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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب العلم
Book of Knowledge
بَابٌ فِي تَعْلِيمِ مَنْ لَا يَعْلَمُ .
Teaching one who does not know
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 748
اُردوEn
عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبْزَى ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ : خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَأَثْنَى عَلَى طَوَائِفَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ خَيْرًا ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " مَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ لَا يُفَقِّهُونَ جِيرَانَهُمْ ، وَلَا يُعَلِّمُونَهُمْ ، وَلَا يَعِظُونَهُمْ ، وَلَا يَأْمُرُونَهُمْ ، وَلَا يَنْهَوْنَهُمْ . وَمَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ لَا يَتَعَلَّمُونَ مِنْ جِيرَانِهِمْ ، وَلَا يَتَفَقَّهُونَ ، وَلَا يَتَّعِظُونَ . وَاللَّهُ لَيُعَلِّمَنَّ قَوْمٌ جِيرَانَهُمْ ، وَيُفَقِّهُونَهُمْ وَيَعِظُونَهُمْ ، وَيَأْمُرُونَهُمْ ، وَيَنْهَوْنَهُمْ ، وَلْيَتَعَلَّمَنَّ قَوْمٌ مِنْ جِيرَانِهِمْ ، وَيَتَفَقَّهُونَ ، وَيَتَفَطَّنُونَ ، أَوْ لَأُعَاجِلَنَّهُمُ الْعُقُوبَةَ " ، ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَقَالَ قَوْمٌ : مَنْ تَرَوْنَهُ عَنَى بِهَؤُلَاءِ ؟ قَالَ : الْأَشْعَرِيِّينَ ، هُمْ قَوْمٌ فُقَهَاءُ ، وَلَهُمْ جِيرَانٌ جُفَاةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمِيَاهِ وَالْأَعْرَابِ ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ الْأَشْعَرِيِّينَ ، فَأَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، ذَكَرْتَ قَوْمًا بِخَيْرٍ ، وَذَكَرْتَنَا بِشَرٍّ ، فَمَا بَالُنَا ؟ فَقَالَ : " لَيُعَلِّمَنَّ قَوْمٌ جِيرَانَهُمْ ، وَلَيُفَقِّهَنَّهُمْ ، وَلَيُفَطِّنَنَّهُمْ ، وَلَيَأْمُرَنَّهُمْ ، وَلَيَنْهَوْنَهُمْ ، وَلَيَتَعَلَّمْنَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ جِيرَانِهِمْ ، وَيَتَفَطَّنُونَ ، وَيَتَفَقَّهُونَ ، أَوْ لَأُعَاجِلَنَّهُمُ الْعُقُوبَةَ فِي الدُّنْيَا " ، فَقَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَنُفَطِّنُ غَيْرَنَا ؟ فَأَعَادَ قَوْلَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ ، وَأَعَادُوا قَوْلَهُمْ : أَنُفَطِّنُ غَيْرَنَا ؟ فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ أَيْضًا ، فَقَالُوا : أَمْهِلْنَا سَنَةً ، فَأَمْهَلَهُمْ سَنَةً لِيُفَقِّهُونَهُمْ ، وَيُعَلِّمُونَهُمْ ، وَيُفَطِّنُونَهُمْ ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ ( لُعِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَى لِسَانِ دَاوُدَ ) الْآيَةَ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْكَبِيرِ ، وَفِيهِ بُكَيْرُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ ، قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ : ارْمِ بِهِ . وَوَثَّقَهُ أَحْمَدُ فِي رِوَايَةٍ ، وَضَعَّفَهُ فِي أُخْرَى . وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَدِيٍّ : أَرْجُو أَنَّهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْكَبِيرِ ، وَفِيهِ بُكَيْرُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ ، قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ : ارْمِ بِهِ . وَوَثَّقَهُ أَحْمَدُ فِي رِوَايَةٍ ، وَضَعَّفَهُ فِي أُخْرَى . وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَدِيٍّ : أَرْجُو أَنَّهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ .
Alqamah bin Sa'd bin Abd al-Rahman narrates, from his father, this account of his grandfather: "One day the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), while delivering a sermon, praised various groups of the Muslims. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: What is the matter with some people that they do not teach their neighbours understanding of the religion, do not instruct them, do not admonish them, do not command them (to good) and do not forbid them (from evil)? And what is the matter with other people that they do not acquire knowledge from their neighbours, do not acquire understanding and do not take admonition? By Allah! The people of a nation shall teach their neighbours, give them understanding, admonish them, command them (to good) and forbid them (from evil); and the other people shall acquire knowledge from their neighbours, acquire understanding and gain comprehension — or else I will punish them. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came down from the pulpit. The people asked: What do you think? Which people did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) mean? Someone replied: (He meant) the people of the Ash'ar tribe, because they are people who have understanding (of the teachings of the religion), while their neighbours, who live by various watering places and in the desert, are people who have no knowledge. The people of the Ash'ar tribe received word of this, so they came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and submitted: O Messenger of Allah! You (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned one people with good and mentioned us with evil; what is the matter with us? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: One people shall teach their neighbours, give them understanding, instruct them, command them and forbid them; and the other people shall acquire knowledge from their neighbours, learn and acquire understanding — (if this does not happen) then I will punish them in this world. They submitted: O Messenger of Allah! Are we to teach others? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) repeated his words to them, and they too repeated their words: Are we to teach others? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said the same thing. They submitted: Grant us a respite of one year, so that they may give those other people understanding, teach them and instruct them. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: "Those who disbelieved among the Children of Israel were cursed by the tongue of Dawud" (to the end of) the verse.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; its chain contains a narrator, Bukayr bin Ma'ruf; al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Throw him away! Ahmad declared him thiqah (trustworthy) according to one report and declared him da'if (weak) according to another report. Ibn Adi says: I hope that there is no harm in him.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir; its chain contains a narrator, Bukayr bin Ma'ruf; al-Bukhari (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Throw him away! Ahmad declared him thiqah (trustworthy) according to one report and declared him da'if (weak) according to another report. Ibn Adi says: I hope that there is no harm in him.
