مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب العتق
Book of Freeing Slaves
بَابٌ فِيمَنْ فَرَّ مِنْ عَبِيدِ أَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ إِلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَسْلَمَ وَمَوْلَاهُ كَافِرٌ .
A slave of the enemy at war who flees to the Muslims and accepts Islam while his master is a disbeliever
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عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - كَانَ يُعْتِقُ مَنْ جَاءَهُ مِنَ الْعَبِيدِ قَبْلَ مَوَالِيهِمْ إِذَا أَسْلَمُوا . وَقَدْ أَعْتَقَ يَوْمَ الطَّائِفِ رَجُلَيْنِ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: Any slave who came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) before his masters accepted Islam, he would declare him free. On the occasion of the Battle of Ta'if, he (peace and blessings be upon him) declared two men free.
وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَوْمَ الطَّائِفِ : " مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْعَبِيدِ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ " . فَخَرَجَ عَبِيدٌ مِنَ الْعَبِيدِ فِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكَرَةَ فَأَعْتَقَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - .
رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ ( بِاخْتِصَارٍ ) ، وَفِيهِ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ ، وَهُوَ ثِقَةٌ ، وَلَكِنَّهُ مُدَلِّسٌ .
رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ ( بِاخْتِصَارٍ ) ، وَفِيهِ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ ، وَهُوَ ثِقَةٌ ، وَلَكِنَّهُ مُدَلِّسٌ .
In one narration the words are: The narrator says: On the day of the Battle of Ta'if, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Any slave who comes out will be deemed free. So some slaves came out, among them Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) declared them free.
Ahmad recorded it, and al-Tabarani recorded it in abridged form; its chain contains a narrator, al-Hajjaj bin Artah, who is thiqah (trustworthy), but he is a mudallis.
Ahmad recorded it, and al-Tabarani recorded it in abridged form; its chain contains a narrator, al-Hajjaj bin Artah, who is thiqah (trustworthy), but he is a mudallis.
وَعَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ ثَقِيفٍ قَالَ : سَأَلْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ثَلَاثًا فَلَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَنَا ، فَقُلْنَا : إِنَّ أَرْضَنَا أَرْضٌ بَارِدَةٌ ، فَسَأَلْنَاهُ أَنْ يُرَخِّصَ لَنَا فِي الطُّهْرِ فَلَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَنَا ، وَسَأَلْنَاهُ أَنْ يُرَخِّصَ لَنَا فِي الدُّبَّاءِ فَلَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَنَا ، وَسَأَلْنَاهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّ إِلَيْنَا أَبَا بَكَرَةَ فَأَبَى وَقَالَ : " هُوَ طَلِيقُ اللَّهِ وَطَلِيقُ رَسُولِهِ " . وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكَرَةَ خَرَجَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حِينَ حَاصَرَ الطَّائِفَ فَأَسْلَمَ .
Imam al-Sha'bi reports this account from a man of the Thaqif tribe: We made three requests of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), but he did not grant us a concession. We said: Our land is a cold land, and we asked him to grant us a concession regarding purification, but the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not grant us a concession. We requested that he grant us a concession to use the dubba' (gourd vessel), but the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not permit us that. We asked him to return Abu Bakrah to us, but he did not accept this either; he said: He is freed in the name of Allah and freed in the name of His Messenger. The narrator says: Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) had come out to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was besieging Ta'if, and Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) had accepted Islam.
وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي فُلَانٌ الثَّقَفِيُّ قَالَ : سَأَلْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَنْ ثَلَاثٍ فَلَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَنَا فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْهُنَّ ؛ سَأَلْنَاهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّ إِلَيْنَا أَبَا بَكَرَةَ ، وَكَانَ مَمْلُوكًا فَأَسْلَمَ قَبْلَنَا وَقَالَ : " لَا ، هُوَ طَلِيقُ اللَّهِ ، ثُمَّ طَلِيقُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - " فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ .
رَوَاهُ كُلَّهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
رَوَاهُ كُلَّهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
In one narration the words are: So-and-so al-Thaqafi told me; he says: We made requests of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding three things, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not grant us a concession in any of them. We asked him to return Abu Bakrah to us, since he was formerly a slave and had accepted Islam before us. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: No! He is freed by Allah Almighty, and then after that freed by the Messenger of Allah. After this, the narrator mentioned the hadith as before. Ahmad recorded all these narrations, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكَرَةَ أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ، وَهُوَ مُحَاصِرٌ أَهْلَ الطَّائِفِ بِثَلَاثَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ عَبْدًا فَأَعْتَقَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَهُمُ الَّذِينَ يُقَالُ لَهُمْ : عُتَقَاءُ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُ رِجَالُ الصَّحِيحِ .
Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that he went out to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) while the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was besieging Ta'if. They were twenty-three slaves who came out to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him); the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) declared them free, and these are the people who are called "Utaqa'" (the freed ones).
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.
Al-Tabarani recorded it, and its narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ : لَمَّا نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِلَى الطَّائِفِ أَمَرَ مُنَادِيًا فَنَادَى : " أَيَّمَا عَبْدٍ خَرَجَ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ " فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ عَبْدَانِ فَأَعْتَقَهُمَا .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ أَبُو شَيْبَةَ ، وَهُوَ مَتْرُوكٌ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ أَبُو شَيْبَةَ ، وَهُوَ مَتْرُوكٌ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) encamped near Ta'if, he ordered a caller, who announced: Any slave who comes out will be deemed free. So two slaves came out to him, and he declared both of them free.
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Ibrahim bin Uthman Abu Shaybah, who is matruk (abandoned).
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Ibrahim bin Uthman Abu Shaybah, who is matruk (abandoned).
وَعَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ : تَدَلَّى عَبْدٌ مِنْ حِصْنِ الطَّائِفِ فَجَاءَهُ مَوْلَاهُ فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ رُدَّ عَلَيَّ غُلَامِي . فَقَالَ : " إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا أَسْلَمَ قَبْلَ مَوْلَاهُ لَمْ يُرَدَّ إِلَيْهِ ، وَإِذَا أَسْلَمَ الْمَوْلَى ، ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ الْعَبْدُ دُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ " .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ وَجِيهٍ ، وَهُوَ مَتْرُوكٌ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ وَجِيهٍ ، وَهُوَ مَتْرُوكٌ .
Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: A slave climbed down from the fortress of Ta'if. His master also came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! Return my slave to me. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: When a slave accepts Islam before his master, he is not returned to him; and when the master has accepted Islam and the slave accepts Islam afterwards, then he is handed over to the master.
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Umar bin Ibrahim bin Wajih, who is matruk (abandoned).
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Umar bin Ibrahim bin Wajih, who is matruk (abandoned).
وَعَنْ غَيْلَانَ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ الثَّقَفِيِّ : أَنَّ نَافِعًا كَانَ عَبْدًا لِغَيْلَانَ فَفَرَّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَغَيْلَانُ مُشْرِكٌ فَأَسْلَمَ غَيْلَانُ فَرَدَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَيْهِ وَلَاءَهُ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ ، وَحَدِيثُهُ حَسَنٌ ، وَفِيهِ ضَعْفٌ ، وَبَقِيَّةُ رِجَالِهِ ثِقَاتٌ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ ، وَحَدِيثُهُ حَسَنٌ ، وَفِيهِ ضَعْفٌ ، وَبَقِيَّةُ رِجَالِهِ ثِقَاتٌ .
Sayyiduna Ghaylan bin Salamah al-Thaqafi (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Nafi' was the slave of Sayyiduna Ghaylan (may Allah be pleased with him). He fled to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), while Sayyiduna Ghaylan (may Allah be pleased with him) was at that time a polytheist. Later Sayyiduna Ghaylan (may Allah be pleased with him) accepted Islam, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned the wala' (right of patronage) of Nafi' to Sayyiduna Ghaylan (may Allah be pleased with him).
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Ibn Lahi'ah, whose hadith is hasan (good), though there is weakness in him; the rest of its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
Al-Tabarani recorded it; its chain contains a narrator, Ibn Lahi'ah, whose hadith is hasan (good), though there is weakness in him; the rest of its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
