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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب الخلافة
Book of the Caliphate
بَابُ حَقِّ الرَّعِيَّةِ وَالنُّصْحِ لَهَا .
The rights of the subjects and sincere counsel to them
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 9072
اُردوEn
وَعَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ : قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ أَمِيرًا أَمَّرَهُ عَلَيْنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ فَتَقَدَّمَ عَلَيْنَا غُلَامًا سَفِيهًا يَسْفِكُ الدِّمَاءَ سَفْكًا شَدِيدًا ، وَفِينَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُغَفَّلٍ الْمُزَنِيُّ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَكَانَ مِنَ السَّبْعَةِ الَّذِينَ بَعَثَهُمْ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ يُفَقِّهُونَ أَهْلَ الْبَصْرَةِ ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ : انْتَهِ عَنْ مَا أَرَاكَ تَصْنَعُ فَإِنَّ شَرَّ الرِّعَاءِ الْحُطَمَةُ فَقَالَ لَهُ : مَا أَنْتَ وَذَاكَ ؟ إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ حُثَالَةٌ مِنْ حُثَالَاتِ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ : وَهَلْ كَانَتْ فِيهِمْ حُثَالَةٌ لَا أُمَّ لَكَ ؟ بَلْ كَانُوا أَهْلَ بُيُوتَاتٍ وَشَرَفٍ مِمَّنْ كَانُوا مِنْهُ ، أَشْهَدُ لَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَهُوَ يَقُولُ : " مَا مِنْ إِمَامٍ وَلَا وَالٍ بَاتَ لَيْلَةً سَوْدَاءَ غَاشًّا لِرَعِيَّتِهِ إِلَّا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ " .
ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ حَتَّى أَتَى الْمَسْجِدَ فَجَلَسَ وَجَلَسْنَا إِلَيْهِ وَنَحْنُ نَعْرِفُ فِي وَجْهِهِ مَا قَدْ لَقِيَ مِنْهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَكَ أَبَا زِيَادٍ مَا كُنْتَ تَصْنَعُ بِكَلَامِ هَذَا السَّفِيهِ عَلَى رُؤُوسِ النَّاسِ ؟ فَقَالَ : إِنَّهُ كَانَ عِنْدِي عِلْمٌ خَفِيٌّ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ لَا أَمُوتَ حَتَّى أَقُولَ بِهِ عَلَى رُؤُوسِ النَّاسِ عَلَانِيَةً ، وَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّ دَارَهُ وَسِعَتْ أَهْلَ هَذَا الْمِصْرِ فَسَمِعُوا مَقَالَتِي وَسَمِعُوا مَقَالَتَهُ ، ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يُحَدِّثُنَا قَالَ : بَيْنَا أَنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَهُوَ نَازِلٌ فِي ظِلِّ شَجَرَةٍ وَأَنَا آخِذٌ بِبَعْضِ أَغْصَانِهَا مَخَافَةَ أَنْ تُؤْذِيهِ إِذْ قَالَ : " لَوْلَا أَنَّ الْكِلَابَ أُمَّةٌ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أُفْنِيَهَا لَأَمَرْتُ بِقَتْلِهَا ، فَاقْتُلُوا مِنْهَا كُلَّ أَسْوَدَ بَهِيمٍ فَإِنَّهُ شَيْطَانٌ ، وَلَا تُصَلُّوا فِي مَعَاطِنِ الْإِبِلَ فَإِنَّهَا خُلِقَتْ مِنَ الْجِنِّ أَلَا تَرَوْنَ إِلَى هَيْآتِهَا وَعُيُونِهَا إِذَا نَظَرَتْ ، وَصَلُّوا فِي مَرَابِضِ الْغَنَمِ فَإِنَّهَا أَقْرَبُ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ " .
ثُمَّ قَامَ الشَّيْخُ وَقُمْنَا مَعَهُ ، فَمَا لَبِثَ أَنْ مَرِضَ مَرَضَهُ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ فَأَتَاهُ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ يَعُودُهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ : أَتَعْهَدُ إِلَيْنَا شَيْئًا نَفْعَلُ بِهِ الَّذِي تُحِبُّ ؟ قَالَ : أَوَفَاعَلٌ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ .
قُلْتُ : فِي الصَّحِيحِ وَغَيْرِهِ طَرَفٌ مِنْهُ فِي أَمْرِ الْكِلَابِ وَغَيْرِهَا .
ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ حَتَّى أَتَى الْمَسْجِدَ فَجَلَسَ وَجَلَسْنَا إِلَيْهِ وَنَحْنُ نَعْرِفُ فِي وَجْهِهِ مَا قَدْ لَقِيَ مِنْهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَكَ أَبَا زِيَادٍ مَا كُنْتَ تَصْنَعُ بِكَلَامِ هَذَا السَّفِيهِ عَلَى رُؤُوسِ النَّاسِ ؟ فَقَالَ : إِنَّهُ كَانَ عِنْدِي عِلْمٌ خَفِيٌّ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ لَا أَمُوتَ حَتَّى أَقُولَ بِهِ عَلَى رُؤُوسِ النَّاسِ عَلَانِيَةً ، وَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّ دَارَهُ وَسِعَتْ أَهْلَ هَذَا الْمِصْرِ فَسَمِعُوا مَقَالَتِي وَسَمِعُوا مَقَالَتَهُ ، ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يُحَدِّثُنَا قَالَ : بَيْنَا أَنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَهُوَ نَازِلٌ فِي ظِلِّ شَجَرَةٍ وَأَنَا آخِذٌ بِبَعْضِ أَغْصَانِهَا مَخَافَةَ أَنْ تُؤْذِيهِ إِذْ قَالَ : " لَوْلَا أَنَّ الْكِلَابَ أُمَّةٌ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أُفْنِيَهَا لَأَمَرْتُ بِقَتْلِهَا ، فَاقْتُلُوا مِنْهَا كُلَّ أَسْوَدَ بَهِيمٍ فَإِنَّهُ شَيْطَانٌ ، وَلَا تُصَلُّوا فِي مَعَاطِنِ الْإِبِلَ فَإِنَّهَا خُلِقَتْ مِنَ الْجِنِّ أَلَا تَرَوْنَ إِلَى هَيْآتِهَا وَعُيُونِهَا إِذَا نَظَرَتْ ، وَصَلُّوا فِي مَرَابِضِ الْغَنَمِ فَإِنَّهَا أَقْرَبُ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ " .
ثُمَّ قَامَ الشَّيْخُ وَقُمْنَا مَعَهُ ، فَمَا لَبِثَ أَنْ مَرِضَ مَرَضَهُ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ فَأَتَاهُ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ يَعُودُهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ : أَتَعْهَدُ إِلَيْنَا شَيْئًا نَفْعَلُ بِهِ الَّذِي تُحِبُّ ؟ قَالَ : أَوَفَاعَلٌ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ .
قُلْتُ : فِي الصَّحِيحِ وَغَيْرِهِ طَرَفٌ مِنْهُ فِي أَمْرِ الْكِلَابِ وَغَيْرِهَا .
Al-Hasan narrates: Ubaydullah bin Ziyad came to us as governor; Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) had appointed him as our governor. He came to us as a foolish young man who shed blood profusely. At that time Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mughaffal al-Muzani (may Allah be pleased with him) was among us; he was a Companion of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he was one of the seven men whom Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) had sent to teach the people of Basrah their religion. One day Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mughaffal (may Allah be pleased with him) went in to Ubaydullah bin Ziyad and said to him: "Desist from what I see you doing, for the worst of rulers are those who are (needlessly) harsh." He said to him: "What business is that of yours? You are merely the leftover dregs of the Companions of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)." He said: "May you lose your mother! Were there any dregs among them? Rather, they were people of honour and nobility. I bear witness that I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: 'There is no ruler or governor who spends a dark night while deceiving his subjects but that Allah Almighty forbids Paradise to him.'" Then he left him and came to the mosque and sat down, and we sat with him. We could tell from his face what he had faced. I said to him: "O Abu Ziyad, may Allah Almighty forgive you; you should not have spoken with this fool in front of the people." He said: "I had some hidden knowledge from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and I wanted not to die until I had stated it openly in front of the people. And I wished that his house were wide enough for all the people of this city (that is, so that everyone could come to him), so that they would hear what I said and what he said." Then he began to narrate to us: "Once I was with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had stopped in the shade of a tree, and I was holding some of its branches so that they would not trouble the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Were it not that dogs are a nation among the nations, and that I dislike to wipe out that particular nation, I would have ordered that they be killed. However, kill every one of them that is pitch black, for it is a devil. Do not pray in the resting places of camels, for they were created from the jinn; have you not seen their bearing and their eyes when they look? Pray in the pens of sheep and goats, for they are closer to mercy.'" The narrator says: Then the shaykh stood up and we stood up with him. After that he fell into the illness in which he passed away. During that illness Ubaydullah bin Ziyad came to visit him. He said to him: "Would you like to entrust us with some instruction that you would like us to carry out?" He asked: "Would you do it?" He replied: "Yes."
(Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: In the Sahih and other books, a portion of it is mentioned concerning the ruling on dogs and other matters.
(Allamah al-Haythami says:) I say: In the Sahih and other books, a portion of it is mentioned concerning the ruling on dogs and other matters.
