مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب المغازي والسير
Book of Military Expeditions and Biography
بَابٌ فِي وَقْعَةِ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ وَنَهَاوَنْدَ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ
The battles of al-Qadisiyyah, Nahawand and others
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عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ قُرَّةَ [ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قُرَّةَ ] قَالَ : لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ بَعَثَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ إِلَى صَاحِبِ فَارِسَ ، فَقَالَ : ابْعَثُوا مَعِي عَشَرَةً فَشَدَّ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابَهُ ، وَأَخَذَ عَلَيْهِ جَحْفَةً ، ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ حَتَّى أَتَوْهُ ، فَقَالَ لِلْقَوْمِ : أَلْقُوا إِلَيَّ بُرْنُسًا فَجَلَسَ عَلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ الْعِلْجُ : إِنَّكُمْ مَعَاشِرَ الْعَرَبِ ، قَدْ عَرَفْتُ الَّذِي حَمَلَكُمْ عَلَى الْجِيئَةِ إِلَيْنَا ، أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ لَا تَجِدُونَ فِي بِلَادِكُمْ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ مَا تَشْبَعُونَ مِنْهُ ، فَخُذُوا نُعْطِيكُمْ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ حَاجَتَكُمْ ، فَإِنَّا قَوْمٌ مَجُوسٌ ، وَإِنَّا نَكْرَهُ قَتْلَكُمْ ، وَإِنَّكُمْ تُنَجِّسُونَ عَلَيْنَا أَرْضَنَا . فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ : وَاللَّهِ مَا ذَاكَ جَاءَ بِنَا ، وَلَكِنَّا كُنَّا قَوْمًا نَعْبُدُ الْحِجَارَةَ وَالْأَوْثَانَ فَإِذَا رَأَيْنَا حَجَرًا أَحْسَنَ مِنْ حَجَرٍ أَلْقَيْنَاهُ وَأَخَذْنَا غَيْرَهُ ، وَلَا نَعْرِفُ رَبًّا ، حَتَّى بَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولًا مِنْ أَنْفُسِنَا ، فَدَعَانَا إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ ، فَاتَّبَعْنَاهُ ، وَلَمْ نَجِئْ لِطَعَامٍ ، وَأَمَرَنَا بِقِتَالِ عَدُوِّنَا مِمَّنْ تَرَكَ الْإِسْلَامَ ، وَلَمْ نَجِئْ لِطَعَامٍ ، وَلَكِنَّا جِئْنَا نَقْتُلُ مُقَاتِلَتَكُمْ ، وَنَسْبِي ذَرَارِيَّكُمْ .
فَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ ، فَإِنَّا كُنَّا لَعَمْرِي مَا نَجِدُ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ مَا نَشْبَعُ مِنْهُ ، وَرُبَّمَا لَمْ نَجِدْ رِيًّا مِنَ الْمَاءِ أَحْيَانًا ، فَجِئْنَا إِلَى أَرْضِكُمْ هَذِهِ ، فَوَجَدْنَا طَعَامًا كَثِيرًا ، فَلَا وَاللَّهِ لَا نَبْرَحُهَا حَتَّى تَكُونَ لَنَا أَوْ لَكُمْ . قَالَ الْعِلْجُ بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ : صَدَقَ ، وَأَنْتَ تُفْقَأُ عَيْنُكَ غَدًا - بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ - فَفُقِئَتْ عَيْنُهُ مِنَ الْغَدِ . أَصَابَتْهُ نُشَّابَةٌ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ .
فَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ ، فَإِنَّا كُنَّا لَعَمْرِي مَا نَجِدُ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ مَا نَشْبَعُ مِنْهُ ، وَرُبَّمَا لَمْ نَجِدْ رِيًّا مِنَ الْمَاءِ أَحْيَانًا ، فَجِئْنَا إِلَى أَرْضِكُمْ هَذِهِ ، فَوَجَدْنَا طَعَامًا كَثِيرًا ، فَلَا وَاللَّهِ لَا نَبْرَحُهَا حَتَّى تَكُونَ لَنَا أَوْ لَكُمْ . قَالَ الْعِلْجُ بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ : صَدَقَ ، وَأَنْتَ تُفْقَأُ عَيْنُكَ غَدًا - بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ - فَفُقِئَتْ عَيْنُهُ مِنَ الْغَدِ . أَصَابَتْهُ نُشَّابَةٌ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ .
