بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ
إن الحمدالله نحمده ونستعينه ونستغفره ونعوذ باالله من شرور أنفسنا وسيئات أعمالنا من يهده االله فلا مضل له ومن يضلل فلا هادي له وأشهد أن لا إله إلا االله وحده لا شريك له وأشهد أن محمداً عبده ورسوله. أما بعد…
باب فى تعريف السنة
Explanation of the Definition of Sunnah
قال الله تعالى: (وما آتاكم الرسول فخذوه وما نهاكم عنه فانتهوا ۚ واتقوا الله ۖ إن الله شديد العقاب )
Allah the Exalted said: “And whatever the Messenger gives you, take it; and whatever he forbids you, refrain from it. And fear Allah; indeed, Allah is severe in punishment.”
❀ عن أبى جحيفةؓ قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: من سن سنة حسنة فعمل بها بعده كان له أجره و مثل أجورهم من غير أن ينقص من أجورهم شيئا و من سن سنة سيئة فعمل بها بعده كان عليه وزره و مثل أوزارهم من غير أن ينقص من أوزارهم شيئا
“Hadrat Abu Juhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Whoever establishes a good practice and it is acted upon after him, he will receive its reward and the reward of those who act upon it, without any reduction in their rewards. And whoever establishes a bad practice and it is acted upon after him, he will bear its sin and the sin of those who act upon it, without any reduction in their sins.”
❀عن أنس بن مالك قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: فمن رغب عن سنتي فليس مني
Hadrat Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“Whoever turns away from my Sunnah is not from me.”
عن قيس بن عمرو ، قال رأى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم رجلا يصلي بعد صلاة الصبح ركعتين فقال رسول الله ﷺ: صلاة الصبح ركعتان، فقال الرجل إني لم أكن صليت الركعتين اللتين قبلهما فصليتهما الآن فسكت رسول الله ﷺ
Hadrat Qays ibn Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet ﷺ saw a man praying two rak’ahs after the Fajr prayer, and he said:
“The Fajr prayer is two rak’ahs.” The man replied: I had not prayed the two rak’ahs before it, so I have prayed them now. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained silent upon hearing this answer (meaning he granted him permission).
باب فى فضل السنة
Explanation of the Virtue of Sunnah
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنكُمْ ۖ فَإِن تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِن كُنتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَحْسَنُ تَأْوِيلًا ﴿٥٩﴾
Allah the Exalted said: “O you who have believed, obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you. And if you disagree over anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger, if you should believe in Allah and the Last Day. That is the best and most suitable in outcome.”
وَقَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَ مَنْ يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ يُدْخِلْهُ جَنَّتٍ تَجْرِى مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهرُ خَلِدِينَ فِيهَا وَذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ ﴾
And Allah the Exalted said: “And whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger will be admitted into gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide forever, and that is the great attainment.”
❀عن أبى هريرة ، أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: كل أمتي يدخلون الجنة إلا من أبى ، قالوا: يا رسول الله و من يأبى؟ قال: من أطاعني دخل الجنة ومن عصاني فقد أبى .
Hadrat Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“All of my ummah will enter Paradise except those who refuse.” The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) said: O Messenger of Allah, who would refuse? He ﷺ said: “Whoever obeys me will enter Paradise, and whoever disobeys me has refused.”
❀ عن أبى هريرة عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: من أطاعني فقد أطاع الله، ومن يعصيني فقد عصى الله ، و من يطع الأمير فقد أطاعني، و من يعص الأمير فقد عصاني .
Hadrat Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever obeys me has obeyed Allah, whoever disobeys me has disobeyed Allah, whoever obeys the leader has obeyed me, and whoever disobeys the leader has disobeyed me.”
❀عن ابن عباس أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم خطب الناس فى حجة الوداع فقال: إن الشيطان قد يئس أن يعبد بأرضكم و لكن رضي أن يطاع فيما سوى ذلك مما تحاقرون من أعمالكم فاحذروا إني قد تركت فيكم ما إن اعتصمتم به فلن تضلوا أبدا كتاب الله و سنة نبيه
It is narrated from Hadrat Abdullah ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ addressed the people during the Farewell Pilgrimage and said: “Shaytan has despaired that he will ever be worshipped in this land of yours, but he is content to be obeyed in other matters, which you consider insignificant among your deeds. So beware! I am leaving among you that which, if you hold firmly to it, you will never go astray: the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Prophet ﷺ.”
