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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب البيوع
Book of Sales
بَابٌ فِيمَنْ مَرَّ عَلَى بُسْتَانٍ أَوْ مَاشِيَةٍ .
One who passes by an orchard or livestock
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 6823
اُردوEn
وَعَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَالَ : إِنَّهُ أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ يَسْتَفْتِيهِ فِي الَّذِي يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ ، وَفِي الَّذِي يَحِلُّ لَهُ ، وَفِي نَتَجِهِ وَمَاشِيَتِهِ ، وَفِي عَنْزِهِ وَفَرْعِهِ مِنْ نَتَجِ إِبِلِهِ وَغَنَمِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " تَحِلُّ لَكَ الطَّيِّبَاتُ وَتَحْرُمُ عَلَيْكَ الْخَبَائِثُ ، إِلَّا أَنْ تَفْتَقِرَ إِلَى طَعَامٍ لَا يَحِلُّ لَكَ فَتَأْكُلَ مِنْهُ حَتَّى تَسْتَغْنِيَ عَنْهُ " .
وَإِنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ حِينَئِذٍ : مَا فَقْرِي ؟ وَمَا الَّذِي آكُلُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ إِذَا بَلَغْتُهُ ؟ وَمَا غِنَايَ الَّذِي يُغْنِينِي عَنْهُ ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا كُنْتَ تَرْجُو نَتَجًا فَتَبَلَّغْ بِلُحُومِ مَاشِيَتِكَ إِلَى نَتَجِكَ، أَوْ كُنْتَ تَرْجُو غَيْثًا مَدَرًا لَكَ فَتَبَلَّغْ إِلَيْهَا مِنْ لُحُومِ مَاشِيَتِكَ، أَوْ كُنْتَ تَرْجُو مِيرَةً تَنَالُهَا فَتَبَلَّغْ مِنْ لُحُومِ مَاشِيَتِكَ ، وَإِنْ كُنْتَ لَا تَرْجُو مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا فَأَطْعِمْ أَهْلَكَ فِيمَا بَدَا لَكَ حَتَّى تَسْتَغْنِيَ عَنْهُ " .
قَالَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ : مَا غِنَايَ الَّذِي أَدَعُهُ إِذَا وَجَدْتُهُ ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا رَوَيْتَ أَهْلَكَ غَبُوقًا مِنَ اللَّبَنِ فَاجْتَنِبْ مَا حُرِّمَ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ . وَأَمَّا مَالُكَ فَإِنَّهُ مَيْسُورٌ كُلُّهُ لَيْسَ فِيهِ حَرَامٌ غَيْرَ أَنَّ فِي نَتَجِكَ مِنْ إِبِلِكَ فَرَعًا ، وَفِي نَتَجِكَ مِنْ غَنَمِكَ فَرَعًا تَغْدُوهُ مَاشِيَتَكَ حَتَّى تَسْتَغْنِيَ ، ثُمَّ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَطْعَمْتَهُ أَهْلَكَ ، وَإِنْ شِئْتَ تَصَدَّقْتَ بِلَحْمِهِ " . وَأَمَرَهُ بِعِتْرٍ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ مِنْ كُلِّ مِائَةٍ عَتِيرَةً .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْكَبِيرِ ، وَالْبَزَّارُ بِاخْتِصَارٍ كَثِيرٍ ، وَفِي إِسْنَادِ الطَّبَرَانِيِّ مَسَاتِيرُ ، وَإِسْنَادُ الْبَزَّارِ ضَعِيفٌ .
وَإِنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ حِينَئِذٍ : مَا فَقْرِي ؟ وَمَا الَّذِي آكُلُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ إِذَا بَلَغْتُهُ ؟ وَمَا غِنَايَ الَّذِي يُغْنِينِي عَنْهُ ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا كُنْتَ تَرْجُو نَتَجًا فَتَبَلَّغْ بِلُحُومِ مَاشِيَتِكَ إِلَى نَتَجِكَ، أَوْ كُنْتَ تَرْجُو غَيْثًا مَدَرًا لَكَ فَتَبَلَّغْ إِلَيْهَا مِنْ لُحُومِ مَاشِيَتِكَ، أَوْ كُنْتَ تَرْجُو مِيرَةً تَنَالُهَا فَتَبَلَّغْ مِنْ لُحُومِ مَاشِيَتِكَ ، وَإِنْ كُنْتَ لَا تَرْجُو مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا فَأَطْعِمْ أَهْلَكَ فِيمَا بَدَا لَكَ حَتَّى تَسْتَغْنِيَ عَنْهُ " .
قَالَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ : مَا غِنَايَ الَّذِي أَدَعُهُ إِذَا وَجَدْتُهُ ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا رَوَيْتَ أَهْلَكَ غَبُوقًا مِنَ اللَّبَنِ فَاجْتَنِبْ مَا حُرِّمَ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ . وَأَمَّا مَالُكَ فَإِنَّهُ مَيْسُورٌ كُلُّهُ لَيْسَ فِيهِ حَرَامٌ غَيْرَ أَنَّ فِي نَتَجِكَ مِنْ إِبِلِكَ فَرَعًا ، وَفِي نَتَجِكَ مِنْ غَنَمِكَ فَرَعًا تَغْدُوهُ مَاشِيَتَكَ حَتَّى تَسْتَغْنِيَ ، ثُمَّ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَطْعَمْتَهُ أَهْلَكَ ، وَإِنْ شِئْتَ تَصَدَّقْتَ بِلَحْمِهِ " . وَأَمَرَهُ بِعِتْرٍ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ مِنْ كُلِّ مِائَةٍ عَتِيرَةً .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْكَبِيرِ ، وَالْبَزَّارُ بِاخْتِصَارٍ كَثِيرٍ ، وَفِي إِسْنَادِ الطَّبَرَانِيِّ مَسَاتِيرُ ، وَإِسْنَادُ الْبَزَّارِ ضَعِيفٌ .
Sayyiduna Samurah bin Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him) reports about the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): A Bedouin man came to him seeking his ruling about what is forbidden to him and what is lawful for him, and he asked about the offspring of his animals, his livestock, his she-goat, and the fara' (first-born young) of his camels and sheep. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: Pure things are lawful for you and impure things are forbidden to you; however, if you become in need of food, then the matter is different: it will be lawful for you to the extent that you eat from it until you no longer need it. At that time the man asked him: What is meant by my poverty? And what is it that, when I reach it, I may eat such food? And what is that prosperity of mine which will make me independent of it? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: When you are hoping for your animal to give birth, then sustain yourself with the meat of your animals until the birth; or if you are hoping for a cloud that will rain, then sustain yourself with the meat of your animals until it comes; or if you are hoping for provisions (supplies of grain) to reach you, then sustain yourself with the meat of your animals until then; and if you are hoping for none of these, then feed your family whatever seems suitable to you until you become independent of it. The Bedouin asked: What is that prosperity of mine which, when I find it, I should give that up? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: When you have given your family their fill of milk, then avoid the food that has been made forbidden to you. As for your wealth, all of it is easy (and permissible) for you; there is nothing forbidden in it, except that among the young of your camels there is a fara' (first-born), and among the young of your sheep there is a fara', which your animal will nourish until it becomes independent; then, if you wish, feed its meat to your family, and if you wish, give its meat in charity. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded him regarding the "'itr" of sheep that there be one 'atirah for every hundred.
Imam Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, and Imam Bazzar recorded it in a greatly abridged form; the chain of Imam Tabarani contains mastur (unknown-status) narrators, and the chain of Imam Bazzar is da'if (weak).
Imam Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Kabir, and Imam Bazzar recorded it in a greatly abridged form; the chain of Imam Tabarani contains mastur (unknown-status) narrators, and the chain of Imam Bazzar is da'if (weak).