Mu'awiyah bin Qurrah narrates from his father, Sayyiduna Qurrah (may Allah be pleased with him): On the day of al-Qadisiyyah, al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah was sent to the ruler of Persia. He said: "Send ten men with me." He fastened his garments on himself, took a shield with him, and set off until they came to him. He said to his companions: "Throw down a burnus (hooded cloak) for me", and he sat on it. The non-Arab chief said: "You Arabs, I know what has brought you to us. You are a people who do not find enough food in your lands to satisfy yourselves. So come, we will give you as much food as you need, for we are a Magian people and we dislike killing you, and you are defiling our land for us." Al-Mughirah said: "By Allah, that is not what has brought us. Rather, we were a people who worshipped stones and idols; when we saw a stone better than another, we threw the first away and took the other. We did not know any Lord, until Allah sent to us a Messenger from among ourselves. He invited us to Islam and we followed him. We have not come for food. He commanded us to fight those of our enemies who abandon Islam. We have not come for food; rather, we have come to kill your fighting men and take your offspring captive. As for the food you mentioned, by my life, we did not find enough food to satisfy ourselves, and at times we did not even find enough water to quench our thirst. Then we came to this land of yours and found plenty of food, so by Allah, we will not leave it until it becomes either ours or yours." The non-Arab chief said in Persian: "He has spoken the truth." Then he said in Persian: "Tomorrow your eye will be put out." And the next day his eye was put out; an arrow struck him.
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.
وَعَنْ أَبِي الصَّلْتِ قَالَ : كَتَبَ إِلَيْنَا عُمَرُ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - وَنَحْنُ مَعَ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ الْمُزَنِيِّ ، قَالَ : فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُ الْعَدُوَّ فَلَا تَفِرُّوا ، وَإِذَا غَنِمْتُمْ فَلَا تَغُلُّوا .
فَلَمَّا لَقِينَا الْعَدُوَّ ، قَالَ النُّعْمَانُ : أَمْهِلُوا الْقَوْمَ ، وَذَلِكَ يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ حَتَّى يَصْعَدَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَيَسْتَنْصِرَ ، فَقَاتَلَهُمْ ، فَانْقَضَّ النُّعْمَانُ ، فَقَالَ : سَجُّونِي ثَوْبًا ، وَأَقْبِلُوا عَلَى عَدُوِّكُمْ ، وَلَا أَهُولَنَّكُمْ . قَالَ : فَأَقْبَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْنَا ، وَأَتَى عُمَرَ الْخَبَرُ أَنَّهُ أُصِيبَ النُّعْمَانُ وَفُلَانٌ وَفُلَانٌ ، وَرِجَالٌ لَا نَعْرِفُهُمْ . قَالَ : وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْرِفُهُمْ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَإِسْنَادُهُ حَسَنٌ .
فَلَمَّا لَقِينَا الْعَدُوَّ ، قَالَ النُّعْمَانُ : أَمْهِلُوا الْقَوْمَ ، وَذَلِكَ يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ حَتَّى يَصْعَدَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَيَسْتَنْصِرَ ، فَقَاتَلَهُمْ ، فَانْقَضَّ النُّعْمَانُ ، فَقَالَ : سَجُّونِي ثَوْبًا ، وَأَقْبِلُوا عَلَى عَدُوِّكُمْ ، وَلَا أَهُولَنَّكُمْ . قَالَ : فَأَقْبَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْنَا ، وَأَتَى عُمَرَ الْخَبَرُ أَنَّهُ أُصِيبَ النُّعْمَانُ وَفُلَانٌ وَفُلَانٌ ، وَرِجَالٌ لَا نَعْرِفُهُمْ . قَالَ : وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْرِفُهُمْ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَإِسْنَادُهُ حَسَنٌ .
