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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب المناقب
Book of Virtues
بَابٌ مِنْهُ فِي فَضْلِهَا وَتَزْوِيجِهَا بِعَلِيٍّ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا -
The virtue of Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) and her marriage to Ali (may Allah be pleased with him)
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 15213
اُردوEn
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ : كَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ تُذْكَرُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَلَا يَذْكُرُهَا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا صَدَّ عَنْهُ ، حَتَّى يَئِسُوا مِنْهَا ، فَلَقِيَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ عَلِيًّا ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي وَاللَّهِ مَا أَرَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَحْبِسُهَا إِلَّا عَلَيْكَ . فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - : فَلِمَ تَرَى ذَلِكَ ؟ [ فَوَاللَّهِ ] مَا أَنَا بِأَحَدِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ : مَا أَنَا بِصَاحِبِ دُنْيَا يَلْتَمِسُ مَا عِنْدِي ، وَقَدْ عَلِمَ مَا لِي صَفْرَاءُ وَلَا بَيْضَاءُ ، وَمَا أَنَا بِالْكَافِرِ الَّذِي يَتَرَفَّقُ بِهَا عَنْ دِينِهِ ! - يَعْنِي يَتَأَلَّفُهُ بِهَا - إِنِّي لَأَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ ! فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ : إِنِّي أَعْزِمُ عَلَيْكَ لَتُفَرِّجَنَّهَا عَنِّي ; فَإِنَّ لِي فِي ذَلِكَ فَرَجًا . قَالَ : أَقُولُ مَاذَا ؟ قَالَ : تَقُولُ : جِئْتُ خَاطِبًا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - . [ قَالَ: فَانْطَلَقَ وَهُوَ ثَقِيلٌ حَصِرٌ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " كَأَنَّ لَكَ حَاجَةً يَا عَلِيُّ " فَقَالَ : أَجَلْ جِئْتُكَ خَاطِبًا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ ] فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " مَرْحَبًا " . كَلِمَةٌ ضَعِيفَةٌ . ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى سَعْدٍ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : قَدْ فَعَلْتُ الَّذِي أَمَرْتَنِي بِهِ ، فَلَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَيَّ أَنْ رَحَّبَ بِي كَلِمَةً ضَعِيفَةً . فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ : أَنْكَحَكَ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ ، إِنَّهُ لَا خَلْفٌ ، وَلَا كَذِبٌ عِنْدَهُ ، أَعْزِمُ عَلَيْكَ لَتَأْتِيَنَّهُ غَدًا ، فَلَتَقُولَنَّ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ، مَتَى تُبْنِينِي ؟ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ : هَذِهِ أَشُدُّ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الْأُولَى ، أَوَّلًا أَقُولُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ حَاجَتِي ؟ قَالَ : قُلْ كَمَا أَمَرْتُكَ ، فَانْطَلَقَ عَلِيٌّ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، مَتَى تُبْنِينِي ؟ قَالَ : " اللَّيْلَةَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ " . ثُمَّ دَعَا بِلَالًا ، فَقَالَ : " يَا بِلَالُ ، إِنِّي قَدْ زَوَّجْتُ ابْنَتِي ابْنَ عَمِّي ، وَأَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنْ سُنَّةِ أُمَّتِي الطَّعَامُ عِنْدَ النِّكَاحِ ، فَائِتِ الْغَنَمَ ، فَخُذْ شَاةً وَأَرْبَعَةَ أَمْدَادٍ ، وَاجْعَلْ لِي قَصْعَةً أَجْمَعُ عَلَيْهَا الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارَ ، فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ فَآذِنِّي " . فَانْطَلَقَ فَفَعَلَ مَا أَمَرَهُ بِهِ ، ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ بِقَصْعَةٍ فَوَضَعَهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ، فَطَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي رَأْسِهَا ، وَقَالَ : " أَدْخِلِ النَّاسَ عَلَيَّ زَفَّةً زَفَّةً ، وَلَا يُغَادِرْنَ زَفَّةً إِلَى غَيْرِهَا " . - يَعْنِي إِذَا فَرَغَتْ زَفَّةٌ فَلَا يَعُودُونَ ثَانِيَةً - . فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَرِدُونَ ، كُلَّمَا فَرَغَتْ زَفَّةٌ وَرَدَتْ أُخْرَى ، حَتَّى فَرَغَ النَّاسُ . ثُمَّ عَمَدَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِلَى مَا فَضَلَ مِنْهَا ، فَتَفَلَ فِيهِ وَبَارَكَ ، وَقَالَ : " يَا بِلَالُ ، احْمِلْهَا إِلَى أُمَّهَاتِكَ ، وَقُلْ لَهُنَّ : كُلْنَ وَأَطْعِمْنَ مَنْ غَشِيَكُنَّ " . ثُمَّ قَامَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ ، فَقَالَ : " إِنِّي زَوَّجْتُ بِنْتِي ابْنَ عَمِّي ، وَقَدْ عَلِمْتُنَّ مَنْزِلَتَهَا مِنِّي ، وَأَنَا دَافِعُهَا إِلَيْهِ فَدُونَكُنَّ " . فَقُمْنَ النِّسَاءُ فَغَلَّفْنَهَا مِنْ طِيبِهِنَّ ، وَأَلْبَسْنَهَا مِنْ ثِيَابِهِنَّ ، وَحَلَّيْنَهَا مِنْ حُلِيِّهِنَّ ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - دَخَلَ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَهُ النِّسَاءُ ذَهَبْنَ ، وَبَيْنَ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - سِتْرٌ ، وَتَخَلَّفَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا - فَقَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " عَلَى رِسْلِكِ ، مَنْ أَنْتِ ؟ " . قَالَتْ : أَنَا الَّتِي أَحْرُسُ ابْنَتَكَ ، إِنَّ الْفَتَاةَ لَيْلَةَ بِنَائِهَا لَا بُدَّ لَهَا مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ [ تَكُونُ ] قَرِيبَةٍ مِنْهَا ، إِنْ عَرَضَتْ لَهَا حَاجَةٌ أَوْ أَرَادَتْ أَمْرًا أَفْضَتْ بِذَلِكَ إِلَيْهَا . قَالَ : " فَإِنِّي أَسَالُ إِلَهِي أَنْ يَحْرُسَكِ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْكِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِكِ ، وَعَنْ يَمِينِكِ وَعَنْ شِمَالِكِ ، مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ " . ثُمَّ صَرَخَ بِفَاطِمَةَ فَأَقْبَلَتْ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ عَلِيًّا جَالِسًا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - [ حَصَرَتْ ] بَكَتْ ، فَخَشِيَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَنْ يَكُونَ بُكَاؤُهَا أَنَّ عَلِيًّا لَا مَالَ لَهُ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " مَا يُبْكِيكِ ؟ مَا أَلَوْتُكِ فِي نَفْسِي ، وَقَدْ أَصَبْتُ لَكِ خَيْرَ أَهْلِي ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَقَدْ زَوَّجْتُكِ سَعِيدًا فِي الدُّنْيَا ، وَإِنَّهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ لِمَنِ الصَّالِحِينَ " . فَلَانَ مِنْهَا . فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " يَا أَسْمَاءُ ، ائْتِينِي بِالْمِخْضَبِ [ فَامْلَئِيهِ مَاءً ] " . فَأَتَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِالْمِخْضَبِ ، فَمَجَّ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِيهِ ، وَمَسَحَ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَقَدَمَيْهِ ، ثُمَّ دَعَا فَاطِمَةَ ، فَأَخَذَ كَفًّا مِنْ مَاءٍ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ عَلَى رَأْسِهَا ، وَكَفًّا بَيْنَ ثَدْيَيْهَا ، ثُمَّ رَشَّ جِلْدَهُ وَجِلْدَهَا ، ثُمَّ الْتَزَمَهَا ، فَقَالَ : " اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهَا مِنِّي وَإِنِّي مِنْهَا ، اللَّهُمَّ كَمَا أَذْهَبْتَ عَنِّي الرِّجْسَ وَطَهَّرْتَنِي فَطَهِّرْهُمَا " . ثُمَّ دَعَا بِمِخْضَبٍ آخَرَ ، ثُمَّ دَعَا عَلِيًّا ، فَصَنَعَ بِهِ كَمَا صَنَعَ بِهَا ، ثُمَّ دَعَا لَهُ كَمَا دَعَا لَهَا ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمَا : " قُومَا إِلَى بَيْتِكُمَا ، جَمَعَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَكُمَا [ وَبَارَكَ ] فِي سِرِّكُمَا ، وَأَصْلَحَ بَالَكُمَا " . ثُمَّ قَامَ وَأَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِمَا بَابَهُمَا بِيَدِهِ .
قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا - : فَأَخْبَرَتْنِي أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا - أَنَّهَا رَمَقَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَمْ يَزَلْ يَدْعُو لَهُمَا خَاصَّةً ، لَا يُشْرِكُهُمَا فِي دُعَائِهِ أَحَدًا حَتَّى تَوَارَى فِي حُجْرَتِهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ يَحْيَى بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ ، وَهُوَ مَتْرُوكٌ .
قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا - : فَأَخْبَرَتْنِي أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا - أَنَّهَا رَمَقَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَمْ يَزَلْ يَدْعُو لَهُمَا خَاصَّةً ، لَا يُشْرِكُهُمَا فِي دُعَائِهِ أَحَدًا حَتَّى تَوَارَى فِي حُجْرَتِهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - . رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ ، وَفِيهِ يَحْيَى بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ ، وَهُوَ مَتْرُوكٌ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: Proposals for Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) used to be made before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and whoever mentioned this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him no answer, until people lost hope in this matter. Sayyiduna Sa'd bin Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) met Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: By Allah, my impression of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is that he wants to marry this lady to you. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) asked him: For what reason have you formed this opinion? By Allah! I am not either of the two kinds of men. I am not a man of worldly goods, whose goods one might wish to obtain; the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) knows that I have neither dinars nor dirhams. Nor am I that disbeliever who is treated gently regarding his religion, that is, to win his heart. I am the first person to accept Islam. Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I urge you to do this, for it is my wish that it should happen. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: What should I say? He said: Say that you have come to Allah and His Messenger with a proposal of marriage for Fatimah bint Muhammad. The narrator says: Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) went, finding it difficult. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked him: O Ali! It seems you need something. He said: Yes, I have come to you to propose to Allah and His Messenger for marriage with Fatimah bint Muhammad. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Welcome! This was a vague expression. Then Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) went back to Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) and said to Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him): I have done what you told me, but in reply the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) only said 'welcome' to me, which is a vague expression. Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By the One who sent the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with the truth! The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) will marry her to you, for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) has never broken a promise nor spoken an untruth. I urge you to go to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) again tomorrow and say: O Prophet of Allah, when will you send her to me as a bride? Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) says: This was even harder for me than the first. He said: Should I not say: O Messenger of Allah, what has become of my matter? Sayyiduna Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You must say what I have told you. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) went the next day and said: O Messenger of Allah! When will you send her to me as a bride? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Tonight, if Allah wills. Then he called Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: O Bilal! I am marrying my daughter to my cousin, and I wish that it be the way of my Ummah that food is served at the time of marriage. So go to the flock, take a sheep and four mudds of grain, and prepare food for me in a large bowl so that I may feed the Muhajirun and the Ansar with it. When you have finished, let me know. Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) went and did what the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had ordered him; then he brought that bowl to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and placed it before him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) touched its top with his hand and then said: Keep bringing the people to me group by group; when one group has finished, let another come, and let no one come a second time. So the people began to come; whenever one group finished, another came, until all the people had finished. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took the food that was left, put some of his saliva in it, prayed for blessing in it, and then said: O Bilal! Carry this to your mothers and tell them: Eat of it yourselves and feed whoever comes to you. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) got up and went to his wives, and said: I have married my daughter to my cousin, and you know what standing this daughter has with me. Now I am about to send her off as a bride, so you must take part. Those women got up; they perfumed Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), dressed her in clothes and adorned her with jewellery. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came in; when the women saw him they left. There was a curtain between the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and them. Only Asma bint Umays remained. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked her: Who are you? She said: I am the one who will look after your daughter. When a girl is sent off as a bride, there should be a woman with her who stays near her, so that if the girl faces some need or wants something, she can hand it to her. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I ask my Lord to protect you likewise from Satan the accursed, from in front of you, from behind you, from your right and from your left. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called out loudly to Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her). She came, and when she saw Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) sitting with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), she felt shy and began to weep. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) feared that she might be weeping because Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) had no wealth. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Why are you weeping? I have not fallen short in anything concerning you; I have chosen for you the best person of my family. By the One in whose Hand is my soul! I have married you to a man who is fortunate in this world and who will be among the righteous in the Hereafter. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) comforted her. Then he said: Asma, bring me a vessel and fill it with water. Sayyidah Asma (may Allah be pleased with her) brought a vessel; the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) rinsed his mouth into it, then passed his hands over his face and his feet. Then he called Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her), took a palmful of water and poured it on her head, and poured some on her chest, then sprinkled his own skin and her skin. Then he embraced her and made this supplication: O Allah! She is from me and I am from her. O Allah! Just as You removed impurity from me and purified me, purify these two as well. Then he called for another vessel of water, then called Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and did with him as he had done with Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her); then he supplicated for Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) just as he had supplicated for Sayyidah Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her). Then he said to them both: Get up, both of you, and go to your house. May Allah Almighty keep you together, place blessing in your private affairs and set your affairs right. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) got up and closed their door with his own hand. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: Sayyidah Asma bint Umays (may Allah be pleased with her) told me that she kept watching the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) closely; until he entered his apartment, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) continuously supplicated for the two of them specifically, and he did not include anyone else with them in that supplication.
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration. Its chain contains a narrator, Yahya bin al-Ala, who is matruk (abandoned).
Imam al-Tabarani recorded this narration. Its chain contains a narrator, Yahya bin al-Ala, who is matruk (abandoned).
