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المطالب العالية بزوائد المسانيد الثمانية
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah
كتاب الصيام
Book of Fasting
بَابُ صِيَامِ عَاشُورَاءَ
Chapter: Fasting Ashura
Al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 1086 — Fasting Ashura
اُردوEn
وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى ، ثَنَا حَمَّادٌ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الْخَلِيلِ ، عَنْ إِيَاسِ بْنِ حَرْمَلَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ قَالَ : إِنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ ، وَيَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ يُكَفِّرُ الْعَامَ الَّذِي قَبْلَهُ وَالَّذِي بَعْدَهُ ، وَصَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ يُكَفِّرُ الْعَامَ الَّذِي قَبْلَهُ .
قُلْتُ : هَذَا إِسْنَادُهُ مَقْلُوبٌ ، وَمَتْنٌ مَقْلُوبٌ ; أَمَّا الْإِسْنَادُ ، فَالصَّوَابُ : حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ إِيَاسٍ ، هَكَذَا أَخْرَجَهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَغَيْرُهُ . وَأَمَّا الْمَتْنُ ، فَالصَّوَابُ أَنَّ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ هُوَ الَّذِي يُكَفِّرُ السَّنَتَيْنِ ، وَعَاشُورَاءَ يُكَفِّرُ سَنَةً ، كَذَا أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ .
قُلْتُ : هَذَا إِسْنَادُهُ مَقْلُوبٌ ، وَمَتْنٌ مَقْلُوبٌ ; أَمَّا الْإِسْنَادُ ، فَالصَّوَابُ : حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ إِيَاسٍ ، هَكَذَا أَخْرَجَهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَغَيْرُهُ . وَأَمَّا الْمَتْنُ ، فَالصَّوَابُ أَنَّ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ هُوَ الَّذِي يُكَفِّرُ السَّنَتَيْنِ ، وَعَاشُورَاءَ يُكَفِّرُ سَنَةً ، كَذَا أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) that a Bedouin asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about fasting on the day of Arafah and the day of Ashura, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The fast of Ashura becomes an expiation for the sins of the year before it and the year after it, while the fast of Arafah wipes out the sins of the one past year."
I (Ibn Hajar) say: In both the chain and the text of this report the narrator has made an oversight and the order has been reversed. As for the chain, the correct name is Harmalah bin Iyas, as Imam Ahmad and other hadith scholars recorded it. As for the text, the correct position is that the fast of the day of Arafah is an expiation for the sins of two years, while the day of Ashura makes amends for the sins of one year; exactly so did Imam Muslim and other imams record it correctly through other routes from Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) himself.
I (Ibn Hajar) say: In both the chain and the text of this report the narrator has made an oversight and the order has been reversed. As for the chain, the correct name is Harmalah bin Iyas, as Imam Ahmad and other hadith scholars recorded it. As for the text, the correct position is that the fast of the day of Arafah is an expiation for the sins of two years, while the day of Ashura makes amends for the sins of one year; exactly so did Imam Muslim and other imams record it correctly through other routes from Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) himself.