Abu al-Salt narrates: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to us while we were with Sayyiduna al-Nu'man bin Muqarrin al-Muzani (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: "When you meet the enemy, do not flee, and when you obtain spoils, do not steal from them." The narrator says: When we met the enemy, Sayyiduna al-Nu'man (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Give the people time." The narrator says: This was on a Friday. (Sayyiduna al-Nu'man (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Give them time) until the Commander of the Believers ascends the pulpit and prays for victory, then fight them. When Sayyiduna al-Nu'man (may Allah be pleased with him) was struck down, he said: "Cover me with a cloth, advance upon your enemy, and do not let me alarm you." The narrator says: So we advanced upon the enemy, and Allah Almighty granted us victory. When the news reached Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that al-Nu'man had been martyred, and so-and-so had been martyred, and so-and-so had been martyred, as well as men whom we do not know, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "But Allah Almighty knows them."
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its chain is hasan (good).
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its chain is hasan (good).
وَعَنْ مَعْقِلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ أَنَّ عُمَرَ شَاوَرَ الْهُرْمُزَانَ فِي أَصْبَهَانَ وَفَارِسَ وَأَذْرَبِيجَانَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، أَصْبَهَانُ الرَّأْسُ ، وَفَارِسُ وَأَذْرَبِيجَانُ الْجَنَاحَانِ ، فَإِنْ قَطَعْتَ أَحَدَ الْجَنَاحَيْنِ ثَارَ الرَّأْسُ بِالْجَنَاحِ الْآخَرِ ، وَإِنْ قَطَعْتَ الرَّأْسَ وَقَعَ الْجَنَاحَانِ فَابْدَأْ بِالرَّأْسِ .
فَدَخَلَ عُمَرُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِالنُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ الْمُزَنِيِّ يُصَلِّي فَانْتَظَرَهُ حَتَّى قَضَى صَلَاتَهُ ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي مُسْتَعْمِلُكَ ، فَقَالَ : أَمَّا جَابِيًا فَلَا ، وَأَمَا غَازِيًا فَنَعَمْ ، قَالَ : فَإِنَّكَ غَازٍ .
فَسَرَّحَهُمْ وَبَعَثَ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ أَنْ يَمُدُّوهُ وَيَلْحَقُوا بِهِ فِيهِمْ حُذَيْفَةُ بْنُ الْيَمَانِ ، وَالْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ ، وَالزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ ، وَالْأَشْعَثُ ، وَعَمْرُو بْنُ مَعْدِي كَرِبَ ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، فَأَتَاهُمُ النُّعْمَانُ ، وَبَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ نَهْرٌ .
فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمُ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ رَسُولًا ، وَمَلِكُهُمْ ذُو الْجَنَاحَيْنِ فَاسْتَشَارَ أَصْحَابَهُ ، فَقَالَ : مَا تَرَوْنَ أَجْلِسُ لَهُ فِي هَيْئَةِ الْحَرْبِ أَوْ فِي هَيْئَةِ الْمَلِكِ وَبَهْجَتِهِ ؟ فَقَالُوا : اقْعُدْ لَهُ فِي هَيْئَةِ الْمَلِكِ وَبَهْجَتِهِ . فَجَلَسَ لَهُ عَلَى هَيْئَةِ الْمَلِكِ وَبَهْجَتِهِ عَلَى سَرِيرٍ وَوَضَعَ التَّاجَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ، وَحَوْلَهُ سِمَاطَانِ عَلَيْهِمْ ثِيَابُ الدِّيبَاجِ وَالْقِرَطَةُ وَالْأَسْوِرَةُ ، فَأَخَذَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ يَضَعُ بَصَرَهُ ، وَبِيَدِهِ الرُّمْحُ وَالتُّرْسُ ، وَالنَّاسُ حَوْلَهُ عَلَى سِمَاطَيْنِ عَلَى بِسَاطٍ لَهُ ، فَجَعَلَ يَطْعَنُهُ بِرُمْحِهِ يَخْرِقُهُ لِكَيْ يَتَطَيَّرُونَ . فَقَالَ لَهُ ذُو الْجَنَاحَيْنِ : إِنَّكُمْ مَعْشَرَ الْعَرَبِ أَصَابَكُمْ جُوعٌ شَدِيدٌ ، فَإِذَا شِئْتُمْ مِرْنَاكُمْ ، وَرَجَعْتُمْ إِلَى بِلَادِكُمْ ؟ فَتَكَلَّمَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ : إِنَّا كُنَّا مَعْشَرَ الْعَرَبِ نَأْكُلُ الْجِيَفَ وَالْمَيْتَةِ ، وَكَانَ النَّاسُ يَطَئُونَا وَلَا نَطَؤُهُمْ ، فَابْتَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولًا فِي شَرَفٍ مِنَّا ، أَوْسَطَنَا حَسَبًا ، وَأَصْدَقَنَا حَدِيثًا ، وَإِنَّهُ وَعَدَنَا أَنَّا هَاهُنَا سَيُفْتَحُ عَلَيْنَا ، فَقَدْ وَجَدْنَا جَمِيعَ مَا وَعَدَنَا حَقًّا ، وَإِنِّي أَرَى هُنَا بِزَّةً وَهَيْئَةً مَا أَرَى أَنَّ مَنْ بَعْدِي بِذَاهِبِينَ حَتَّى يَأْخُذُوهُ .
قَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ : فَقَالَتْ لِي نَفْسِي : لَوْ جَمَعْتَ جَرَامِيزَكَ ، فَوَثَبْتُ وَثْبَةً فَجَلَسْتُ مَعَهُ عَلَى السَّرِيرِ ، فَزَجَرُوهُ وَوَطِئُوهُ ، فَقُلْتُ : أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُ أَنَا اسْتَحْمَقْتُ ، فَإِنَّ هَذَا لَا يُفْعَلُ بِالرُّسُلِ ، وَلَا نَفْعَلُ هَذَا بِرُسُلِكُمْ إِذَا أَتَوْنَا .
فَقَالَ : إِنْ شِئْتُمْ قَطَعْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ ، وَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ قَطَعْتُمْ إِلَيْنَا ؟ فَقُلْتُ : بَلْ نَقْطَعُ إِلَيْكُمْ ، فَقَطَعْنَا إِلَيْهِمْ فَصَافَفْنَاهُمْ ، فَسَلْسَلُوا كُلَّ سَبْعَةٍ فِي سِلْسِلَةٍ ، وَكُلَّ خَمْسَةٍ فِي سِلْسِلَةٍ ; لِئَلَّا يَفِرُّوا .
قَالَ : فَرَامُونَا حَتَّى أَسْرَعُوا فِينَا ، فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ لِلنُّعْمَانِ : إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ أَسْرَعُوا فِينَا فَاحْمِلْ ، قَالَ : إِنَّكَ ذُو مَنَاقِبَ ، وَقَدْ شَهِدْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِذَا لَمْ نُقَاتِلْ أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ أَخَّرَ الْقِتَالَ حَتَّى تَزُولَ الشَّمْسُ ، وَتَهُبَّ الرِّيَاحُ ، وَيَنْزِلَ النَّصْرُ .
فَقَالَ النُّعْمَانُ : يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، اهْتَزُّوا ، فَأَمَّا الْهِزَّةُ الْأُولَى فَلْيَقْضِ الرَّجُلُ حَاجَتَهُ ، وَأَمَّا الثَّانِيَةُ فَلْيَنْظُرِ الرَّجُلُ فِي سِلَاحِهِ وَشِسْعِهِ ، وَأَمَّا الثَّالِثَةُ فَإِنِّي حَامِلٌ فَاحْمِلُوا ، وَإِنْ قُتِلَ أَحَدٌ فَلَا يَلْوِي أَحَدٌ عَلَى أَحَدٍ ، وَإِنْ قُتِلْتُ فَلَا تَلْوُوا عَلَيَّ ، وَإِنِّي دَاعِي اللَّهَ بِدَعْوَتِي فَعَزَمْتُ عَلَى كُلِّ امْرِئٍ مِنْكُمْ لَمَّا أَمَّنَ عَلَيْهَا ، فَقَالَ : اللَّهُمَّ ارْزُقِ النُّعْمَانَ الْيَوْمَ شَهَادَةً بِنَصْرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، وَافْتَحْ عَلَيْهِمْ ، فَأَمَّنَ الْقَوْمُ .
