المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الحدود
Book of Prescribed Punishments
بَابُ مبتدأ تَحْرِيمِ الخمر
The beginning of the prohibition of wine
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قَالَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي تَوْبَةَ الْمِصْرِيِّ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا ، يَقُولُ : نَزَلَتْ فِي الْخَمْرِ ثَلَاثُ آيَاتٍ : فَأَوَّلُ شَيْءٍ نَزَلَ : يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ ... الْآيَةَ ، فَقِيلَ : حُرِّمَتِ الْخَمْرُ ؟ فَقَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، دَعْنَا نَنْتَفِعْ بِهَا كَمَا قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ! فَسَكَتَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْهُمْ .
ثُمَّ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ : لا تَقْرَبُوا الصَّلاةَ وَأَنْتُمْ سُكَارَى ... الْآيَةَ . فَقِيلَ : حُرِّمَتِ الْخَمْرُ ؟ فَقَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، إِنَّا لَا نَشْرَبُهَا قُرْبَ الصَّلَاةِ ، فَسَكَتَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْهُمْ .
ثُمَّ نَزَلَتْ : يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالأَنْصَابُ وَالأَزْلامُ رِجْسٌ مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : حُرِّمَتِ الْخَمْرُ .
وَقُدِّمَتْ لِرَجُلٍ رَاوِيَةٌ مِنَ الشَّامِ - أَوْ رَوَايَا - ، فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ ... فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ .
ثُمَّ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ : لا تَقْرَبُوا الصَّلاةَ وَأَنْتُمْ سُكَارَى ... الْآيَةَ . فَقِيلَ : حُرِّمَتِ الْخَمْرُ ؟ فَقَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، إِنَّا لَا نَشْرَبُهَا قُرْبَ الصَّلَاةِ ، فَسَكَتَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْهُمْ .
ثُمَّ نَزَلَتْ : يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالأَنْصَابُ وَالأَزْلامُ رِجْسٌ مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : حُرِّمَتِ الْخَمْرُ .
وَقُدِّمَتْ لِرَجُلٍ رَاوِيَةٌ مِنَ الشَّامِ - أَوْ رَوَايَا - ، فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ ... فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ .
Imam al-Tayalisi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Three verses were revealed concerning wine. The first verse to be revealed was this: "They ask you about wine and gambling. Say: In both of them is great sin, and some benefits for people" (Surah al-Baqarah: 219). Thereupon it was asked: Has wine been made unlawful? The people said: O Messenger of Allah! Let us derive benefit from it (through trade and the like), as Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has said. And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent at this statement of theirs.
Then this verse was revealed: "O you who believe! Do not approach prayer while you are intoxicated, until you know what you are saying" (Surah al-Nisa: 43). Then it was asked: Has wine now been made unlawful? The people said: O Messenger of Allah! We will not drink it near the times of prayer. And he (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent at this too.
Then this decisive verse was revealed: "O you who believe! Wine, gambling, idols and divining arrows are only a filthy work of Satan, so avoid them completely, that you may succeed" (Surah al-Ma'idah: 90). Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said explicitly: "Wine has been (definitively) made unlawful."
(After this command) a large skin of wine, or several skins, was brought from Syria for a man, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) stood up (to destroy it). Then the narrator mentioned the complete hadith.
Then this verse was revealed: "O you who believe! Do not approach prayer while you are intoxicated, until you know what you are saying" (Surah al-Nisa: 43). Then it was asked: Has wine now been made unlawful? The people said: O Messenger of Allah! We will not drink it near the times of prayer. And he (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent at this too.
Then this decisive verse was revealed: "O you who believe! Wine, gambling, idols and divining arrows are only a filthy work of Satan, so avoid them completely, that you may succeed" (Surah al-Ma'idah: 90). Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said explicitly: "Wine has been (definitively) made unlawful."
(After this command) a large skin of wine, or several skins, was brought from Syria for a man, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) stood up (to destroy it). Then the narrator mentioned the complete hadith.
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، ثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْحَنَفِيُّ ، ثَنَا عَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ غَنْمٍ ، عَنْ تَمِيمٍ الدَّارِيِّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُهْدِي لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُلَّ عَامٍ رَاوِيَةَ خَمْرٍ ، فَلَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى تَحْرِيمَ الْخَمْرِ جَاءَ بِهَا ، فَلَمَّا رَآهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ضَحِكَ ، وَقَالَ : إِنَّهَا قَدْ حُرِّمَتْ بَعْدَكَ ! فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، فَأَبِيعُهَا وَأَنْتَفِعُ بِثَمَنِهَا ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَعَنَ اللهُ الْيَهُودَ ; حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ شُحُومَ الْبَقَرِ وَالْغَنَمِ ، فَأَذَابُوهُ وَبَاعُوهُ . فَإِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ حَرَّمَ الْخَمْرَ وَثَمَنَهَا .
هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ .
هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Tamim al-Dari (may Allah be pleased with him) that he used to present a large waterskin of wine to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) every year as a gift. When Allah Almighty revealed the prohibition of wine, he came with it (as usual). When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw it, he (peace and blessings be upon him) smiled and said: "It has been made unlawful in your absence!" He said: O Messenger of Allah! Then shall I sell it and benefit from its price? At this the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "May Allah Almighty curse the Jews; the fat of cattle and sheep was made unlawful for them, so they melted it down and sold it (and consumed its price). Indeed, Allah Almighty has made wine unlawful, and receiving its price as well."
