المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب النكاح
Book of Marriage
بَابُ مَا يستدل بِهِ عَلَى أَنْ الْمَرْأَةِ لَا حَقٌّ لَهَا فِي الجماع
What is cited as evidence that a woman has no right to intercourse
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( 69 ) حَدِيثُ أَنَسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِيهِ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ لَهَا حَقًّا ، مِنْ رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ ، عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَ عَنْهُ .
(69) The hadith of Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) contains an indication that the woman has a right (of dowry or maintenance) that is due, and it is narrated through the chain of Ibn Jurayj, via an unknown, unnamed narrator ('amman haddatha 'anhu: from someone who narrated to him).
قَالَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ : حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ قُرَّةَ ، عَنْ كَهْمَسٍ الْهِلَالِيِّ ، قَالَ : كُنْتُ عِنْدَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَبَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ عِنْدَهُ إِذْ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ فَجَلَسَتْ إِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَتْ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، إِنَّ زَوْجِي قَدْ كَثُرَ شَرُّهُ ، وَقَلَّ خَيْرُهُ . فَقَالَ لَهَا : " مَنْ زَوْجُكِ ؟ " قَالَتْ : أَبُو سَلَمَةَ . قَالَ : " إِنَّ ذَلِكَ رَجُلٌ لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ ، وَإِنَّهُ لَرَجُلُ صِدْقٍ " ، ثُمَّ قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ لِرَجُلٍ جَالِسٍ عِنْدَهُ : أَلَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا بِمَا قُلْتَ .
فَقَالَ لِرَجُلٍ : قُمْ فَادْعُهُ لِي . فَقَامَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ حِينَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى زَوْجِهَا فَقَعَدَتْ خَلْفَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ جَاءَا مَعًا حَتَّى جَلَسَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : مَا تَقُولُ هَذِهِ الْجَالِسَةُ خَلْفِي ؟ قَالَ : وَمَنْ هَذِهِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؟ قَالَ : هَذِهِ امْرَأَتُكَ ، قَالَ : وَتَقُولُ مَاذَا ؟ قَالَ : تَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ قَلَّ خَيْرُكَ ، وَكَثُرَ شَرُّكَ .
قَالَ : بِئْسَ مَا قَالَتْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ! إِنَّهَا لَمِنْ صَالِحِ نِسَائِهَا ، أَكْثَرُهُنَّ كِسْوَةً وَأَكْثَرُهُنَّ رَفَاهِيَةَ بَيْتٍ ، وَلَكِنَّ فَحْلَهَا بَكِيءٌ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ : مَا تَقُولِينَ ؟ قَالَتْ : صَدَقَ .
فَقَامَ إِلَيْهَا عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِالدِّرَّةِ ، فَتَنَاوَلَهَا بِهَا ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَيْ عَدُوَّةَ نَفْسِهَا ، أَكَلْتِ مَالَهُ ، وَأَفْنَيْتِ شَبَابَهُ ، ثُمَّ أَنْشَأْتِ تُخْبِرِينَ بِمَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ ؟ قَالَتْ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَا تَعْجَلْ ، فَوَاللهِ لَا أَجْلِسُ هَذَا الْمَجْلِسَ أَبَدًا ! فَأَمَرَ لَهَا بِثَلَاثَةِ أَثْوَابٍ ، فَقَالَ : خُذِي هَذَا بِمَا صَنَعْتُ بِكِ ، وَإِيَّاكِ أَنْ تَشْتَكِي هَذَا الشَّيْخَ .
قَالَ : فَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا قَامَتْ وَمَعَهَا الثِّيَابُ ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا فَقَالَ : لَا يَحْمِلُكَ مَا رَأَيْتَنِي صَنَعْتُ بِهَا أَنْ تُسِيءَ إِلَيْهَا . فَقَالَ : مَا كُنْتُ لِأَفْعَلَ ! فَقَالَ : انْصَرِفَا ... فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ .
وَسَيَأْتِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى فِي فَضْلِ الْقَرْنِ الْأَوَّلِ .
فَقَالَ لِرَجُلٍ : قُمْ فَادْعُهُ لِي . فَقَامَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ حِينَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى زَوْجِهَا فَقَعَدَتْ خَلْفَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ جَاءَا مَعًا حَتَّى جَلَسَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : مَا تَقُولُ هَذِهِ الْجَالِسَةُ خَلْفِي ؟ قَالَ : وَمَنْ هَذِهِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؟ قَالَ : هَذِهِ امْرَأَتُكَ ، قَالَ : وَتَقُولُ مَاذَا ؟ قَالَ : تَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ قَلَّ خَيْرُكَ ، وَكَثُرَ شَرُّكَ .
قَالَ : بِئْسَ مَا قَالَتْ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ! إِنَّهَا لَمِنْ صَالِحِ نِسَائِهَا ، أَكْثَرُهُنَّ كِسْوَةً وَأَكْثَرُهُنَّ رَفَاهِيَةَ بَيْتٍ ، وَلَكِنَّ فَحْلَهَا بَكِيءٌ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ : مَا تَقُولِينَ ؟ قَالَتْ : صَدَقَ .
فَقَامَ إِلَيْهَا عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ بِالدِّرَّةِ ، فَتَنَاوَلَهَا بِهَا ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَيْ عَدُوَّةَ نَفْسِهَا ، أَكَلْتِ مَالَهُ ، وَأَفْنَيْتِ شَبَابَهُ ، ثُمَّ أَنْشَأْتِ تُخْبِرِينَ بِمَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ ؟ قَالَتْ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَا تَعْجَلْ ، فَوَاللهِ لَا أَجْلِسُ هَذَا الْمَجْلِسَ أَبَدًا ! فَأَمَرَ لَهَا بِثَلَاثَةِ أَثْوَابٍ ، فَقَالَ : خُذِي هَذَا بِمَا صَنَعْتُ بِكِ ، وَإِيَّاكِ أَنْ تَشْتَكِي هَذَا الشَّيْخَ .
قَالَ : فَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا قَامَتْ وَمَعَهَا الثِّيَابُ ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا فَقَالَ : لَا يَحْمِلُكَ مَا رَأَيْتَنِي صَنَعْتُ بِهَا أَنْ تُسِيءَ إِلَيْهَا . فَقَالَ : مَا كُنْتُ لِأَفْعَلَ ! فَقَالَ : انْصَرِفَا ... فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ .
وَسَيَأْتِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى فِي فَضْلِ الْقَرْنِ الْأَوَّلِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Kahmas al-Hilali (may Allah be pleased with him): I was present with the Commander of the Believers, Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). While we were sitting with him, a woman came, sat near him and said: O Commander of the Believers, my husband's faults have increased and his goodness has decreased. He asked: "Who is your husband?" She said: Abu Salamah. He said: "He is a distinguished Companion who had the company of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and a most truthful man." Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked a man sitting near him: "Is it not so?" He said: O Commander of the Believers, we find him just as you have described.
Then he ordered a man: Go and bring him to me. When the messenger went to call her husband, the woman got up and sat behind Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Shortly afterwards the two came together, and the man sat down before Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). He asked: "What do you say about this woman sitting behind me?" He said: O Commander of the Believers, who is she? He said: "She is your wife." He asked: What is she saying? He said: "She claims that your goodness has decreased and your faults have increased."
The man said: O Commander of the Believers, what an unseemly thing she has said! Yet she is the most righteous among the women of her kind; she has the most clothing and is the most comfortable in her home; but her husband has now become old and weak. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked the woman: "What do you say?" She admitted that he had spoken the truth. On hearing this, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) went towards her with his whip and struck her as a warning, then said: "O enemy of yourself! You consumed his wealth, used up his youth, and now you have begun to say things about him that are not in him?" She said: O Commander of the Believers, pardon me now; by Allah, I will never again come with such a complaint. So he ordered that she be given three garments and said: "Keep these in return for the harshness with which I treated you, and beware of ever complaining about this old man."
