وَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيُّ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْهَادِ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نَافِعِ بْنِ عُجَيْرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : خَرَجَ زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ ، فَقَدِمَتِ ابْنَةُ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا .
فَقَالَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : أَنَا آخُذُهَا وَأَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَا ، ابْنَةُ عَمِّي وَعِنْدِي خَالَتُهَا ، وَإِنَّمَا الْخَالَةُ أُمٌّ ، وَهِيَ أَحَقُّ .
وَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : بَلْ أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَا ، هِيَ ابْنَةُ عَمِّي ، وَعِنْدِي ابْنَةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَهِيَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا . وَإِنِّي لَأَرْفَعُ صَوْتِي لِيَسْمَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حُجَّتِي قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ .
وَقَالَ زَيْدٌ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : بَلْ أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَا ، خَرَجْتُ إِلَيْهَا وَسَافَرْتُ ، وَجِئْتُ بِهَا .
فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : " مَا شَأْنُكُمْ ؟ " فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : ابْنَةُ عَمِّي ، وَأَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَا ، وَعِنْدِي ابْنَةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، تَكُونُ مَعَهَا أَحَقَّ بِهَا مِنْ غَيْرِهَا .
وَقَالَ جَعْفَرٌ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، ابْنَةُ عَمِّي ، وَعِنْدِي خَالَتُهَا وَالْخَالَةُ أُمٌّ ، وَهِيَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا مِنْ غَيْرِهَا .
وَقَالَ زَيْدٌ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : بَلْ أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَا ، خَرَجْتُ إِلَيْهَا ، وَتَجَشَّمْتُ السَّفَرَ وَأَنْفَقْتُ ، فَأَنَا أَحَقُّ بِهَا .
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " سَأَقْضِي بَيْنَكُمَا فِي هَذَا وَفِي غَيْرِهِ " .
قَالَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : فَلَمَّا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " وَفِي غَيْرِهِ " - قُلْتُ : نَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ فِي رَفْعِنَا أَصْوَاتَنَا .
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَمَّا أَنْتَ يَا زَيْدُ فَمَوْلَايَ وَمَوْلَاهُمَا " . قَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : قَدْ رَضِيتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ .
قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " وَأَمَّا أَنْتَ يَا جَعْفَرُ ، فَأَشْبَهْتَ خَلْقِي وَخُلُقِي ، وَأَنْتَ مِنْ شَجَرَتِي الَّتِي خُلِقْتُ مِنْهَا " . قَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : رَضِيتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ .
قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " وَأَمَّا أَنْتَ يَا عَلِيُّ فَصَفِيِّي وَأَمِينِي " . قَالَ يَزِيدُ بْنُ الْهَادِ : فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ حَسَنٍ ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " أَنْتَ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْكَ " . قَالَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ : رَضِيتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ .
قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " وَأَمَّا الْجَارِيَةُ فَقَدْ قَضَيْتُ بِهَا لِجَعْفَرٍ ، تَكُونُ مَعَ خَالَتِهَا ، وَالْخَالَةُ أُمٌّ " . قَالُوا : سَلَّمْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Zayd bin Harithah (may Allah be pleased with him) set out for Makkah and brought back (from there) the daughter of Sayyiduna Hamzah bin Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with them both). At this Sayyiduna Ja'far bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I will take her into my guardianship, and I have the greater right to her, because she is my cousin and her maternal aunt (my wife) is with me; and the truth is that the maternal aunt is of the rank of a mother, so she has the greater right. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Rather, I have the greater right to her; she is my cousin, and with me is the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) (Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her)), who has the greatest right to look after her. (Sayyiduna Ali says:) I was raising my voice so that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would hear my argument before he came out. Meanwhile Sayyiduna Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I have the greater right to her, because I set out especially for her, travelled, and brought her back. Then, when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came out, he asked: "What is your matter?" Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: She is my cousin and I have the greatest right to her; moreover, with me is the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), who can raise her better than others. Sayyiduna Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah, I have the greater right to her; she is my cousin, and her maternal aunt is with me, and the maternal aunt is just like a mother, so she has a greater right than others. And Sayyiduna Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Rather, I have the right to her, because I set out for her sake, endured the hardships of the journey and bore the expenses, so I have the greater right. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I will judge between you in this matter and in another matter as well." Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said the words "and in another matter," (I became afraid and) I said: This verse of the Qur'an was revealed concerning the raising of our voices: "Do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet" (Surah al-Hujurat: 2). Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Zayd, you are my freed slave and theirs as well." He said: O Messenger of Allah, I am content. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "And O Ja'far, you resemble me in both appearance and character, and you are from the same tree from which I was created." He said: O Messenger of Allah, I am content. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "And O Ali, you are my chosen one and my trusted confidant." The narrator Yazid bin al-Had says: When I mentioned this to Abdullah bin Hasan, he told me that he (peace and blessings be upon him) also said: "You are from me and I am from you." At this Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah, I am content. Finally, announcing his judgement, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "As for this girl, I have judged in favour of Ja'far; she will stay with her maternal aunt, because the maternal aunt stands in the place of the mother." On hearing this, all of them said: O Messenger of Allah, we submit.
This blessed hadith establishes the great juristic principle that, in the right of custody (hadanah) of an orphan girl, the maternal aunt is given precedence over other relatives, because in tenderness and motherly love she is the substitute for the mother.