وَهَزَّ لِوَاءَهُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ، ثُمَّ حَمَلَ ، وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ صَرِيعٍ ، فَمَرَرْتُ بِهِ فَذَكَرْتُ عَزْمَتَهُ فَلَمْ أَلْوِ عَلَيْهِ ، وَأَعْلَمْتُ مَكَانَهُ ، فَكَانَ إِذَا قَتَلْنَا رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ شُغِلَ عَنَّا أَصْحَابُهُ يَجُرُّونَهُ ، وَوَقَعَ ذُو الْجَنَاحَيْنِ مِنْ بَغْلَةٍ شَهْبَاءَ فَانْشَقَّ بَطْنُهُ ، فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ .
فَأَتَيْتُ مَكَانَ النُّعْمَانِ وَبِهِ رَمَقٌ فَأَتَيْتُهُ ، فَقُلْتُ : فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ ، فَقَالَ : الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ، اكْتُبُوا بِذَلِكَ إِلَى عُمَرَ ، وَفَاضَتْ نَفْسُهُ ، فَاجْتَمَعُوا إِلَى الْأَشْعَثِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ ، قَالَ : فَأَتَيْنَا أُمَّ وَلَدِهِ ، فَقُلْنَا : هَلْ عَهِدَ إِلَيْكِ عَهْدًا ؟ قَالَتْ : لَا ، إِلَّا سَفَطًا فِيهِ كِتَابٌ ، فَقَرَأْتُهُ فَإِذَا فِيهِ : إِنْ قُتِلَ فُلَانٌ فَفُلَانٌ ، وَإِنْ قُتِلَ فُلَانٌ فَفُلَانٌ ، وَإِنْ قُتِلَ فُلَانٌ فَفُلَانٌ .
قَالَ حَمَّادٌ : فَحَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيُّ أَنَّهُ أَتَى عُمَرَ ، فَسَأَلَ عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ ، قَالَ : إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ ، قَالَ : مَا فَعَلَ فُلَانٌ ؟ قُلْتُ : قُتِلَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَآخَرُونَ لَا نَعْرِفُهُمْ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : وَأَنَا لَا أَعْلَمُهُمْ ، وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَعْلَمُهُمْ .
قُلْتُ : فِي الصَّحِيحِ طَرَفٌ مِنْهُ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُ مِنْ أَوَّلِهِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : فَحَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ . رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ غَيْرَ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُزَنِيِّ ، وَهُوَ ثِقَةٌ .
فَدَخَلَ عُمَرُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِالنُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ الْمُزَنِيِّ يُصَلِّي فَانْتَظَرَهُ حَتَّى قَضَى صَلَاتَهُ ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي مُسْتَعْمِلُكَ ، فَقَالَ : أَمَّا جَابِيًا فَلَا ، وَأَمَا غَازِيًا فَنَعَمْ ، قَالَ : فَإِنَّكَ غَازٍ .
فَسَرَّحَهُمْ وَبَعَثَ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ أَنْ يَمُدُّوهُ وَيَلْحَقُوا بِهِ فِيهِمْ حُذَيْفَةُ بْنُ الْيَمَانِ ، وَالْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ ، وَالزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ ، وَالْأَشْعَثُ ، وَعَمْرُو بْنُ مَعْدِي كَرِبَ ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، فَأَتَاهُمُ النُّعْمَانُ ، وَبَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ نَهْرٌ .
فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمُ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ رَسُولًا ، وَمَلِكُهُمْ ذُو الْجَنَاحَيْنِ فَاسْتَشَارَ أَصْحَابَهُ ، فَقَالَ : مَا تَرَوْنَ أَجْلِسُ لَهُ فِي هَيْئَةِ الْحَرْبِ أَوْ فِي هَيْئَةِ الْمَلِكِ وَبَهْجَتِهِ ؟ فَقَالُوا : اقْعُدْ لَهُ فِي هَيْئَةِ الْمَلِكِ وَبَهْجَتِهِ . فَجَلَسَ لَهُ عَلَى هَيْئَةِ الْمَلِكِ وَبَهْجَتِهِ عَلَى سَرِيرٍ وَوَضَعَ التَّاجَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ، وَحَوْلَهُ سِمَاطَانِ عَلَيْهِمْ ثِيَابُ الدِّيبَاجِ وَالْقِرَطَةُ وَالْأَسْوِرَةُ ، فَأَخَذَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ يَضَعُ بَصَرَهُ ، وَبِيَدِهِ الرُّمْحُ وَالتُّرْسُ ، وَالنَّاسُ حَوْلَهُ عَلَى سِمَاطَيْنِ عَلَى بِسَاطٍ لَهُ ، فَجَعَلَ يَطْعَنُهُ بِرُمْحِهِ يَخْرِقُهُ لِكَيْ يَتَطَيَّرُونَ . فَقَالَ لَهُ ذُو الْجَنَاحَيْنِ : إِنَّكُمْ مَعْشَرَ الْعَرَبِ أَصَابَكُمْ جُوعٌ شَدِيدٌ ، فَإِذَا شِئْتُمْ مِرْنَاكُمْ ، وَرَجَعْتُمْ إِلَى بِلَادِكُمْ ؟ فَتَكَلَّمَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ : إِنَّا كُنَّا مَعْشَرَ الْعَرَبِ نَأْكُلُ الْجِيَفَ وَالْمَيْتَةِ ، وَكَانَ النَّاسُ يَطَئُونَا وَلَا نَطَؤُهُمْ ، فَابْتَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولًا فِي شَرَفٍ مِنَّا ، أَوْسَطَنَا حَسَبًا ، وَأَصْدَقَنَا حَدِيثًا ، وَإِنَّهُ وَعَدَنَا أَنَّا هَاهُنَا سَيُفْتَحُ عَلَيْنَا ، فَقَدْ وَجَدْنَا جَمِيعَ مَا وَعَدَنَا حَقًّا ، وَإِنِّي أَرَى هُنَا بِزَّةً وَهَيْئَةً مَا أَرَى أَنَّ مَنْ بَعْدِي بِذَاهِبِينَ حَتَّى يَأْخُذُوهُ .
قَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ : فَقَالَتْ لِي نَفْسِي : لَوْ جَمَعْتَ جَرَامِيزَكَ ، فَوَثَبْتُ وَثْبَةً فَجَلَسْتُ مَعَهُ عَلَى السَّرِيرِ ، فَزَجَرُوهُ وَوَطِئُوهُ ، فَقُلْتُ : أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُ أَنَا اسْتَحْمَقْتُ ، فَإِنَّ هَذَا لَا يُفْعَلُ بِالرُّسُلِ ، وَلَا نَفْعَلُ هَذَا بِرُسُلِكُمْ إِذَا أَتَوْنَا .
فَقَالَ : إِنْ شِئْتُمْ قَطَعْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ ، وَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ قَطَعْتُمْ إِلَيْنَا ؟ فَقُلْتُ : بَلْ نَقْطَعُ إِلَيْكُمْ ، فَقَطَعْنَا إِلَيْهِمْ فَصَافَفْنَاهُمْ ، فَسَلْسَلُوا كُلَّ سَبْعَةٍ فِي سِلْسِلَةٍ ، وَكُلَّ خَمْسَةٍ فِي سِلْسِلَةٍ ; لِئَلَّا يَفِرُّوا .
قَالَ : فَرَامُونَا حَتَّى أَسْرَعُوا فِينَا ، فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ لِلنُّعْمَانِ : إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ أَسْرَعُوا فِينَا فَاحْمِلْ ، قَالَ : إِنَّكَ ذُو مَنَاقِبَ ، وَقَدْ شَهِدْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِذَا لَمْ نُقَاتِلْ أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ أَخَّرَ الْقِتَالَ حَتَّى تَزُولَ الشَّمْسُ ، وَتَهُبَّ الرِّيَاحُ ، وَيَنْزِلَ النَّصْرُ .
