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مجمع الزوائد ومنبع الفوائد
Majma' al-Zawa'id
كتاب المغازي والسير
Book of Military Expeditions and Biography
بَابُ غَزْوَةِ الْفَتْحِ
The expedition of the Conquest of Makkah
Majma al-Zawaid — Hadith 10235
اُردوEn
وَعَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ : أَمَّنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ النَّاسَ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةً مِنَ النَّاسِ : عَبْدُ الْعُزَّى بْنَ خَطَلٍ ، وَمَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ ، وَسَارَّةُ امْرَأَةٌ .
فَأَمَّا عَبْدُ الْعُزَّى فَإِنَّهُ قُتِلَ وَهُوَ آخِذٌ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ . قَالَ : وَنَذَرَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ إِذَا رَآهُ ، وَكَانَ أَخَا عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ ، فَأَتَى بِهِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَسْتَشْفِعُ ، فَلَمَّا بَصُرَ بِهِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ اشْتَمَلَ عَلَى السَّيْفِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فِي طَلَبِهِ ، فَوَجَدَهُ فِي حَلْقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَهَابَ قَتْلَهُ .
فَجَعَلَ يَتَرَدَّدُ وَيَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُقْدِمَ عَلَيْهِ لِأَنَّهُ فِي حَلْقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَبَسَطَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَدَهُ فَبَايَعَهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْأَنْصَارِيِّ : " قَدِ انْتَظَرْتُكَ أَنْ تُوفِيَ بِنَذْرِكَ " . قَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، هِبْتُكَ أَفَلَا أَوْمَضْتَ إِلَيَّ ؟ قَالَ : " إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يُومِضَ " .
وَأَمَّا مَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ لَهُ أَخٌ قُتِلَ خَطَأً مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَبَعَثَ مَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي فِهْرٍ لِيَأْخُذَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ الْعَقْلَ ، فَلَمَّا جَمَعَ لَهُ الْعَقْلَ وَرَجَعَ نَامَ الْفِهْرِيُّ ، فَوَثَبَ مَقِيسٌ فَأَخَذَ حَجَرًا فَجَلَدَ بِهِ رَأْسَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ :
شَفَى النَّفْسَ مَنْ قَدْ مَاتَ بِالْقَاعِ مُسْنَدَا يَضَرِّجُ ثَوْبَيْهِ دِمَاءُ الْأَجَادِعِ وَكَانَتْ هُمُومُ النَّفْسِ مِنْ قَبْلِ قَتْلِهِ
تَهِيجُ فَتُنْسِينِي وَطْأَةَ الْمَضَاجِعِ حَلَلْتُ بِهِ ثَأْرِي وَأَدْرَكْتُ مُؤْرَبِي
وَكُنْتُ إِلَى الْأَوْثَانِ أَوَّلَ رَاجِعِ .
وَأَمَّا سَارَّةُ فَإِنَّهَا كَانَتْ مَوْلَاةً لِقُرَيْشٍ فَأَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَشَكَتْ إِلَيْهِ الْحَاجَةَ فَأَعْطَاهَا شَيْئًا ، ثُمَّ أَتَاهَا رَجُلٌ فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهَا كِتَابًا لِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ يَتَقَرَّبُ بِهِ إِلَيْهِمْ ; لِيُحْفَظَ فِي عِيَالِهِ - وَكَانَ لَهُ بِهَا عِيَالٌ - فَأَخْبَرَ جِبْرِيلُ بِذَلِكَ ، فَبَعَثَ فِي أَثَرِهَا عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ، وَعَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَلَحِقَاهَا فَفَتَّشَاهَا فَلَمْ يَقْدِرَا عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْهَا ، فَأَقْبَلَا رَاجِعَيْنِ .
فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ : وَاللَّهِ مَا كَذَّبْنَا وَلَا كُذِّبْنَا ، ارْجِعْ بِنَا إِلَيْهَا ، فَرَجَعَا إِلَيْهَا فَسَلَّا سَيْفَيْهِمَا فَقَالَا : وَاللَّهِ لَنُذِيقَنَّكِ الْمَوْتَ أَوْ لَتَدْفَعِنَّ إِلَيْنَا الْكِتَابَ ، فَأَنْكَرَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ : أَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْكُمَا عَلَى أَنْ لَا تَرُدَّانِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَبِلَا مِنْهَا ، فَحَلَّتْ عِقَاصَهَا فَأَخْرَجَتْ كِتَابًا مِنْ قُرُونِهَا فَدَفَعَتْهُ إِلَيْهِمَا .
