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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب الجهاد
Book of Jihad
بَابُ تَدْوِينِ الْعَطَاءِ .
Registering state stipends
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 9771
اُردوEn
عَنْ نَاشِرِ بْنِ سُمَيٍّ الْيَزَنِيِّ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ يَوْمَ الْجَابِيَةِ ، وَهُوَ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ : إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ جَعَلَنِي خَازِنًا لِهَذَا الْمَالِ وَقَاسِمَهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : بَلِ اللَّهُ يَقْسِمُهُ ، وَأَنَا بَادِئٌ بِأَهْلِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ثُمَّ أَشْرَفِهِمْ .
فَفَرَضَ لِأَزْوَاجِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَشَرَةَ آلَافٍ ، إِلَّا جُوَيْرِيَّةَ وَصَفِيَّةَ وَمَيْمُونَةَ . قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - كَانَ يَعْدِلُ بَيْنَنَا ، فَعَدَلَ بَيْنَهُنَّ عُمَرُ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : إِنِّي بَادِئٌ بِأَصْحَابِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ ; فَإِنَّا أُخْرِجْنَا مِنْ دِيَارِنَا ظُلْمًا وَعُدْوَانًا ، ثُمَّ أَشْرَفِهِمْ ، فَفَرَضَ لِأَهْلِ بَدْرٍ مِنْهُمْ خَمْسَةَ آلَافٍ ، وَلِمَنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافٍ ، وَفَرَضَ لِمَنْ شَهِدَ أُحُدًا ثَلَاثَةَ آلَافٍ .
قَالَ : وَمَنْ أَسْرَعَ بِالْهِجْرَةِ ، أَسْرَعَ بِهِ الْعَطَاءُ ، وَمَنْ أَبْطَأَ بِالْهِجْرَةِ ، أَبْطَأَ بِهِ الْعَطَاءُ ، فَلَا يَلُومَنَّ امْرُؤٌ إِلَّا مُنَاخَ رَاحِلَتِهِ .
وَإِنِّي أَعْتَذِرُ إِلَيْكُمْ مِنْ عَزْلِ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ ، إِنِّي أَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ يَحْبِسَ هَذَا الْمَالَ عَلَى ضَعَفَةِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ ، فَأَعْطَاهُ ذَا الْبَأْسِ ، وَذَا الشَّرَفِ ، وَذَا اللِّسَانِ ، فَنَزَعْتُهُ ، وَوَلَّيْتُ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ .
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ حَفْصٍ : وَاللَّهِ ، مَا أَعْذَرْتَ يَا عُمَرُ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ، لَقَدْ نَزَعْتَ عَامِلًا اسْتَعْمَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَغَمَدْتَ سَيْفًا سَلَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَوَضَعْتَ لِوَاءً نَصَبَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - [ وَلَقَدْ قَطَعْتَ الرَّحِمَ ] وَحَسَدْتَ ابْنَ الْعَمِّ .
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ : إِنَّكَ قَرِيبُ الْقَرَابَةِ ، حَدِيثُ السِّنِّ ، مُعَصَّبٌ فِي ابْنِ عَمِّكَ . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
فَفَرَضَ لِأَزْوَاجِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَشَرَةَ آلَافٍ ، إِلَّا جُوَيْرِيَّةَ وَصَفِيَّةَ وَمَيْمُونَةَ . قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - كَانَ يَعْدِلُ بَيْنَنَا ، فَعَدَلَ بَيْنَهُنَّ عُمَرُ .
ثُمَّ قَالَ : إِنِّي بَادِئٌ بِأَصْحَابِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ ; فَإِنَّا أُخْرِجْنَا مِنْ دِيَارِنَا ظُلْمًا وَعُدْوَانًا ، ثُمَّ أَشْرَفِهِمْ ، فَفَرَضَ لِأَهْلِ بَدْرٍ مِنْهُمْ خَمْسَةَ آلَافٍ ، وَلِمَنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافٍ ، وَفَرَضَ لِمَنْ شَهِدَ أُحُدًا ثَلَاثَةَ آلَافٍ .
قَالَ : وَمَنْ أَسْرَعَ بِالْهِجْرَةِ ، أَسْرَعَ بِهِ الْعَطَاءُ ، وَمَنْ أَبْطَأَ بِالْهِجْرَةِ ، أَبْطَأَ بِهِ الْعَطَاءُ ، فَلَا يَلُومَنَّ امْرُؤٌ إِلَّا مُنَاخَ رَاحِلَتِهِ .
وَإِنِّي أَعْتَذِرُ إِلَيْكُمْ مِنْ عَزْلِ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ ، إِنِّي أَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ يَحْبِسَ هَذَا الْمَالَ عَلَى ضَعَفَةِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ ، فَأَعْطَاهُ ذَا الْبَأْسِ ، وَذَا الشَّرَفِ ، وَذَا اللِّسَانِ ، فَنَزَعْتُهُ ، وَوَلَّيْتُ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ .
فَقَالَ أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ حَفْصٍ : وَاللَّهِ ، مَا أَعْذَرْتَ يَا عُمَرُ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ، لَقَدْ نَزَعْتَ عَامِلًا اسْتَعْمَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَغَمَدْتَ سَيْفًا سَلَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَوَضَعْتَ لِوَاءً نَصَبَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - [ وَلَقَدْ قَطَعْتَ الرَّحِمَ ] وَحَسَدْتَ ابْنَ الْعَمِّ .
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ : إِنَّكَ قَرِيبُ الْقَرَابَةِ ، حَدِيثُ السِّنِّ ، مُعَصَّبٌ فِي ابْنِ عَمِّكَ . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ ، وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ .
Nashir bin Sumayy al-Yazani narrates: On the day of al-Jabiyah I heard Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) while he was addressing the people. (He said:) Indeed, Allah Almighty has made me the treasurer and the distributor of this wealth. Then he said: Rather, Allah Almighty is the One who distributes it. I will begin with the family of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then with the most honoured of the people. So he fixed ten thousand as the allowance for the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), except that the case of Sayyidah Juwayriyah (may Allah be pleased with her), Sayyidah Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) and Sayyidah Maymunah (may Allah be pleased with her) was different. Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to treat us equally, so Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) has also treated these wives equally. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I will begin first with the earliest Muhajirun, for we were driven out of our homes unjustly and aggressively, and then those of them who are most honoured. So he fixed five thousand for those of these Muhajirun who were at Badr, four thousand for those of the Ansar who took part in the Battle of Badr, and three thousand for whoever took part in the Battle of Uhud. He said: Whoever migrated early will receive more, and whoever migrated late will receive less, so let a man blame only the place where his mount was tethered. And I am about to give you my excuse for dismissing Khalid bin al-Walid. I had ordered him to keep this wealth for the poor Muhajirun, but he gave it to people of power, people of rank and people of eloquence, so I removed him and appointed Abu Ubaydah as governor. Then Abu Amr bin Hafs said: By Allah! O Umar bin al-Khattab, this is no excuse. You have dismissed an official whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed, you have sheathed a sword that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) drew, and you have lowered a banner that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) raised. You have violated the rights of kinship and envied your cousin. Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You are a close relative, you are young in age, and you are partisan in favour of your cousin.
This narration has been recorded by Ahmad, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
This narration has been recorded by Ahmad, and its narrators are thiqat (trustworthy).