❀عن أبى هريرة قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: إني قد تركت فيكم شيئين لن تضلوا بعدهما كتاب الله و سنتى .
Hadrat Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “I am leaving among you two things; if you act upon them, you will never go astray: the Book of Allah and my Sunnah.”
❀عن العرباض بن سارية قال: صلى بنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ذات يوم ثم أقبل علينا فوعظنا موعظة بليغة ذرفت منها العيون، و وجلت منها القلوب، فقال قائل: يا رسول الله! كأن هذه موعظة مودع فماذا تعهد إلينا ؟ فقال: أوصيكم بتقوى الله و السمع و الطاعة وإن عبدا حبشيا فإنه من يعش منكم بعدي فسيرى اختلافا كثيرا فعليكم بسنتي وسنة الخلفاء المهديين الراشدين، تمسكوا بها و عضوا عليها بالنواجد، وإياكم و محدثات الأمور فإن كل محدثة بدعة وكل بدعة ضلالة .
Hadrat Irbad ibn Sariyah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that one day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in prayer, then turned towards us and delivered an impactful sermon, by which the eyes shed tears and the hearts trembled. A person said: O Messenger of Allah! It is as if this is a farewell sermon, so what do you advise us? He ﷺ said: “I advise you to fear Allah, to listen and obey, even if the one ruling over you is an Abyssinian slave. (And know that) whoever among you lives after me will see much disagreement. In such circumstances, hold firmly to my Sunnah and the Sunnah of the rightly guided, rightly guiding Caliphs; hold to it and bite upon it with your molars, and beware of newly invented matters, for every newly invented matter is an innovation and every innovation is misguidance.”
❀ عن كثير بن عبد الله بن عمرو بن عوف المزني حدثني أبى عن جدي أن رسول الله ﷺ قال: من أحيا سنة من سنتي فعمل بها الناس كان له مثل أجر من عمل بها لا ينقص من أجورهم شيئا و من ابتدع بدعة فعمل بها كان عليه أوزار من عمل بها لا ينقص من أوزار من عمل بها شيئا .
Hadrat Kathir ibn Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Awf al-Muzani (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I narrated from my father, my father narrated from my grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever revives one of my sunnahs and people act upon it, he will receive a reward equal to that of all those who act upon it, without any reduction in their rewards. And whoever innovates a bid’ah and people act upon it, he will bear a sin equal to that of all those who act upon it, without any reduction in their sins.” (That is, they too will receive their full punishment.)
❀ عن عبد الرحمن بن عبد الله عن أبيه عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: نضر الله إمرأ سمع منا حديثا فبلغه فرب مبلغ أحفظ من سامع
Hadrat Abdul Rahman ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from his father, who narrates from the Prophet ﷺ, that he said: “May Allah keep radiant the one who heard a hadith from us and conveyed it (exactly as he heard it), for many of those to whom a hadith is conveyed remember it better than those who heard it.”
❀ عن ابن مسعود قال سمعت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: نضر الله امرا سمع منا حديثا فبلغه كما سمع فرب مبلغ أوعى من سامع
“Hadrat Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘May Allah keep radiant the one who heard something from us and conveyed it to others just as he heard it, for many of those to whom it is conveyed remember it better than those who heard it.'”
باب فى أهمية السنة
The Importance of the Sunnah
❀ عن أنس يقول جاء ثلاثة رهط إلى بيوت أزواج النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يسألون عن عبادة النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم فلما أخبروا كأنهم تقالوها ، فقالوا و أين نحن من النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قد غفر له ما تقدم من ذنبه وما تأخر قال: أحدهم أما أنا فإني أصلى الليل أبدا، وقال آخر أنا أصوم الدهر ولا أفطر، وقال آخر أنا أعتزل النساء فلا أتزوج أبدا فجاء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إليهم فقال: أنتم الذين قلتم كذا وكذا أما و الله إني لاخشاكم لله و أتقاكم له لكني أصوم وأفطر وأصلى و أرقد و أتزوج النساء فمن رغب عن سنتي فليس مني .
