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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب الخلافة
Book of the Caliphate
بَابُ لَا طَاعَةَ فِي مَعْصِيَةٍ .
There is no obedience in disobedience to Allah
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 9145
اُردوEn
وَعَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فَقَالَ عُبَادَةُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ لِأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ : يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ إِنَّكَ لَمْ تَكُنْ مَعَنَا إِذْ بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ( إِنَّا بَايَعْنَاهُ ) عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي النَّشَاطِ وَالْكَسَلِ ، وَعَلَى النَّفَقَةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ ، وَعَلَى الْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَعَلَى أَنْ نَقُولَ فِي اللَّهِ - تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى - وَلَا نَخَافَ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ فِيهِ وَأَنْ نَنْصُرَ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِذَا قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا يَثْرِبَ فَنَمْنَعُهُ مِمَّا نَمْنَعُ مِنْهُ أَنْفُسَنَا وَأَبْنَاءَنَا وَأَزْوَاجَنَا وَلَنَا الْجَنَّةُ فَهَذِهِ بَيْعَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الَّتِي بَايَعَنَا عَلَيْهَا فَمَنْ نَكَثَ فَإِنَّمَا يَنْكُثُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ أَوْفَى بِمَا عَاهَدَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَفَى اللَّهُ - تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى - لَهُ بِمَا بَايَعَ عَلَيْهِ نَبِيَّهُ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ .
فَكَتَبَ مُعَاوِيَةُ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ أَنَّ عُبَادَةَ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ قَدْ أَفْسَدَ عَلَيَّ الشَّامَ وَأَهْلَهُ ، فَإِمَّا أَنْ تَكُفَّ عَنِّي عُبَادَةَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ أُخَلِّيَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الشَّامِ .
فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ رَحِّلْ عُبَادَةَ حَتَّى تُرْجِعَهُ إِلَى دَارِهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ ، فَبَعَثَ بِعُبَادَةَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَى عُثْمَانَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فِي الدَّارِ وَلَيْسَ فِي الدَّارِ غَيْرُ رَجُلٍ مِنَ السَّابِقِينَ - أَوْ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ - قَدْ أَدْرَكَ الْقَوْمَ فَلَمْ يَفْجَأْ عُثْمَانَ إِلَّا وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ فِي جَانِبِ الدَّارِ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ : يَا عُبَادَةُ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ مَالَنَا وَلَكَ ؟ فَقَامَ عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيِ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ مُحَمَّدًا ( إِنَّهُ ) يَقُولُ : " سَيَلِي أُمُورَكُمْ بَعْدِي رِجَالٌ يُعَرِّفُونَكُمْ مَا تُنْكِرُونَ وَيُنْكِرُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَا تَعْرِفُونَ ، فَلَا طَاعَةَ لِمَنْ عَصَى اللَّهَ تَعَالَى فَلَا تَعْتَلُّوا بِرَبِّكُمْ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - " .
رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ بِطُولِهِ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ : عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، وَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَزَادَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، وَكَذَلِكَ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُمَا ثِقَاتٌ إِلَّا أَنَّ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنَ عَيَّاشٍ رَوَاهُ عَنِ الْحِجَازِيِّينَ ، وَرِوَايَتُهُ عَنْهُمْ ضَعِيفَةٌ .
فَكَتَبَ مُعَاوِيَةُ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ أَنَّ عُبَادَةَ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ قَدْ أَفْسَدَ عَلَيَّ الشَّامَ وَأَهْلَهُ ، فَإِمَّا أَنْ تَكُفَّ عَنِّي عُبَادَةَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ أُخَلِّيَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الشَّامِ .
فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ رَحِّلْ عُبَادَةَ حَتَّى تُرْجِعَهُ إِلَى دَارِهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ ، فَبَعَثَ بِعُبَادَةَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَى عُثْمَانَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ فِي الدَّارِ وَلَيْسَ فِي الدَّارِ غَيْرُ رَجُلٍ مِنَ السَّابِقِينَ - أَوْ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ - قَدْ أَدْرَكَ الْقَوْمَ فَلَمْ يَفْجَأْ عُثْمَانَ إِلَّا وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ فِي جَانِبِ الدَّارِ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ : يَا عُبَادَةُ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ مَالَنَا وَلَكَ ؟ فَقَامَ عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيِ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ مُحَمَّدًا ( إِنَّهُ ) يَقُولُ : " سَيَلِي أُمُورَكُمْ بَعْدِي رِجَالٌ يُعَرِّفُونَكُمْ مَا تُنْكِرُونَ وَيُنْكِرُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَا تَعْرِفُونَ ، فَلَا طَاعَةَ لِمَنْ عَصَى اللَّهَ تَعَالَى فَلَا تَعْتَلُّوا بِرَبِّكُمْ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - " .
رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ بِطُولِهِ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ : عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، وَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَزَادَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، وَكَذَلِكَ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَرِجَالُهُمَا ثِقَاتٌ إِلَّا أَنَّ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنَ عَيَّاشٍ رَوَاهُ عَنِ الْحِجَازِيِّينَ ، وَرِوَايَتُهُ عَنْهُمْ ضَعِيفَةٌ .
This narration is reported from Isma'il bin Ubayd al-Ansari: after mentioning the complete hadith he reported the following: Sayyiduna Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him): "O Abu Hurayrah! You were not with us when we gave our pledge of allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). We pledged that we would listen and obey whether energetic or sluggish (that is, in every state), that we would spend in prosperity and hardship (in every state), that we would command what is right and forbid what is wrong, that we would speak according to the command of Allah Almighty and not fear the blame of any blamer concerning Him, and that when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to us in Yathrib we would help him and protect him from everything from which we protect ourselves, our sons and our wives, and in return we would have Paradise. This was the pledge taken by the Messenger of Allah which we gave. Whoever breaks it, the breaking of it will go against himself, and whoever fulfils the covenant he made with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Allah Almighty will give him the full reward of the pledge he made with His Prophet (peace be upon him)." Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote a letter to Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) saying that Sayyiduna Ubadah bin al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) was turning Syria and the people of Syria against him: "So either you restrain Sayyiduna Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) from me, or else I will no longer stand between him and the people of Syria." Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to him in reply: "Arrange a mount for Ubadah and send him back to his house in Madinah!" Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) sent Sayyiduna Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) off until he arrived in Madinah. He went in to Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) at his house; at that time there was no one in the house except one man from the forerunners (or, from the Tabi'in) who had met those people. Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) was suddenly aware of Sayyiduna Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) sitting in a corner of the house; he turned towards him and said: "O Ubadah! What is the matter between us and you?" Then Sayyiduna Ubadah bin al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up among the people and said: I heard Abu al-Qasim Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), the Messenger of Allah, saying: "Soon after me, men will take charge of your affairs who will present to you as right what you regard as wrong, and will present to you as wrong what you regard as right. There is no obedience to one who disobeys Allah Almighty, so do not fall into any error regarding your Lord."
This narration has been recorded by Imam Ahmad in full; he did not say that it is from Isma'il, from his father.
It has also been recorded by Abdullah, the son of Imam Ahmad, and he added in it the words "from his father" (from Isma'il's father); Imam al-Tabarani recorded it likewise. The narrators of both of them are thiqat (trustworthy), except that Isma'il bin Ayyash narrated it from the people of the Hijaz, and his narrations from them are da'if (weak).
This narration has been recorded by Imam Ahmad in full; he did not say that it is from Isma'il, from his father.
It has also been recorded by Abdullah, the son of Imam Ahmad, and he added in it the words "from his father" (from Isma'il's father); Imam al-Tabarani recorded it likewise. The narrators of both of them are thiqat (trustworthy), except that Isma'il bin Ayyash narrated it from the people of the Hijaz, and his narrations from them are da'if (weak).
