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المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الوليمة
Book of the Wedding Feast
بَابُ حَقٌّ الزوج عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ
Chapter: The husband's right over the wife
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 1672 — The husband's right over the wife
اُردوEn
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ وَكِيعٍ ، ثَنَا أَبِي ، ثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَبِي سَلَّامٍ ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ السَّكْسَكِيِّ هُوَ ابْنُ يُخَامِرَ قَالَ : إِنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تَأْخُذُ مِنْ بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا ، وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَهَا أَنْ تَأْخُذَهُ وَهُوَ كَارِهٌ ، وَلَا تَخْرُجَ وَهُوَ كَارِهٌ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ ، وَلَا تُطْمِعَ فِيهِ أَحَدًا مَا اصْطَحَبَا ، وَلَا تُخَشِّنَ بِصَدْرِهِ ، وَلَا تَعْتَزِلَ فِرَاشَهُ .
وَلَا تُضَارَّ بِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ هُوَ أَظْلَمَ مِنْهَا أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُ حَتَّى تُرْضِيَهُ ; فَإِنْ هُوَ قَبِلَ مِنْهَا فَبِهَا وَنِعْمَتْ ، قَبِلَ اللهُ عُذْرَهَا ، وَأَفْلَحَ حُجَّتَهَا ، وَلَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهَا . وَإِنْ أَبَى الزَّوْجُ أَنْ يَرْضَى فَقَدْ أَبْلَغَتْ إِلَيْهِ عُذْرَهَا .
وَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا ، فَرَضِيَتْ بِالصِّرَامِ حَتَّى تَمْضِيَ لَهَا ثَلَاثُ لَيَالٍ . وَإِنْ أَذِنَتْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ ، أَوْ أَتَتْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ فِي زِيَارَةِ وَالِدٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ مَا شَهِدَ عِنْدَهَا ، فَأَحْنَثَتْ لَهُ قَسَمًا ، وَأَطَاعَتْ فِيهِ وَالِدًا أَوْ وَلَدًا ، أَوِ اعْتَزَلَتْ لَهُ مَضْجَعًا ، أَوْ خَشَّنَتْ لَهُ صَدْرًا - فَإِنَّهُنَّ لَا يَزَالُ يُكْتَبُ عَلَيْهِنَّ ثَلَاثٌ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ مَا فَعَلْنَ ذَلِكَ : أَكْبَرُ الْكَبَائِرِ : الْإِشْرَاكُ بِاللهِ ، وَقَتْلُ الْمُؤْمِنِ مُتَعَمِّدًا ، وَالثَّالِثُ : أَكْلُ الرِّبَا .
وَكَفَى بِالْمَرْأَةِ إِثْمًا أَنْ تَأْتِيَ كُلَّمَا غَضِبَ عَلَيْهَا زَوْجُهَا ثَلَاثًا مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ ، اسْتَحْوَذَ عَلَيْهَا الشَّيْطَانُ ، فَأَصْبَحَتْ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ ".
قَالَ : وَحَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذٌ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " لَا تَزَالُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ تَلْعَنُهَا ، وَيَلْعَنُهَا اللهُ تَعَالَى ، وَخُزَّانُ دَارِ الرَّحْمَةِ وَدَارِ الْعَذَابِ مِمَّا انْتَهَكَتْ مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ " .
هَذَا حَدِيثٌ رِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ أَثْبَاتٌ إِلَّا شَيْخَ أَبِي يَعْلَى ، فَهُوَ مِنْ مُنْكَرَاتِهِ ، وَكَانَ صَدُوقًا فِي نَفْسِهِ ، إِلَّا أَنَّ وَرَّاقَهُ أَدْخَلَ عَلَيْهِ مَا لَيْسَ مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ ، وَكَانُوا يُحَذِّرُونَهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يَرْضَى .
وَقَدْ أَخْرَجَهُ الْحَاكِمُ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ يَخَامِرَ السَّكْسَكِيِّ ; فَيُنْظَرُ فِي تَفَاوُتِ مَا بَيْنَ السِّيَاقَيْنِ .
وَلَا تُضَارَّ بِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ هُوَ أَظْلَمَ مِنْهَا أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُ حَتَّى تُرْضِيَهُ ; فَإِنْ هُوَ قَبِلَ مِنْهَا فَبِهَا وَنِعْمَتْ ، قَبِلَ اللهُ عُذْرَهَا ، وَأَفْلَحَ حُجَّتَهَا ، وَلَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهَا . وَإِنْ أَبَى الزَّوْجُ أَنْ يَرْضَى فَقَدْ أَبْلَغَتْ إِلَيْهِ عُذْرَهَا .
وَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا ، فَرَضِيَتْ بِالصِّرَامِ حَتَّى تَمْضِيَ لَهَا ثَلَاثُ لَيَالٍ . وَإِنْ أَذِنَتْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ ، أَوْ أَتَتْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ فِي زِيَارَةِ وَالِدٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ مَا شَهِدَ عِنْدَهَا ، فَأَحْنَثَتْ لَهُ قَسَمًا ، وَأَطَاعَتْ فِيهِ وَالِدًا أَوْ وَلَدًا ، أَوِ اعْتَزَلَتْ لَهُ مَضْجَعًا ، أَوْ خَشَّنَتْ لَهُ صَدْرًا - فَإِنَّهُنَّ لَا يَزَالُ يُكْتَبُ عَلَيْهِنَّ ثَلَاثٌ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ مَا فَعَلْنَ ذَلِكَ : أَكْبَرُ الْكَبَائِرِ : الْإِشْرَاكُ بِاللهِ ، وَقَتْلُ الْمُؤْمِنِ مُتَعَمِّدًا ، وَالثَّالِثُ : أَكْلُ الرِّبَا .
