المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الأدب
Book of Manners
بَابُ السلام عَلَى الكفار بإكرام الأكابر منهم
Greeting disbelievers with salam to honour their nobles
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قَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا شَرِيكٌ ، عَنْ عَمَّارٍ الدُّهْنِيِّ ، عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ قَالَ : إِنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَتَبَ إِلَى ذِمِّيٍّ ، فَبَدَأَهُ بِالسَّلَامِ ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : أَتَبْدَأُ بِالسَّلَامِ ؟ فَقَالَ : " إِنَّ اللهَ هُوَ السَّلَامُ " .
It is narrated from Kurayb (may Allah have mercy on him), the mawla of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), that Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) wrote a letter to a dhimmi (a non-Muslim citizen of the Islamic state) and began it with the greeting of peace (salam). I said to him (expressing surprise): Do you begin with the salam (for a non-Muslim)? He replied: "Indeed, Allah Almighty is al-Salam (the Source of peace and the Giver of peace)."
Imam Musaddad recorded this athar (report) in his Musnad; its chain contains Sharik bin Abdullah al-Qadi, who is saduq (truthful), but because of a defect in his memory this chain is of hasan (good) grade.
Imam Musaddad recorded this athar (report) in his Musnad; its chain contains Sharik bin Abdullah al-Qadi, who is saduq (truthful), but because of a defect in his memory this chain is of hasan (good) grade.
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَتَبَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ عَلَى غَيْرِ دِينِ الْإِسْلَامِ : " سِلْمٌ أَنْتُمْ " ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالسَّلَامِ ، فَكَتَبَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي آخِرِ الْكِتَابِ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِ .
2652 \ 2 - وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَبَا بُرْدَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، يَقُولُ : " إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ كَتَبَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالسَّلَامِ ، فَكَتَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ " .
2652 \ 2 - وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَبَا بُرْدَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، يَقُولُ : " إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ كَتَبَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالسَّلَامِ ، فَكَتَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ " .
It is narrated from Abu Burdah (may Allah have mercy on him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote a letter to a man who was not upon the religion of Islam, and in it he wrote: "Silmun antum" (May you be safe). That man wrote a salam to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in his reply, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also wrote a prayer of peace for him at the end of the letter.
It is also narrated from Abu Burdah (may Allah have mercy on him) that a man from the polytheists wrote a salam to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) also wrote him a reply to his salam.
It is also narrated from Abu Burdah (may Allah have mercy on him) that a man from the polytheists wrote a salam to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) also wrote him a reply to his salam.
وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَاصِمٌ الْأَحْوَلُ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيِّ قَالَ : إِنَّ أَبَا مُوسَى رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَتَبَ إِلَى دِهْقَانٍ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فِي كِتَابِهِ ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ : تُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِ ، وَهُوَ كَافِرٌ ؟ قَالَ : إِنَّهُ كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيَّ ، فَرَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) that he wrote a letter to a dihqan (a non-Muslim Persian landowner) and wrote a salam to him in his letter. He was asked (by way of objection): "Are you writing a salam to him even though he is a disbeliever?" He replied: "He wrote a letter to me in which he greeted me with salam, so I have (in reply) returned his greeting."
[Ibn Abi Shaybah recorded it in al-Musannaf: 26343, and its chain is sahih.]
[Ibn Abi Shaybah recorded it in al-Musannaf: 26343, and its chain is sahih.]
وَحَدَّثَنَا شَرِيكٌ ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ : " إِذَا كَانَتْ لَكَ إِلَيْهِ حَاجَةٌ فَابْدَأْهُ بِالسَّلَامِ " ، وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ : " إِذَا كَتَبْتَ ، فَاكْتُبْ بِالسَّلَامِ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى " .
It is narrated from Imam Ibrahim al-Nakha'i (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: "When you have some business or need with a person, begin with the salam (before starting what you have to say)." And Imam Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "When you write (a letter or message), write in it: 'As-salamu 'ala man ittaba'a al-huda' (Peace be upon whoever follows the guidance)."
Imam Ibn Abi Shaybah recorded this athar (report) in his al-Musannaf; it explains the etiquette of speaking for one who has a request and the Shari'ah manner of letter writing, namely that the salam before speech is a good Sunnah.
Imam Ibn Abi Shaybah recorded this athar (report) in his al-Musannaf; it explains the etiquette of speaking for one who has a request and the Shari'ah manner of letter writing, namely that the salam before speech is a good Sunnah.
وَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ : حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ ، حَدَّثَنَا حَسَّانُ بْنُ أَبِي يَحْيَى الْكِنْدِيُّ ، عَنْ شَيْخٍ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ ، قَالَ : كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَأَتَاهُ أُسْقُفُّ نَجْرَانَ ، فَأَوْسَعَ لَهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ : أَتُوسِعُ لِهَذَا النَّصْرَانِيِّ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؟ فَقَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : " إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا إِذَا أَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوْسَعَ لَهُمْ " .
It is narrated from an elder of the tribe of Kindah that he said: We were sitting in the gathering of Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) when the bishop of Najran came to him, and he (may Allah be pleased with him) made room for him to sit. At this a man said to him: O Commander of the Believers! Are you making room for this Christian? Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Indeed, when these people used to come into the noble presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) too would make room for them."
Imam Ibn Abi Umar recorded this hadith; its chain contains an unnamed (unknown) narrator.
Imam Ibn Abi Umar recorded this hadith; its chain contains an unnamed (unknown) narrator.
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ أَبِي إِسْرَائِيلَ ، حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدٌ هُوَ الرُّؤَاسِيُّ ، عَنْ حَسَنِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ ، عَنْ سِمَاكٍ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : " مَنْ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللهِ فَارْدُدْ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ مَجُوسِيًّا ، فَإِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ : وَإِذَا حُيِّيتُمْ بِتَحِيَّةٍ فَحَيُّوا بِأَحْسَنَ مِنْهَا لِأَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ ، أَوْ رُدُّوهَا عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: "Whoever of Allah's creation greets you with salam, return his greeting, even if he is a Magian (fire-worshipper), for Allah Almighty says: 'And when you are greeted with a greeting, greet in return with what is better than it, or return it' [Surah al-Nisa: 86], (the meaning of which is that) for the people of Islam you should reply with better words than those, or for the polytheist return the same words."
Imam Abu Ya'la recorded it, and all its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Imam Abu Ya'la recorded it, and all its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
