعَهُ زَيْدُ بْنُ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، أَخْرَجَهُ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ مِنْ طَرِيقِهِ .
تَابَعَهُ زَيْدُ بْنُ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، أَخْرَجَهُ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ مِنْ طَرِيقِهِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that Ma'iz bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) came (to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)); then the narrator mentioned the detailed account of his stoning. He said: (After he was stoned) two men passed by there, and the two of them said: "Woe to this man for his loss and disgrace! Allah Almighty had covered his affair, but he did not keep himself covered, until he was stoned like a dog." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by a carcass (the corpse of an animal), and he said to the two of them: "Both of you, tear off and eat from this carcass." They said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! This is a carcass; we cannot possibly bring ourselves to eat it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The honour of your brother that you two have just violated (through backbiting) is far more foul-smelling than eating this carcass."
Zayd bin Abi Unaysah also corroborated this report from Abu al-Zubayr, and Imam Ibn Hibban recorded it through his route.
Zayd bin Abi Unaysah also corroborated this report from Abu al-Zubayr, and Imam Ibn Hibban recorded it through his route.
وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو خَالِدٍ وَلَيْسَ بِالْأَحْمَرِ ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَحْوَصِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَوَقَعَ فِيهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " تَخَلَّلْ " ، فَقَالَ : مِمَّ أَتَخَلَّلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ؟ مَا أَكَلْتُ لَحْمًا فَأَتَخَلَّلَ ؟ فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " بَلَى ، مِنْ لَحْمِ أَخِيكَ أَكَلْتَ آنِفًا " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: We were sitting in the blessed presence of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when a man got up from the gathering and left. After he had gone, another man spoke ill of him and found fault with him, whereupon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to that man: "'Takhallal' (pick your teeth)." He said in surprise: O Messenger of Allah! For what should I pick my teeth? I have not eaten any meat, that I should have to pick my teeth to remove its fibres! He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed you have; rather, you have just now eaten the flesh of your brother (that is, by backbiting you have committed the sin which Allah Almighty depicted thus: 'Would one of you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? You would hate it.' [Surah al-Hujurat: 12])."
[Takhrij: Imam Abu Ya'la recorded it in his Musnad; its chain is hasan (good) and all its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).]
[Takhrij: Imam Abu Ya'la recorded it in his Musnad; its chain is hasan (good) and all its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).]
وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ : حَدَّثَنَا قُرَّانُ بْنُ تَمَّامٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ وَرْدَانَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا أَعْجَزَ فُلَانًا ، فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَكَلْتُمْ لَحْمَ أَخِيكُمْ وَاغْتَبْتُمُوهُ " .
2670 \ 2 - وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ ، حَدَّثَنَا قُرَّانُ بِهِ .
2670 \ 2 - وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ ، حَدَّثَنَا قُرَّانُ بِهِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: We were present in the blessed company of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when one of those present said: "O Messenger of Allah! How very helpless and feeble so-and-so is!" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said (in admonition): "You have eaten the flesh of your brother and you have backbitten him."
Imam Abu Ya'la also recorded this same report in his Musnad through Amr al-Naqid from Qurran bin Tammam.
Imam Abu Ya'la also recorded this same report in his Musnad through Amr al-Naqid from Qurran bin Tammam.
وَقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ، أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : كَانَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ : " الْغِيبَةُ أَنْ تَذْكُرَ مِنْ أَخِيكَ أَسْوَأَ مَا تَعْلَمُ فِيهِ ، فَإِذَا ذَكَرْتَ مَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ ، فَذَلِكَ الْبُهْتَانُ " .
( 105 ) حَدِيثُ الْبَرَاءِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ تَقَدَّمَ فِي النَّهْيِ عَنْ تَتَبُّعِ الْعَوْرَاتِ " .
( 105 ) حَدِيثُ الْبَرَاءِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ تَقَدَّمَ فِي النَّهْيِ عَنْ تَتَبُّعِ الْعَوْرَاتِ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that he used to say: "Backbiting (speaking ill of someone behind his back) is that you mention the worst things or faults of your brother in faith which you know to be in him. If you mention something about him that is not in him at all, then that is slander (fabricating false accusations)."
(105) The hadith narrated from Sayyiduna al-Bara' bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him) has already been mentioned in the chapter on the prohibition of prying into people's hidden faults and exposing them.
(105) The hadith narrated from Sayyiduna al-Bara' bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him) has already been mentioned in the chapter on the prohibition of prying into people's hidden faults and exposing them.