“Hadrat Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Three men came to the homes of the pure wives of the Prophet ﷺ (may Allah be pleased with them) asking about the worship of the Prophet ﷺ. When they were informed, they regarded his worship as little and said to one another: ‘What is our standing compared to the Prophet ﷺ, for all his past and future sins have been forgiven?’ (So we should worship more than him.) One of them said: ‘I will pray through the night continuously (and will not rest).’ Another said: ‘I will fast continuously and never break it.’ The third said: ‘I will abstain from women and never approach them.’ When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to them, he asked: ‘Did you say such and such?’ (They acknowledged it.) The Prophet ﷺ said: ‘Beware! By Allah, I am the most fearful of Allah among you and the most righteous of you, yet I fast and I also break my fast, I pray at night and I also sleep, and I also marry women. Whoever turns away from my sunnah is not of me.'”
❀ عن عائشة قالت: قال رسول الله ﷺ: من أحدث فى أمرنا هذا ما ليس فيه فهو رد .
Hadrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever does something in religion for which there is no basis in the Shariah, that action is rejected.”
❀ عن جابر أن عمر ابن الخطاب أتى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بنسخة من التوراة فسكت فجعل يقرأ و وجه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يتغير فقال أبو بكر: ثكلتك الثواكل ما ترى ما بوجه رسول الله ﷺ فنظر عمر إلى وجه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: أعوذ بالله من غضب الله و غضب رسوله رضينا بالله ربا و بالإسلام دينا وبمحمد نبيا فقال رسول الله ﷺ: والذي نفس محمد بيده لو بدا لكم موسى فاتبعتموه وتركتموني لضللتم عن سواء السبيل ولو كان حيا و أدرك نبوتي لاتبعني .
“Hadrat Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that Hadrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with a Torah and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! This is the Torah.’ The Prophet ﷺ remained silent, and Hadrat Umar began to read it, and the blessed face of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ began to change (with anger). Hadrat Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), upon seeing this, said: ‘O Umar! May the bereaved women find you lost. Do you not look at the face of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?’ Hadrat Umar looked at the blessed face of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: ‘I seek refuge in Allah from the anger of Allah and the anger of His Messenger. We are pleased with Allah as Lord, with Islam as religion, and with Muhammad ﷺ as Prophet.’ After this, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘By the One in whose hand is the soul of Muhammad ﷺ, if Musa (peace be upon him) were to appear today and you were to follow him instead of me, you would certainly go astray from the straight path. And if Musa were alive and had lived to see my prophethood, he would certainly follow me.'”
❀ عن العرباض بن سارية أنه سمع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: لقد تركتكم على مثل البيضاء ليلها كنهارها لا يزيغ عنها إلا هالك
“Hadrat Irbad ibn Sariyah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘O people! I have left you upon a clear religion whose night is as bright as its day. None turns away from it except the one destined to perish.'”
❀ عن عروة بن الزبير قال أبو بكر : لست تاركا شيئا كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يعمل به إلا عملت به فإنى أخشى إن تركت شيئا من أمره أن أزيغ .
“Hadrat Urwa ibn al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that Hadrat Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: ‘I will not leave any practice that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to act upon, for I fear that if I leave any part of the Messenger of Allah’s sayings or actions, I would go astray.'”
❀ عن أبى هريرة قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: من كذب على متعمدا فليتبوأ مقعده من النار .
“Hadrat Abu Hurayra (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘Whoever deliberately attributes a lie to me, let him take his seat in the Fire.'”
❀ عن أبى هريرة قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: يكون فى آخر الزمان دجالون كذابون يأتونكم من الأحاديث بما لم تسمعوا أنتم ولا آباؤكم فإياكم وإياهم لا يضلونكم ولا يفتنونكم .