The narrator says: It is as if that scene is before my eyes, as she got up carrying the garments. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) turned to her husband and advised him: "Let the harshness you saw me show her not lead you to treat her badly." He said: I will never do that. Then he said: "Now both of you may go."
Then the narrator mentioned the rest of the hadith, and it will come, 'in sha'a Allah ta'ala' (if Allah Almighty wills), in (the chapter on) the virtue of the first generation (the Companions).
Then he ordered a man: Go and bring him to me. When the messenger went to call her husband, the woman got up and sat behind Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Shortly afterwards the two came together, and the man sat down before Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). He asked: "What do you say about this woman sitting behind me?" He said: O Commander of the Believers, who is she? He said: "She is your wife." He asked: What is she saying? He said: "She claims that your goodness has decreased and your faults have increased."
The man said: O Commander of the Believers, what an unseemly thing she has said! Yet she is the most righteous among the women of her kind; she has the most clothing and is the most comfortable in her home; but her husband has now become old and weak. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked the woman: "What do you say?" She admitted that he had spoken the truth. On hearing this, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) went towards her with his whip and struck her as a warning, then said: "O enemy of yourself! You consumed his wealth, used up his youth, and now you have begun to say things about him that are not in him?" She said: O Commander of the Believers, pardon me now; by Allah, I will never again come with such a complaint. So he ordered that she be given three garments and said: "Keep these in return for the harshness with which I treated you, and beware of ever complaining about this old man."
The narrator says: It is as if that scene is before my eyes, as she got up carrying the garments. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) turned to her husband and advised him: "Let the harshness you saw me show her not lead you to treat her badly." He said: I will never do that. Then he said: "Now both of you may go."
Then the narrator mentioned the rest of the hadith, and it will come, 'in sha'a Allah ta'ala' (if Allah Almighty wills), in (the chapter on) the virtue of the first generation (the Companions).
وَقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ : حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي حَرِيزٍ ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ : أَنَّ امْرَأَةً مِنْ طَيِّئٍ مِنْ بَنِي سِنْبِسَ - يُقَالُ لَهَا : أُمُّ بَعْلٍ - أَتَتْ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَزَوْجُهَا مَعَهَا ، فَقَالَتْ : إِنَّ زَوْجَهَا لَا يَأْتِيهَا ، وَإِنَّهَا امْرَأَةٌ تُرِيدُ الْوَلَدَ . فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ : مَا تَرَى مَا عَلَيْهَا مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ ؟ قَالَ : وَهِيَ فِي هَيْئَةٍ حَسَنَةٍ . فَقَالَ لَهُ : " لَا ، وَلَا مِنَ السِّحْرِ حَيْثُ يَتَحَرَّكُ مِنَ الشَّيْخِ ؟ " قَالَ : وَلَا مِنَ السِّحْرِ ، قَالَ : " هَلَكْتَ وَأَهْلَكْتَ " . وَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهَا ، فَقَالَ لَهَا : " اصْبِرِي ، حَتَّى يُفْرَجَ عَنْهُ " .
It is narrated from Imam al-Hakam (may Allah have mercy on him) that a woman of the tribe of Tayyi', from its branch Banu Sinbis, who was called Umm Ba'l, came to Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), and her husband was with her. The woman complained that her husband did not come near her (that is, did not have marital relations with her), whereas she wanted children. The man, defending himself, said: Do you not see in what comfort and blessing this woman lives? The narrator says: The woman was indeed in a very fine condition and appearance. Then Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) asked the man: "No? And is there not even some such effect of magic on him, of the kind that stirs even an old man into arousal and movement?" He replied: No, there is no effect of magic either. Then he (may Allah be pleased with him) warned him, saying: "You have ruined yourself and brought ruin upon her as well." Then he (may Allah be pleased with him) turned to the woman and advised her: "Be patient until this condition of his ends and he is freed from this impediment."
