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Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2958 — Divine decree

وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ أَيْضًا : حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ الْمُحَبَّرِ ، حَدَّثَنَا بَكْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ ابْنُ أُخْتِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي رَوَّادٍ ، عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ ، قَالَ :
إِنِّي لَقَاعِدٌ عِنْدَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، قَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ : يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّ رِجَالًا يَقُولُونَ : قَدَّرَ اللهُ تَعَالَى كُلَّ شَيْءٍ مَا خَلَا الشَّرَّ ، قَالَ : فَوَاللهِ ، مَا رَأَيْتُ سَعِيدًا غَضِبَ غَضَبًا قَطُّ مِثْلَ غَضَبِهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ ، حَتَّى هَمَّ بِالْقِيَامِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : فَعَلُوهَا ؟ وَيْحَهُمْ لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَمَا وَاللهِ لَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ فِيهِمْ حَدِيثًا ، كَفَاهُمْ بِهِ شَرًّا ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : وَمَا ذَاكَ يَرْحَمُكَ اللهُ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ؟ قَالَ : فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ ، وَقَدْ سَكَنَ غَضَبُهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي رَافِعُ بْنُ خَدِيجٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ : يَكُونُ فِي أُمَّتِي أَقْوَامٌ يَكْفُرُونَ بِاللهِ وَبِالْقَدَرِ ، وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ ، كَمَا كَفَرَتِ الْيَهُودُ وَالنَّصَارَى قَالَ : قُلْتُ : جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ يَقُولُونَ كَيْفَ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : يَقُولُونَ : الْخَيْرُ مِنَ اللهِ ، وَالشَّرُّ مِنْ إِبْلِيسَ ، قَالَ : وَهُمْ يَقْرَؤُونَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ كِتَابَ اللهِ تَعَالَى ، وَيَكْفُرُونَ بِاللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بَعْدَ الْإِيمَانِ وَالْمَعْرِفَةِ ، فَمَاذَا تَلْقَى أُمَّتِي مِنْهُمْ مِنَ الْعَدَاوَةِ ، وَالْبَغْضَاءِ ، وَالْجِدَالِ ، أُولَئِكَ زَنَادِقَةُ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ ، وَفِي زَمَانِهِمْ يَكُونُ ظُلْمُ السُّلْطَانِ ، فَيَا لَهُ مِنْ ظُلْمٍ وَحَيْفٍ وَأَثَرَةٍ ، فَيَبْعَثُ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِمْ طَاعُونًا ، فَيَفْنَى عَامَّتُهُمْ ، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ الْمَسْخُ وَالْخَسْفُ ، وَقَلِيلٌ مَنْ يَنْجُو مِنْهُمُ ، الْكُلُّ يَوْمَئِذٍ قَلِيلٌ فَرَحُهُ ، شَدِيدٌ غَمُّهُ ، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ الْمَسْخُ يَمْسَخُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَامَّةَ أُولَئِكَ قِرَدَةً وَخَنَازِيرَ ثُمَّ بَكَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى بَكَيْنَا لِبُكَائِهِ ، فَقِيلَ : مَا هَذَا الْبُكَاءُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : رَحْمَةً لَهُمُ الْأَشْقِيَاءِ ؛ لِأَنَّ فِيهِمُ الْمُجْتَهِدَ ، وَفِيهِمُ الْمُتَعَبِّدَ ، مَعَ أَنَّهُمْ لَيْسُوا بِأَوَّلِ مَنْ سَبَقَ إِلَى هَذَا الْقَوْلِ ، وَضَاقَ بِهِ ذَرْعًا ، إِنَّ عَامَّةَ مَنْ هَلَكَ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بِهِ هَلَكَ فَقِيلَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا الْإِيمَانُ بِالْقَدَرِ ؟ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَحْدَهُ ، وَتَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَمْلِكُ مَعَهُ أَحَدٌ ضَرًّا وَلَا نَفْعًا ، وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ ، وَتَعْلَمَ أَنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَهُمَا قَبْلَ الْخَلْقِ ، ثُمَّ خَلَقَ خَلْقَهُ ، فَجَعَلَ مَنْ شَاءَ مِنْهُمْ لِلْجَنَّةِ ، وَمَنْ شَاءَ مِنْهُمْ لِلنَّارِ .
2958 \ 2 - وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ الدَّوْرَقِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُقْرِئُ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِطُولِهِ .
It is narrated from Amr bin Shu'ayb: I was sitting with Sa'id bin al-Musayyib when someone present said: "O Abu Muhammad! Some people say that Allah Almighty has decreed everything except evil." The narrator says: By Allah! I never saw Sa'id bin al-Musayyib as angry as he was that day, so much so that he resolved to get up in anger. Then he said: "Have they really committed this insolence? Woe to them! If only you knew! By Allah! I have heard a blessed hadith about them that suffices to expose their evil." I said: "O Abu Muhammad! Yarhamukallah (May Allah have mercy on you), what is that?" He looked at me, his anger having subsided, and said: Sayyiduna Rafi' bin Khadij (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to me; he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "There will appear in my Ummah peoples who will disbelieve by denying Allah Almighty and the divine decree, without even being aware of it, just as the Jews and Christians disbelieved." I said: "O Messenger of Allah! May I be ransomed for you, how will they say it?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "They will say that good is from Allah but evil is from Iblis; and despite this false belief they will be reciting the Book of Allah Almighty, and they will commit disbelief in Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, after faith and knowledge. My Ummah will face severe hardships because of their enmity, hatred and argumentation! These are the heretics (zanadiqah) of this Ummah, and in their time there will be the tyranny and oppression of rulers; and what a dreadful time of oppression, injustice and favouritism it will be! Then Allah Almighty will send upon them an epidemic of plague by which most of them will perish. Then there will be the transformation of forms and the swallowing up by the earth, and very few of them will escape. On that day everyone's joy will be little and his grief very great. Then Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, will transform most of them, turning them into apes and swine." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wept so much that we too began to weep because of his (peace and blessings be upon him) weeping. It was said: "O Messenger of Allah! What is the reason for weeping so much?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I weep out of pity for those wretched people, because among them will be those who strive hard and devoted worshippers who stand at night in prayer; yet they are not the first to adopt this misguided saying; rather, most of those of the Children of Israel who perished were ruined because of this very belief." It was asked: "O Messenger of Allah! What is the reality of faith in divine decree?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That you believe in Allah alone and know that no one besides Him has even the slightest power to bring benefit or harm; and that you believe in Paradise and Hell and firmly hold that Allah Almighty created them both before creating the creation, then He created His creation, and by His will chose for Paradise whomever of them He willed and appointed for Hell whomever He willed."
Besides Imam al-Harith, Imam Abu Ya'la also transmitted this narration at length with the same words from Ahmad al-Dawraqi, from al-Muqri, through Ibn Lahi'ah, from Amr bin Shu'ayb.
Hadith Reference المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية / كتاب الإيمان والتوحيد / 2958
Hadith Grading محدثین: إسناده موضوع
Hadith Takhrij «حکم الحدیث المطالب العالیہ محققاً تنسیق د. سعد بن ناصر بن عبد العزيز الشَّثري- مکتبہ شاملہ :حديث موضوع. »
«أخرجه مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد برقم: 11835، وأخرجه إتحاف الخيرة المهرة بزوائد المسانيد العشرة برقم: 218/1»