فَقَالَ النُّعْمَانُ : يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، اهْتَزُّوا ، فَأَمَّا الْهِزَّةُ الْأُولَى فَلْيَقْضِ الرَّجُلُ حَاجَتَهُ ، وَأَمَّا الثَّانِيَةُ فَلْيَنْظُرِ الرَّجُلُ فِي سِلَاحِهِ وَشِسْعِهِ ، وَأَمَّا الثَّالِثَةُ فَإِنِّي حَامِلٌ فَاحْمِلُوا ، وَإِنْ قُتِلَ أَحَدٌ فَلَا يَلْوِي أَحَدٌ عَلَى أَحَدٍ ، وَإِنْ قُتِلْتُ فَلَا تَلْوُوا عَلَيَّ ، وَإِنِّي دَاعِي اللَّهَ بِدَعْوَتِي فَعَزَمْتُ عَلَى كُلِّ امْرِئٍ مِنْكُمْ لَمَّا أَمَّنَ عَلَيْهَا ، فَقَالَ : اللَّهُمَّ ارْزُقِ النُّعْمَانَ الْيَوْمَ شَهَادَةً بِنَصْرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، وَافْتَحْ عَلَيْهِمْ ، فَأَمَّنَ الْقَوْمُ .
وَهَزَّ لِوَاءَهُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ، ثُمَّ حَمَلَ ، وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ صَرِيعٍ ، فَمَرَرْتُ بِهِ فَذَكَرْتُ عَزْمَتَهُ فَلَمْ أَلْوِ عَلَيْهِ ، وَأَعْلَمْتُ مَكَانَهُ ، فَكَانَ إِذَا قَتَلْنَا رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ شُغِلَ عَنَّا أَصْحَابُهُ يَجُرُّونَهُ ، وَوَقَعَ ذُو الْجَنَاحَيْنِ مِنْ بَغْلَةٍ شَهْبَاءَ فَانْشَقَّ بَطْنُهُ ، فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ .
فَأَتَيْتُ مَكَانَ النُّعْمَانِ وَبِهِ رَمَقٌ فَأَتَيْتُهُ ، فَقُلْتُ : فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ ، فَقَالَ : الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ، اكْتُبُوا بِذَلِكَ إِلَى عُمَرَ ، وَفَاضَتْ نَفْسُهُ ، فَاجْتَمَعُوا إِلَى الْأَشْعَثِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ ، قَالَ : فَأَتَيْنَا أُمَّ وَلَدِهِ ، فَقُلْنَا : هَلْ عَهِدَ إِلَيْكِ عَهْدًا ؟ قَالَتْ : لَا ، إِلَّا سَفَطًا فِيهِ كِتَابٌ ، فَقَرَأْتُهُ فَإِذَا فِيهِ : إِنْ قُتِلَ فُلَانٌ فَفُلَانٌ ، وَإِنْ قُتِلَ فُلَانٌ فَفُلَانٌ ، وَإِنْ قُتِلَ فُلَانٌ فَفُلَانٌ .
قَالَ حَمَّادٌ : فَحَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيُّ أَنَّهُ أَتَى عُمَرَ ، فَسَأَلَ عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ ، قَالَ : إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ ، قَالَ : مَا فَعَلَ فُلَانٌ ؟ قُلْتُ : قُتِلَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَآخَرُونَ لَا نَعْرِفُهُمْ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : وَأَنَا لَا أَعْلَمُهُمْ ، وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَعْلَمُهُمْ .
قُلْتُ : فِي الصَّحِيحِ طَرَفٌ مِنْهُ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُ مِنْ أَوَّلِهِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : فَحَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ . رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ غَيْرَ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُزَنِيِّ ، وَهُوَ ثِقَةٌ .