“Hadrat Abu Hurayra (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘In the last era, there will be deceivers and liars who will bring you hadiths that neither you nor your forefathers have heard. So beware of them, lest they mislead you or put you into trial.'”
❀ عن ابن عباس أن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: أبغض الناس إلى الله ثلاثة ملحد فى الحرم، و مبتغ فى الإسلام سنة الجاهلية ، ومطلب دم امرى بغير حق ليهريق دمه .
Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both): The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“Three people are hated by Allah:
➊ One who violates the sanctity of the Haram (the sacred precinct).
➋ One who abandons the way of the Messenger ﷺ in Islam and seeks the way of the Jahiliyyah (the age of ignorance).
➌ One who seeks the blood of a Muslim unjustly, in order to shed it.”
تعظيم السنة
The Explanation of Respect for the Sunnah
❀ عن ابن عمر أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: لا تمنعوا إماء الله أن يصلين فى المسجد، فقال ابن له إنا لنمنعهن فغضب غضبا شديدا و قال أتحدثك عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم و تقول إنا لنمنعهن .
“Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): The Prophet ﷺ said: No one should prevent the female servants of Allah from entering the mosque. The son of Abdullah said: We will prevent them. Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) became extremely angry and said: I am narrating to you a hadith of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and you say: We will certainly prevent them.”
❀ عن عبد الله بن مغفل أنه كان جالسا إلى جنبه ابن أخ له فخذف فنهاه و قال: إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم نهى عنها فقال: إنها لا تصيد صيدا ولا تنكى عدوا وإنها تكسر السن وتفقا العين، قال: فعاد ابن أخيه فخذف ، فقال: أحدثك أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم نهى عنها ثم عدت تخذف لا أكلمك أبدا .
“Narrated Abdullah ibn Mughaffal (may Allah be pleased with him): His nephew was sitting beside him, throwing pebbles. He forbade him and informed him that the Prophet ﷺ had forbidden it, and the Prophet ﷺ said: It neither hunts game nor harms an enemy; rather, it can break a tooth or gouge out an eye. His nephew then resumed throwing pebbles, so Abdullah said: I have told you that the Prophet ﷺ forbade this and you are doing the same again; therefore I will never speak to you again.”
❀ عن عمران بن حصين ، قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: الحياء خير كله. قال أو قال: الحياء كله خير ، فقال بشير بن كعب إنا لنجد فى بعض الكتب أو الحكمة إن منه سكينة و وقارا لله و منه ضعف قال فغضب عمران حتى احمرتا عيناه و قال: ألا أراني أحدثك عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم و تعارض فيه قال فأعاد عمران الحديث قال فأعاد بشير فغضب عمران قال فما زلنا نقول فيه إنه منا يا أبا نجيد ، إنه لا بأس به .
“Narrated Imran ibn Husain (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Modesty is entirely good. Or he said: Modesty is all good. Bashir ibn Ka’b said: We find in some books, or in books of wisdom, that there is a kind of modesty which is tranquillity and dignity before Allah, and another kind which is weakness. Imran became angry on hearing this, until his eyes turned red, and said: Do I not see that I narrate to you a hadith of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and you contradict it? The narrator said: Imran repeated the hadith, and Bashir repeated his statement, so Imran became furious (and decided to punish Bashir ibn Ka’b). The narrator said: We continued to say to him: O Abu Nujayd (Imran’s kunya), he is one of us (so forgive him), and there is no harm (of hypocrisy or disbelief) in him.”
❀ عن الحارث بن عبد الله بن اوس قال أتيت عمر بن الخطاب فسألته عن المرأة تطوف بالبيت يوم النحر ثم تحيض قال ليكن آخر عهدها بالبيت قال: فقال الحارث كذلك أفتاني رسول الله ﷺ قال: فقال عمر أربت عن يديك سألتني عن شيء سألت عنه رسول الله ﷺ لكي ما أخالف ؟
Harith ibn Abdullah ibn Aws said: I came to the Amir Umar ibn al-Khattab and asked him:
“If a woman becomes menstruating after performing the Tawaf al-Ziyarah on the day of sacrifice, what should she do?” Umar said: “(After purification) her last act should be Tawaf of the House.”
