المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب البيوع
Book of Sales
بَابُ بَيْعِ المضطر
The sale of one under compulsion
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أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ ، ثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ ، عَنِ الْكَوْثَرِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ ، عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ ، قَالَ : بَلَغَنِي عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : أَلَا إِنَّ زَمَانَكُمْ هَذَا زَمَانٌ عَضُوضٌ ، يَعَضُّ الْمُؤْمِنُ عَلَى مَا فِي يَدِهِ حَذَارَ الْإِنْفَاقِ . قَالَ اللهُ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - : وَمَا أَنْفَقْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَهُوَ يُخْلِفُهُ وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ . قَالَ - وَشَهِدَ شِرَارَ النَّاسِ يُبَايِعُونَ كُلَّ مُضْطَرٍّ : أَلَا إِنَّ بَيْعَ الْمُضْطَرِّينَ حَرَامٌ ، إِنَّ بَيْعَ الْمُضْطَرِّينَ حَرَامٌ ، الْمُسْلِمُ أَخُو الْمُسْلِمِ ، لَا يَظْلِمُهُ ، وَلَا يَخْذُلُهُ ، إِنْ كَانَ عِنْدَكَ مَعْرُوفٌ فَعُدْ بِهِ عَلَى أَخِيكَ ، وَإِلَّا فَلَا تَزِدْهُ هَلَاكًا عَلَى هَلَاكِهِ .
الْكَوْثَرُ مَتْرُوكٌ ، وَمَكْحُولٌ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - مُنْقَطِعٌ .
الْكَوْثَرُ مَتْرُوكٌ ، وَمَكْحُولٌ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - مُنْقَطِعٌ .
It is narrated from Makhul that he said: It reached me from Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Beware! This present time of yours is a very harsh and painful time, in which the believer will cling with his teeth to the wealth in his hands for fear of spending (in the way of Allah) (that is, he will be extremely miserly)," whereas Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: "And whatever you spend of anything, He will replace it, and He is the best of providers." The narrator said that he (peace and blessings be upon him) saw the worst of people trading with every person in dire need (that is, exploiting his need to buy cheaply), so he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Beware! Such trading with people in dire need is unlawful; indeed, such bargaining with the needy and helpless is unlawful. A Muslim is the brother of a Muslim: he does not wrong him, nor does he abandon him (in hardship). If you have some good or surplus wealth, spend it on your brother's need; otherwise do not push him towards ruin by adding to his present distress." The narrator called al-Kawthar is matruk (abandoned), and this report of Makhul from Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) is broken (munqati').
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْأَشْعَثِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْمِقْدَامِ الْعِجْلِيُّ ، ثَنَا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ ، ثَنَا الْعَلَاءُ بْنُ ثَعْلَبَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمَلِيحِ الْهُذَلِيِّ ، عَنْ وَاثِلَةَ بْنِ الْأَسْقَعِ - رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ : تَرَاءَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِمَسْجِدِ الْخَيْفِ ، فَقَالَ لِي أَصْحَابُهُ : إِلَيْكَ يَا وَاثِلَةُ ، أَيْ : تَنَحَّ عَنْ وَجْهِ رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : دَعُوهُ ، إِنَّمَا جَاءَ لِيَسْأَلَ قَالَ : فَدَنَوْتُ ، فَقُلْتُ : بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، لِتُفْتِنَا عَنْ أَمْرٍ نَأْخُذُهُ عَنْكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ ؟ قَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : فَلْيُفْتِكَ نَفْسُكَ قَالَ : قُلْتُ : وَكَيْفَ لِي بِذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : دَعْ مَا يَرِيبُكَ إِلَى مَا لَا يَرِيبُكَ ، وَإِنْ أَفْتَاكَ الْمُفْتُونَ ، قُلْتُ : وَكَيْفَ لِي بِذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : ضَعْ يَدَكَ عَلَى فُؤَادِكَ ، فَإِنَّ الْقَلْبَ يَسْكُنُ لِلْحَلَالِ وَلَا يَسْكُنُ لِلْحَرَامِ ، وَإِنَّ وَرَعَ الْمُسْلِمِ يَدَعُ الصَّغِيرَ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَقَعَ فِي الْكَبِيرِ ، قُلْتُ : بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي ، فَمَنِ الْحَرِيصُ ؟ قَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : الَّذِي يَطْلُبُ الْمَكْسَبَةَ مِنْ غَيْرِ حِلِّهَا ، قُلْتُ : فَمَنِ الْوَرِعُ ؟ قَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : الَّذِي يَقِفُ عِنْدَ الشُّبْهَةِ ، قُلْتُ : فَمَنِ الْمُؤْمِنُ ؟ قَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : مَنْ أَمِنَهُ النَّاسُ عَلَى دِمَائِهِمْ ، قُلْتُ : فَمَنِ الْمُسْلِمُ ؟ قَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : مَنْ سَلِمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ وَيَدِهِ ، قُلْتُ : فَأَيُّ الْجِهَادِ أَفْضَلُ ؟ قَالَ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : كَلِمَةُ حَقٍّ عِنْدَ إِمَامٍ جَائِرٍ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Wathilah bin al-Asqa' (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "I tried to come before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in Masjid al-Khayf, and his (peace and blessings be upon him) Companions said to me: 'O Wathilah, move away,' that is, get out of the way of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Leave him; he has only come to ask something.' Wathilah said: So I drew near and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, may my father and mother be ransomed for you, will you give us a ruling on a matter that we can take from you after you are gone?' He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Your own self will give you the ruling.' I said: 'How can that be possible for me?' He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Leave what causes you doubt for what does not cause you doubt, even if those who give rulings keep giving you rulings.' I said: 'How will that be for me?' He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Place your hand on your heart, for the heart is at ease with the lawful and finds no peace with the unlawful; and the piety of a Muslim is that he leaves even the small (doubtful) thing for fear of falling into the great sin.' I said: 'May my father and mother be sacrificed for you, who is the greedy one?' He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'The one who seeks earnings in an unlawful way.' I said: 'Then who is the pious one?' He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'The one who stops where there is doubt.' I said: 'Then who is the believer?' He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'The one from whom people feel safe with regard to their blood (lives).' I said: 'Then who is the Muslim?' He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'The one from whose tongue and hand the Muslims are safe.' I said: 'Then which jihad is the best?' He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Speaking a word of truth before an unjust ruler.'"