فَرَجَعَا بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَدَفَعَاهُ إِلَيْهِ ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ فَقَالَ : " مَا هَذَا الْكِتَابُ ؟ " قَالَ : أُخْبِرُكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مَعَكَ إِلَّا لَهُ مَنْ يَحْفَظُهُ فِي عِيَالِهِ ، فَكَتَبْتُ هَذَا الْكِتَابَ لِيَكُونُوا فِي عِيَالِي . فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ : يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا عَدُوِّي وَعَدُوَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ تُلْقُونَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِالْمَوَدَّةِ . إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَاتِ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ ، وَفِيهِ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ .
فَأَمَّا عَبْدُ الْعُزَّى فَإِنَّهُ قُتِلَ وَهُوَ آخِذٌ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ . قَالَ : وَنَذَرَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ إِذَا رَآهُ ، وَكَانَ أَخَا عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ ، فَأَتَى بِهِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَسْتَشْفِعُ ، فَلَمَّا بَصُرَ بِهِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ اشْتَمَلَ عَلَى السَّيْفِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فِي طَلَبِهِ ، فَوَجَدَهُ فِي حَلْقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَهَابَ قَتْلَهُ .
فَجَعَلَ يَتَرَدَّدُ وَيَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُقْدِمَ عَلَيْهِ لِأَنَّهُ فِي حَلْقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَبَسَطَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَدَهُ فَبَايَعَهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْأَنْصَارِيِّ : " قَدِ انْتَظَرْتُكَ أَنْ تُوفِيَ بِنَذْرِكَ " . قَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، هِبْتُكَ أَفَلَا أَوْمَضْتَ إِلَيَّ ؟ قَالَ : " إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يُومِضَ " .
وَأَمَّا مَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ لَهُ أَخٌ قُتِلَ خَطَأً مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَبَعَثَ مَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي فِهْرٍ لِيَأْخُذَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ الْعَقْلَ ، فَلَمَّا جَمَعَ لَهُ الْعَقْلَ وَرَجَعَ نَامَ الْفِهْرِيُّ ، فَوَثَبَ مَقِيسٌ فَأَخَذَ حَجَرًا فَجَلَدَ بِهِ رَأْسَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ :
شَفَى النَّفْسَ مَنْ قَدْ مَاتَ بِالْقَاعِ مُسْنَدَا يَضَرِّجُ ثَوْبَيْهِ دِمَاءُ الْأَجَادِعِ وَكَانَتْ هُمُومُ النَّفْسِ مِنْ قَبْلِ قَتْلِهِ
تَهِيجُ فَتُنْسِينِي وَطْأَةَ الْمَضَاجِعِ حَلَلْتُ بِهِ ثَأْرِي وَأَدْرَكْتُ مُؤْرَبِي
وَكُنْتُ إِلَى الْأَوْثَانِ أَوَّلَ رَاجِعِ .
وَأَمَّا سَارَّةُ فَإِنَّهَا كَانَتْ مَوْلَاةً لِقُرَيْشٍ فَأَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَشَكَتْ إِلَيْهِ الْحَاجَةَ فَأَعْطَاهَا شَيْئًا ، ثُمَّ أَتَاهَا رَجُلٌ فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهَا كِتَابًا لِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ يَتَقَرَّبُ بِهِ إِلَيْهِمْ ; لِيُحْفَظَ فِي عِيَالِهِ - وَكَانَ لَهُ بِهَا عِيَالٌ - فَأَخْبَرَ جِبْرِيلُ بِذَلِكَ ، فَبَعَثَ فِي أَثَرِهَا عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ، وَعَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَلَحِقَاهَا فَفَتَّشَاهَا فَلَمْ يَقْدِرَا عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْهَا ، فَأَقْبَلَا رَاجِعَيْنِ .
فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ : وَاللَّهِ مَا كَذَّبْنَا وَلَا كُذِّبْنَا ، ارْجِعْ بِنَا إِلَيْهَا ، فَرَجَعَا إِلَيْهَا فَسَلَّا سَيْفَيْهِمَا فَقَالَا : وَاللَّهِ لَنُذِيقَنَّكِ الْمَوْتَ أَوْ لَتَدْفَعِنَّ إِلَيْنَا الْكِتَابَ ، فَأَنْكَرَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ : أَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْكُمَا عَلَى أَنْ لَا تَرُدَّانِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَبِلَا مِنْهَا ، فَحَلَّتْ عِقَاصَهَا فَأَخْرَجَتْ كِتَابًا مِنْ قُرُونِهَا فَدَفَعَتْهُ إِلَيْهِمَا .
فَرَجَعَا بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَدَفَعَاهُ إِلَيْهِ ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ فَقَالَ : " مَا هَذَا الْكِتَابُ ؟ " قَالَ : أُخْبِرُكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مَعَكَ إِلَّا لَهُ مَنْ يَحْفَظُهُ فِي عِيَالِهِ ، فَكَتَبْتُ هَذَا الْكِتَابَ لِيَكُونُوا فِي عِيَالِي . فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ : يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا عَدُوِّي وَعَدُوَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ تُلْقُونَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِالْمَوَدَّةِ . إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَاتِ .
رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ فِي الْأَوْسَطِ ، وَفِيهِ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ .
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: On the day of the Conquest of Makkah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) granted the people safety, excepting only four persons: Abd al-Uzza bin Khatal, Miqyas bin Subabah, Abdullah bin Sa'd bin Abi Sarh, and a woman named Sarah. As for Abd al-Uzza, he was killed while he was holding on to the coverings of the Ka'bah. The narrator says: A man from the Ansar had vowed that he would kill Abdullah bin Sa'd bin Abi Sarh when he saw him. Abdullah bin Sa'd was the foster-brother of Sayyiduna Uthman al-Ghani (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) took him to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and interceded for him. When the Ansari saw him, he took hold of his sword and went out in search of him. He found him in the circle of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he was afraid to kill him and fell into hesitation; he did not like to attack him, because that man was in the circle of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) extended his blessed hand and took his pledge of allegiance. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the Ansari: "I kept waiting for you to fulfil your vow concerning him." He said: "O Messenger of Allah! I was in awe of you; you should have given me a sign." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is not fitting for a prophet to make secret signs." As for Miqyas bin Subabah, he had a brother who had been killed by mistake while with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent with him a man from Banu Fihr so that he could collect the blood-money from the Ansar. When the items of blood-money had been gathered for him and he was returning, the Fihri man fell asleep. Miqyas got up, took a stone and killed the Fihri man with it. Then, as he came along, he was reciting these verses: "My soul has been healed by the one who died on the plain, propped up, his garments dyed with the blood of his various veins. Before his killing, the anxieties of my soul were so many that they made me forget rest upon my bed. Through him I have taken my revenge and attained my aim, and I have become the first to return to the idols." As for the woman named Sarah, she was a freed slave-woman of Quraysh. She came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and complained to him of her need, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave her something. Then a man came to her and gave that woman a letter for the people of Makkah; through it he wanted to gain favour with the people of Makkah so that his family would be protected, because his family were in Makkah. Sayyiduna Jibril (peace be upon him) informed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about this. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) after that woman. The two of them caught up with her and searched her, but they found nothing on her. Then the two of them started back. Meanwhile one of them said to the other: "By Allah, we have not been told anything false, nor have we spoken falsely. Let us go back to that woman." So the two of them went back to her, drew their swords and said: "By Allah, we will surely make you taste death, or else you hand that letter over to us." The woman denied it; then she said: "I will hand it over to you on the condition that you do not take me back to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)." The two of them accepted that condition. The woman untied her hair and took out a letter from her braids and handed it to the two of them. Those two men brought the letter back to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and presented it to him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent for that man and asked: "What is the matter with this letter?" He said: "O Messenger of Allah! I will tell you about it. Everyone who is with you has some relative or other in Makkah who can protect his family. So I wrote this letter to those people so that they would protect my family." So Allah Almighty revealed these verses about this: "O you who believe! Do not take My enemy and your enemy as friends, offering them affection," to the end of the verses.
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat. Its chain contains a narrator, al-Hakam bin Abd al-Malik, who is da'if (weak).
Al-Tabarani recorded it in al-Mu'jam al-Awsat. Its chain contains a narrator, al-Hakam bin Abd al-Malik, who is da'if (weak).