Harith said:
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ also gave me this same ruling.”
Upon this, Umar said:
“May your hands be broken! You asked me a question which you had already asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so that I would rule against the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.”
باب مكانة الرأي لدى السنة
The Status of Personal Opinion in the Presence of the Sunnah
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: فَلَا وَرَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّىٰ يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنفُسِهِمْ حَرَجًا مِّمَّا قَضَيْتَ وَيُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا ﴿٦٥﴾
Allah the Exalted said: “By your Lord, they will not believe until they make you judge in what they dispute among themselves, then find within themselves no discomfort from what you have decided, and submit completely.”
وَقَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَلَا تُبْطِلُوا أَعْمَالَكُمْ ﴿٣٣﴾
And Allah the Exalted said: “O you who have believed! Obey Allah and obey the Messenger, and do not invalidate your deeds.”
وَقَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: مَا آتَاكُمُ الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَاكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانتَهُوا ۚ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ ۖ إِنَّ اللَّهَ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ
And Allah the Exalted said: “Whatever the Messenger gives you, take it; and whatever he forbids you, refrain from it. And fear Allah; indeed, Allah is severe in penalty.”
❀ عن قبيصة ابن ذويب أنه قال جاءت الجدة إلى أبى بكر الصديق تسأله ميراثها فقال لها أبو بكر مالك فى كتاب الله شيء و ما علمت لك فى سنة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم شيئا فارجعي حتى أسأل الناس فسأل الناس فقال المغيرة بن شعبة: حضرت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أعطاها السدس فقال أبو بكر : هل معك غيرك؟ فقام محمد بن مسلمة الأنصاري فقال: مثل ما قال المغيرة فأنفذه لها أبو بكر الصديق
“Narrated Qabisa ibn Dhu’ayb: A grandmother came to Abu Bakr al-Siddiq asking for her inheritance. Abu Bakr said to her: You have no share in the Book of Allah, and I have not heard anything from the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding it. So return until I ask the people. He asked the people, and al-Mughira ibn Shu’ba said: I was present when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave her a sixth. Abu Bakr said: Is there anyone with you other than him? Muhammad ibn Maslama al-Ansari stood and said: Like what al-Mughira said. So Abu Bakr al-Siddiq implemented it for her.”
❀ عن المسور بن مخرمة قال: استشار عمر بن الخطاب الناس فى إملاص المرأة فقال: المغيرة بن شعبة شهدت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قضى فيه بغرة عبد أو أمة، قال: ائتني بمن يشهد معك، قال: فشهد له محمد بن مسلمة
“Narrated al-Miswar ibn Makhrama: Umar ibn al-Khattab consulted the people regarding the diyah (blood money) for an unborn child. Al-Mughira ibn Shu’ba said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered a ghurrah (a male or female slave to be given as blood money) for it. Umar said: Bring someone to testify with you. So Muhammad ibn Maslama confirmed this statement. (Thereafter Umar ruled according to the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ).”
❀ عن بجالة ، قال كنت كاتبا لجزء بن معاوية عم الأحنف فأتانا كتاب عمر بن الخطاب قبل موته بسنة فرقوا بين كل ذي محرم من المجوس و لم يكن عمر احل الجزية من المجوس حتى شهد عبد الرحمن بن عوف أن رسول الله ﷺ أخذها من مجوس هجر
Bajala (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I was the scribe of Jaz ibn Mu’awiya, the paternal uncle of al-Ahnaf. A letter from Umar ibn al-Khattab reached us a year before his death, in which it was written: separate every Magian who has married a woman within the prohibited degrees. Umar had not been taking jizya from the Magians, until Abdur Rahman ibn Awf testified that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had taken it from the Magians. (Then Umar also began to take jizya.)