وَكَفَى بِالْمَرْأَةِ إِثْمًا أَنْ تَأْتِيَ كُلَّمَا غَضِبَ عَلَيْهَا زَوْجُهَا ثَلَاثًا مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ ، اسْتَحْوَذَ عَلَيْهَا الشَّيْطَانُ ، فَأَصْبَحَتْ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ ".
قَالَ : وَحَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذٌ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " لَا تَزَالُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ تَلْعَنُهَا ، وَيَلْعَنُهَا اللهُ تَعَالَى ، وَخُزَّانُ دَارِ الرَّحْمَةِ وَدَارِ الْعَذَابِ مِمَّا انْتَهَكَتْ مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ " .
هَذَا حَدِيثٌ رِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ أَثْبَاتٌ إِلَّا شَيْخَ أَبِي يَعْلَى ، فَهُوَ مِنْ مُنْكَرَاتِهِ ، وَكَانَ صَدُوقًا فِي نَفْسِهِ ، إِلَّا أَنَّ وَرَّاقَهُ أَدْخَلَ عَلَيْهِ مَا لَيْسَ مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ ، وَكَانُوا يُحَذِّرُونَهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلَا يَرْضَى .
وَقَدْ أَخْرَجَهُ الْحَاكِمُ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ يَخَامِرَ السَّكْسَكِيِّ ; فَيُنْظَرُ فِي تَفَاوُتِ مَا بَيْنَ السِّيَاقَيْنِ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is not lawful for a woman to take anything from her husband's house without her husband's permission, nor is it permissible for her to take something despite his dislike, nor to go out of the house without his permission while he dislikes it; and as long as the two of them are joined in marriage, she should not make anyone (else) covet him (or the affairs of the house), nor hurt his feelings, nor separate herself from his bed.
And she should not harm him; and even if the husband is the more unjust of the two, she should still come to him until she has pleased him. If he (the husband) accepts it from her, that is very good: Allah will accept her excuse and make her plea succeed, and there will be no sin upon her. And if the husband refuses to be pleased, then she has fulfilled her responsibility by conveying her excuse to him.
But if she does none of this and remains content with cutting off relations until three nights have passed, or she gives someone permission (to enter the house) without her husband's permission, or goes out in his absence without his permission to visit her father or for some other matter, or breaks his oath, or obeys her father or her child in that matter, or separates herself from the bed, or hurts his feelings, then as long as they keep doing so, three major sins will continue to be written against them: the greatest of sins, associating partners with Allah; killing a believer deliberately; and the third, consuming usury (riba).
It is enough sin for a woman that whenever her husband is angry with her she bears the burden of these three major sins; Satan has overpowered her and she becomes one of the people of the Fire."
The narrator says: Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) also narrated this hadith to us, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The angels continually curse such a woman, Allah Almighty curses her too, and the keepers of the abodes of mercy and punishment (Paradise and Hell) also curse her, because she has violated the limits by disobeying Allah, the Mighty and Majestic."
This is a hadith whose narrators are all thiqat (trustworthy) and firm, except for the teacher of Imam Abu Ya'la (Sufyan bin Waki'); it is among his munkar (rejected) reports. He was truthful in himself, but his scribe (warraq) inserted into his narrations things that were not part of his hadiths; the hadith scholars used to warn him about this, but he did not desist.
Imam al-Hakim narrated it through another route, through Ata' al-Khurasani from Malik bin Yukhamir al-Saksaki; therefore the difference between the wording of the two reports should be taken into consideration.
And she should not harm him; and even if the husband is the more unjust of the two, she should still come to him until she has pleased him. If he (the husband) accepts it from her, that is very good: Allah will accept her excuse and make her plea succeed, and there will be no sin upon her. And if the husband refuses to be pleased, then she has fulfilled her responsibility by conveying her excuse to him.
But if she does none of this and remains content with cutting off relations until three nights have passed, or she gives someone permission (to enter the house) without her husband's permission, or goes out in his absence without his permission to visit her father or for some other matter, or breaks his oath, or obeys her father or her child in that matter, or separates herself from the bed, or hurts his feelings, then as long as they keep doing so, three major sins will continue to be written against them: the greatest of sins, associating partners with Allah; killing a believer deliberately; and the third, consuming usury (riba).
It is enough sin for a woman that whenever her husband is angry with her she bears the burden of these three major sins; Satan has overpowered her and she becomes one of the people of the Fire."
The narrator says: Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) also narrated this hadith to us, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The angels continually curse such a woman, Allah Almighty curses her too, and the keepers of the abodes of mercy and punishment (Paradise and Hell) also curse her, because she has violated the limits by disobeying Allah, the Mighty and Majestic."
This is a hadith whose narrators are all thiqat (trustworthy) and firm, except for the teacher of Imam Abu Ya'la (Sufyan bin Waki'); it is among his munkar (rejected) reports. He was truthful in himself, but his scribe (warraq) inserted into his narrations things that were not part of his hadiths; the hadith scholars used to warn him about this, but he did not desist.
Imam al-Hakim narrated it through another route, through Ata' al-Khurasani from Malik bin Yukhamir al-Saksaki; therefore the difference between the wording of the two reports should be taken into consideration.