This hadith is of hasan (good) grade.
This hadith is of hasan (good) grade.
وَقَالَ الْحُمَيْدِيُّ وَابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ جَمِيعًا : حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، ثَنَا سَالِمٌ أَبُو النَّضْرِ ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ رَجُلًا كَانَ يُهْدِي لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُلَّ عَامٍ رَاوِيَةً مِنْ خَمْرٍ ، فَأَهْدَاهَا لَهُ عَامًا وَقَدْ حُرِّمَتْ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : إِنَّهَا قَدْ حُرِّمَتْ ! فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ : أَفَلَا أَبِيعُهَا ؟ فَقَالَ : إِنَّ الَّذِي حَرَّمَ شُرْبَهَا حَرَّمَ بَيْعَهَا . قَالَ : أَفَلَا أُكَارِمُ بِهَا الْيَهُودَ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : إِنَّ الَّذِي حَرَّمَهَا حَرَّمَ أَنْ يُكَارَمَ بِهَا الْيَهُودُ ! قَالَ : فَكَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ بِهَا ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : صُبَّهَا فِي الْبَطْحَاءِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man used to present a large waterskin of wine to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) as a gift every year. One year he brought it again as a gift when wine had (in Islam) already been made unlawful. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Indeed, it has now been made unlawful!" The man said: (If drinking it is forbidden,) then shall I not sell it? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, the One who made drinking it unlawful has also made buying and selling it unlawful." He asked again: Shall I not give it as a gift to the Jews and so treat them kindly? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, the One who made it unlawful has also made it unlawful to treat the Jews kindly by means of it!" He said: Then what shall I do with it? He (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded: "Pour it out in the open valley (al-Batha)."
وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ فُضَيْلٍ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ ثَقِيفَ قَالَ : لَقِيَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، جِئْتُ بِبِضَاعَتِي . قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : وَمَا بِضَاعَتُكَ ؟ قَالَ : الْخَمْرُ . قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : انْطَلِقْ بِهَا إِلَى الْبَطْحَاءِ ، فَحُلَّ أَفْوَاهَهَا فَأَهْرِقْهَا .
قَالَ : فَخَرَجَ بِهَا فَأَبَتْ نَفْسُهُ ، فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، مَا لِي وَمَا لِعِيَالِي هَارِبٌ وَلَا قَارِبٌ غَيْرَهَا ! فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : اخْرُجْ بِهَا إِلَى الْبَطْحَاءِ ، فَحُلَّ أَفْوَاهَهَا فَأَهْرِقْهَا . قَالَ : فَفَعَلَ .
ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : قَدْ فَعَلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ! فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدَيْهِ حَتَّى رُئِيَ بَيَاضُ إِبْطَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ : اللَّهُمَّ ، أَغْنِ فُلَانًا وَآلَ فُلَانٍ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ ! فَإِنْ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ أَهْلِ ذَلِكَ الْبَيْتِ لَيَمُوتُ فَيُوَرِّثُ أَلْفَ بَعِيرٍ .
قَالَ : فَخَرَجَ بِهَا فَأَبَتْ نَفْسُهُ ، فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، مَا لِي وَمَا لِعِيَالِي هَارِبٌ وَلَا قَارِبٌ غَيْرَهَا ! فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : اخْرُجْ بِهَا إِلَى الْبَطْحَاءِ ، فَحُلَّ أَفْوَاهَهَا فَأَهْرِقْهَا . قَالَ : فَفَعَلَ .
ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : قَدْ فَعَلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ! فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدَيْهِ حَتَّى رُئِيَ بَيَاضُ إِبْطَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ : اللَّهُمَّ ، أَغْنِ فُلَانًا وَآلَ فُلَانٍ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ ! فَإِنْ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ أَهْلِ ذَلِكَ الْبَيْتِ لَيَمُوتُ فَيُوَرِّثُ أَلْفَ بَعِيرٍ .
It is narrated from a Companion (may Allah be pleased with him) of the tribe of Thaqif that a man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! I have come with my merchandise. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What is your merchandise?" He replied: Wine. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Take it to al-Batha (the open valley), open their mouths and pour it out." The man went out with those goods, but his soul hesitated (at so great a financial loss), so he returned to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and pleaded: O Messenger of Allah! Apart from this, I and my family have no other means of livelihood! The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the same command again: "Take it out to al-Batha, open their mouths and pour it out." So the man did just that. Then he returned to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! I have carried out your command. At this the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his blessed hands so high that the whiteness of his armpits became visible, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) supplicated: 'Allahumma aghni fulanan wa ala fulanin min fadlik' (O Allah, enrich so-and-so and the family of so-and-so out of Your bounty!).
The narrator states that such was the blessing of this prophetic supplication that afterwards, whenever any member of that household died, he would leave behind a thousand camels as inheritance.
The narrator states that such was the blessing of this prophetic supplication that afterwards, whenever any member of that household died, he would leave behind a thousand camels as inheritance.