باب احتياج السنة لفهم القرآن
The Need for the Sunnah to Understand the Quran
❀ عن المقدام بن معدى كرب عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه قال: ألا إني أوتيت الكتاب ومثله معه ألا يوشك رجل شبعان على أريكته يقول: عليكم بهذا القرآن فما وجدتم فيه من حلال فأحلوه وما وجدتم فيه من حرام فحرموه ألا لا يحل لكم لحم الحمار الأهلي ولا كل ذي ناب من السبع ولا لقطة معاهد إلا أن يستغنى عنها صاحبها و من نزل بقوم فعليهم أن يقروه فإن لم يقروه فله أن يعقبهم بمثل قراه .
Al-Miqdam ibn Ma’dikarib (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Beware! I have been given the Book and something like it along with it. Beware! A time will come when a well-fed man will recline on his couch and say: ‘Adhere to this Quran. Whatever you find in it to be lawful, make lawful, and whatever you find in it to be unlawful, make unlawful.’ Whereas what the Messenger of Allah has made unlawful is just as unlawful as what Allah has made unlawful. Beware! It is not lawful for you to eat the flesh of the domestic donkey, nor any animal with fangs from among the predators, nor the lost property of a covenanted non-Muslim, unless its owner has no need of it. And whoever is a guest of a people, it is incumbent upon them to host him; if they do not host him, he has the right to take from them an amount equal to his hospitality.”
❀ عن أبى رافع عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: لا ألفين أحدكم متكئا على أريكته يأتيه الأمر من أمرى مما أمرت به أو نهيت عنه فيقول: لا ندري ما وجدنا فى كتاب الله اتبعناه .
Abu Rafi’ (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: “Let me not find any one of you reclining on his couch, to whom a command from my commands, or a prohibition from me, comes, and he says: ‘I do not know; we follow whatever we find in the Book of Allah.'”
❀ عن حذيفة يقول: حدثنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أن الأمانة نزلت من السماء فى جذر قلوب الرجال و نزل القرآن فقرءوا القرآن وعلموا من السنة .
Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ told us that trustworthiness descended from the sky into the hearts of men, and the Quran was then revealed; so people read the Quran and learned from the Sunnah.
باب وجوب العمل بالسنة
The Obligation of Acting upon the Sunnah
❀ عن أبى هريرة قال خطبنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: أيها الناس قد فرض الله عليكم الحج فحجوا فقال رجل: كل عام يا رسول الله؟ فسكت حتى قالها ثلاثا فقال رسول الله ﷺ: لو قلت نعم، وجبت ولما استطعتم، ثم قال: ذروني ما تركتكم فإنما هلك من كان قبلكم بكثرة سؤالهم و اختلافهم على أنبيائهم فإذا أمرتكم بشيء فأتوا منه ما استطعتم وإذا نهيتكم عن شيء فدعوه .
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ addressed us in a sermon and said: “O people! Allah has made Hajj obligatory upon you, so perform it.” A man said: “O Messenger of Allah, every year?” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained silent until the man asked three times. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “If I had said yes, it would have become obligatory upon you every year, and you would not have been able to do it. Leave me with what I leave you, for those before you were destroyed by their excessive questioning and their disputing with their prophets. So when I command you to do something, do of it what you are able; and when I forbid you from something, leave it.”
❀ عن أبى سعيد بن المعلى قال: كنت أصلى فى المسجد فدعاني رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فلم أجبه فقلت يا رسول الله إني كنت أصلى، فقال: ألم يقل الله واستجيبوا لله وللرسول إذا دعاكم .
Abu Sa’id ibn al-Mu’alla said: I was praying in the mosque when the Prophet ﷺ called me, but I did not respond. Then, when I came into the presence of the Prophet ﷺ (after finishing my prayer), I said: “O Messenger of Allah, I was praying.” He ﷺ said: “Did Allah not say: ‘O you who believe, respond to Allah and to the Messenger when he calls you’?”
