المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الخلافة والإمارة
Book of the Caliphate and Leadership
بَابُ قصاص الأمير مِنْ عامله لرعيته
The commander taking retaliation from his governor on behalf of his subjects
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قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرٌ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، قَالَ : كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَأْمُرُ عُمَّالَهُ فَيُوَافُونَهُ الْمَوْسِمَ ، فَيَقُولُ : يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي لَمْ أَسْتَعْمِلْ عُمَّالَكُمْ - أَوْ قَالَ : عُمَّالِي - لِيُصِيبُوا مِنْ أَبْشَارِكُمْ وَلَا مِنْ أَمْوَالِكُمْ وَلَا مِنْ أَعْرَاضِكُمْ ، وَلَكِنِّي إِنَّمَا اسْتَعْمَلْتُهُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ لِيَحْجِزُوا بَيْنَكُمْ ، وَلِيَقْسِمُوا فِيكُمْ ، فَمَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ مَظْلِمَةٌ عِنْدَ أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ فَلْيَقُمْ ، فَمَا قَامَ مِنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ غَيْرُ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ ، فَقَالَ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، عَامِلُكَ ضَرَبَنِي مِائَةَ سَوْطٍ . قَالَ : قُمْ فَاسْتَقِدْ مِنْهُ . فَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَفْتَحْ هَذَا عَلَى عُمَّالِكَ يَكُونُ سُنَّةً يُسْتَنُّ بِهَا بَعْدَكَ . فَقَالَ : أَنَا لَا أُقِيدُ مِنْهُ ، وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُقِيدُ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ ؟ قَالَ عَمْرٌو : دَعْنَا فَلْنُرْضِهِ ، قَالَ : فَأَرْضُوهُ ، فَافْتَدَوْا مِنْهُ بِمِائَتَيْ دِينَارٍ ، كُلُّ سَوْطٍ بِدِينَارَيْنِ .
2118 \ 2 - أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرٌ ، عَنْ لَيْثٍ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ عُمَرَ ، نَحْوَهُ .
قُلْتُ : أَخْرَجَ أَحْمَدُ مَعْنَاهُ فِي حَدِيثٍ وَلَيْسَ فِيهِ مَا فِي آخِرِهِ .
2118 \ 2 - أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرٌ ، عَنْ لَيْثٍ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ عُمَرَ ، نَحْوَهُ .
قُلْتُ : أَخْرَجَ أَحْمَدُ مَعْنَاهُ فِي حَدِيثٍ وَلَيْسَ فِيهِ مَا فِي آخِرِهِ .
It is narrated from Ata (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) would order his 'ummal (governors), and they would come to him in the Hajj season. Then he would say (addressing the people): "O people! I did not appoint your governors (or he said: my governors) to strike your bodies, nor to seize your wealth, nor to assail your honour; rather, I have appointed them over you so that they may protect (rights) among you and make (fair) distribution (of wealth) among you. So whoever has a complaint (mazlimah) against any one of them, let him stand up." That day no one stood up except one man, who said: "O Commander of the Believers! Your such-and-such governor gave me a hundred lashes." He said: "Get up and take retaliation (qisas) from him." At this Sayyiduna Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Commander of the Believers! If you open this door against your governors, it will become a practice that will be followed after you." He said: "Shall I not take retaliation from him, when I have seen the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) giving retaliation against himself?" Sayyiduna Amr said: "Give us the chance to make him content." He said: "Very well, make him content." So they made him content by paying two hundred dinars (gold coins); thus two dinars were paid for each lash.
Jarir narrated something like it from Layth, he from Ata, and he from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).
I (Ibn Hajar) say: Imam Ahmad narrated a hadith of similar meaning, but it does not contain the detail mentioned at the end of this narration (about the payment of compensation).
Jarir narrated something like it from Layth, he from Ata, and he from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).
I (Ibn Hajar) say: Imam Ahmad narrated a hadith of similar meaning, but it does not contain the detail mentioned at the end of this narration (about the payment of compensation).
وَقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ ، ثَنَا سَعِيدٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي فِرَاسٍ ، قَالَ : خَطَبَنَا عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ : يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، إِنَّا كُنَّا نَعْرِفُكُمْ إِذْ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ ، وَفِيهِ : وَإِنِّي لَا أُرْسِلُ عُمَّالِي لِيَضْرِبُوا أَبْشَارَكُمْ . فَذَكَرَهُ ، فَوَثَبَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، أَرَأَيْتَكَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانَ عَلَى رَعِيَّةٍ فَأَدَّبَ بَعْضَ رَعِيَّتِهِ إِنَّكَ لَتَقُصُّهُ مِنْهُ ؟ قَالَ : إِي وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ عُمَرَ بِيَدِهِ ، وَكَيْفَ لَا أَقُصُّ مِنْهُ ، وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُقِصُّ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ ؟ أَلَا لَا تَضْرِبُوا الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَتُذِلُّوهُمْ ، وَلَا تَمْنَعُوهُمْ حُقُوقَهُمْ فَتُكَفِّرُونَهُمْ ، وَلَا تُجَمِّرُوهُمْ فَتَفْتِنُوهُمْ وَلَا تُنْزِلُوهُمُ الْغِيَاضَ فَتُضَيِّعُوهُمْ .
2119 \ 2 - قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ ، ثَنَا مَهْدِيُّ بْنُ مَيْمُونٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ ، بِطُولِهِ .
2119 \ 2 - قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ ، ثَنَا مَهْدِيُّ بْنُ مَيْمُونٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ ، بِطُولِهِ .
It is narrated from Abu Firas (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) addressed us in a sermon and said: "O people! When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was among us, we used to know your conditions" (then the narrator mentioned the complete hadith, in which were also these words:) "And I do not send my 'ummal (governors) to strike your skins (that is, to punish you physically)." (On hearing this) Sayyiduna Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) immediately stood up and said: "O Commander of the Believers! What do you think: if a man from among the Muslims is appointed ruler over some subjects and he disciplines one of his subjects, will you have retaliation (qisas) taken from that ruler?" He said: "Yes! By the One in whose Hand is Umar's soul! Why should I not take retaliation from him, when I myself have seen the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) giving retaliation against himself? Beware! Do not beat the Muslims, or you will humiliate them; do not usurp their rights, or you will drive them to disbelief (or ingratitude); do not keep them confined at the battlefront (far from their homes) for long, or you will put them to trial; and do not station them in perilous places, or you will bring them to ruin."
Imam Abu Ya'la (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Asma' narrated to us, from Mahdi bin Maymun, from Sa'id al-Jurayri, this detailed narration.
Imam Abu Ya'la (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Asma' narrated to us, from Mahdi bin Maymun, from Sa'id al-Jurayri, this detailed narration.