Sayyiduna Ma'qil bin Yasar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) consulted al-Hurmuzan about Isfahan, Fars and Azerbaijan. He said: "O Commander of the Believers, Isfahan is the head, and Fars and Azerbaijan are the two wings. If you cut off one of the wings, the head will rise up with the other wing; but if you cut off the head, the two wings will fall. So begin with the head." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) entered the mosque, and there was Sayyiduna al-Nu'man bin Muqarrin al-Muzani (may Allah be pleased with him) praying. He waited for him until he had finished his prayer, then said: "I want to appoint you to office." He said: "As a tax collector, no; as a fighter, yes." Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Then you are a fighter." He dispatched them and sent word to the people of Kufah to reinforce him and join him. Among them were Sayyiduna Hudhayfah bin al-Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna al-Zubayr bin al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna al-Ash'ath (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Amr bin Ma'dikarib (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna al-Nu'man (may Allah be pleased with him) came to them (the enemy), and between him and them there was a river. He sent Sayyiduna al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) to them as an envoy. Their king was Dhu al-Janahayn. He consulted his companions and said: "What do you think: should I sit for him in the manner of war, or in the manner of a king and his splendour?" They said: "Sit for him in the manner of a king and his splendour." So he sat for him in the manner of a king and his splendour, upon a throne, and placed the crown on his head. Around him were two rows of men wearing brocade garments, earrings and bracelets. Sayyiduna al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) began to look about, with a spear and a shield in his hand, while the people around him sat in two rows on a carpet of his. He began piercing the carpet with his spear, tearing it, so that they would take it as an ill omen. Dhu al-Janahayn said to him: "You Arabs have been struck by severe hunger. If you wish, we will give you provisions, and you go back to your lands." Sayyiduna al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) spoke; he praised and extolled Allah, then said: "We Arabs used to eat carrion and dead animals. People used to trample us and we did not trample them. Then Allah sent to us a Messenger from a noble lineage among us, the most central of us in descent and the most truthful of us in speech. He promised us that this place would be conquered for us, and we have found everything he promised us to be true. I see here finery and splendour, and I do not think that those who come after me will leave until they take it." Sayyiduna al-Mughirah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: My soul said to me: "What if you gathered yourself together?" So I leapt and sat with him on the throne. They rebuked me and trampled me. I said: "Even if I acted foolishly, this is not done to envoys, and we do not do this to your envoys when they come to us." He said: "If you wish, we will cross over to you, and if you wish, you cross over to us." I said: "Rather, we will cross over to you." So we crossed over to them and formed ranks against them. They chained every seven men together in one chain and every five men in one chain so that they would not flee. The narrator says: They shot arrows at us until they hit us hard. Sayyiduna al-Mughirah (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Sayyiduna al-Nu'man (may Allah be pleased with him): "The enemy are hitting us hard, so launch the attack." He said: "You are a man of many merits, but I took part (in battle) with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him); when we did not fight at the beginning of the day, he would delay the fighting until the sun had passed its zenith, the winds blew and help descended." Then Sayyiduna al-Nu'man (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O people, get ready. At the first shake (of the banner), let each man attend to his needs. At the second, let each man check his weapon and his sandal strap. At the third, I will charge, so charge with me. If anyone is killed, let no one turn aside for anyone, and if I am killed, do not turn aside for me. I am going to make a supplication to Allah, and I adjure every one of you to say Amin to it." Then he said: "O Allah, grant al-Nu'man martyrdom today along with victory for the Muslims, and grant them conquest." The people said Amin. He shook his banner three times, then charged, and he was the first to fall. I passed by him, remembered his instruction, and did not turn aside to him, but I marked his place. Whenever we killed a man from among them, his companions would be busy with him, dragging him away, instead of with us. Dhu al-Janahayn fell from a grey mule and his belly split open, and Allah granted the Muslims victory. I came to the place of Sayyiduna al-Nu'man (may Allah be pleased with him), and there was still a spark of life in him. I went to him and said: "Allah has granted them victory." He said: "All praise belongs to Allah. Write to Umar about it." Then he breathed his last. The people gathered around Sayyiduna al-Ash'ath bin Qays (may Allah be pleased with him). The narrator says: We went to his umm walad and asked: "Did he leave any instruction with you?" She said: "No, except a basket containing a document." I read it, and in it was written: If so-and-so is killed, then so-and-so (is commander); if so-and-so is killed, then so-and-so; and if so-and-so is killed, then so-and-so. Hammad said: Ali bin Zayd narrated to us: Abu Uthman al-Nahdi narrated to us that he came to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), who asked him about al-Nu'man and said: "Inna lillahi wa inna ilayhi raji'un (We belong to Allah and to Him we return)." Then he asked: "What happened to so-and-so?" I said: "He was killed, O Commander of the Believers, along with others whom we do not know." He said: "I do not know them, but Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, knows them." (Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: part of this narration is in the Sahih.
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators, from its beginning up to his words "Ali bin Zayd narrated to us", are the narrators of the Sahih, except Alqamah bin Abdullah al-Muzani, and he is thiqah (trustworthy).
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators, from its beginning up to his words "Ali bin Zayd narrated to us", are the narrators of the Sahih, except Alqamah bin Abdullah al-Muzani, and he is thiqah (trustworthy).