❀ عن جابر بن عبد الله قال جاءت ملائكة إلى النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم وهو نائم فقالوا: إن لصاحبكم هذا مثلا فاضربوا له مثلا فقال: بعضهم: إنه نائم و قال بعضهم: إن العين نائمة والقلب يقظان ، فقالوا: مثله كمثل رجل بني دارا و جعل فيها مادبة و بعث داعيا فمن أجاب الداعى دخل الدار وأكل من المادبة و من لم يجب الداعى لم يدخل الدار و لم يأكل من المأدبة فقالوا: أولوها له يفقهها فقال بعضهم: إنه نائم وقال بعضهم: إن العين نائمة والقلب يقظان ، فقالوا: فالدار الجنة والداعي محمد، فمن أطاع محمدا فقد أطاع الله و من عصى محمدا فقد عصى الله و محمد فرق بين الناس
Jabir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: A group of angels came to the Prophet ﷺ while he was sleeping. They said: “Your companion has an example; strike an example for him.” Some of them said: “He is sleeping.” Others said: “The eye is sleeping but the heart is awake.” They said: “His example is like that of a man who built a house, prepared a feast in it, and sent a caller. Whoever answered the caller entered the house and ate from the feast; whoever did not answer the caller did not enter the house and did not eat from the feast.” Then they said: “Explain the example to him so that he may understand it.” Some of them said again: “He is sleeping.” Others replied: “His eye is sleeping but his heart is awake.” So the angels explained the example: “The house is Paradise, and the caller is Muhammad ﷺ. Whoever obeys Muhammad ﷺ has obeyed Allah, and whoever disobeys Muhammad ﷺ has disobeyed Allah. Muhammad ﷺ is the one who distinguishes between people (i.e., who is obedient and who is disobedient).”
❀ عن المقدام بن معدى كرب عن رسول الله ﷺ أنه قال الا إني أوتيت الكتاب ومثله معه ألا يوشك رجل شبعان على أريكته يقول: عليكم بهذا القرآن فما وجدتم فيه من حلال فأحلوه و ما وجدتم فيه من حرام فحرموه ألا لا يحل لكم لحم الحمار الأهلي ولا كل ذي ناب من السبع ولا لقطة معاهد إلا أن يستغنى عنها صاحبها .
Narrated Miqdam ibn Ma’dikarib (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Be aware! I have been given the Book and something like it along with it (i.e., the Sunnah). Beware! A time will come when a well-fed (i.e., arrogant) man, reclining on his couch, will say: ‘People! The Qur’an alone is sufficient for you; whatever is lawful in it, only that is lawful, and whatever is unlawful in it, only that is unlawful.’ Whereas what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has made unlawful is just as unlawful as what Allah has made unlawful. Beware! The domestic donkey is not lawful for you (although the Qur’an does not mention its prohibition), nor is any animal with fangs from among the predators (the pointed teeth with which they hunt), nor is the lost property of a covenanted non-Muslim lawful for anyone, except when its owner has no need of it, in which case it is permissible.”
باب السنة والصحابة
The Sunnah in the View of the Companions
❀ عن نافع قال: سمع ابن عمر مزمارا قال فوضع إصبعيه على أذنيه و نأى عن الطريق ، وقال لي: يا نافع هل تسمع شيئا قال: فقلت لا ، قال: فرفع إصبعيه من أذنيه ، وقال: كنت مع النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم مثل هذا فصنع مثل ذلك ، قال نافع: فكنت إذا ذاك صغيرا .
Nafi’ (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) heard the sound of a flute, so he placed his two fingers in his ears and moved away from the road. He then said to me: “O Nafi’, do you hear anything?” I said: “No.” So he removed his fingers from his ears and said: “I was with the Prophet ﷺ, and he heard the sound of a flute and did the same as this.” Nafi’ also mentioned that at that time he was a young boy.
❀ عن نافع أن رجلا عطس إلى جنب ابن عمر فقال: الحمد لله والسلام على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال ابن عمر: و أنا أقول: الحمد لله والسلام على رسول الله وليس هكذا علمنا رسول الله ﷺ، علمنا أن نقول الحمد لله على كل حال
Nafi’ (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated that a man sneezed beside Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and said الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ and I also say it (meaning I have no objection to sending salutations upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ), but the Messenger of Allah ﷺ taught us to say (after sneezing) الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى كُلّ حَالٍ (meaning, praise be to Allah in every state). So follow the sunnah way.
❀ عن زيد بن أسلم عن أبيه أن عمر بن الخطاب قال للركن أما و الله! إني لأعلم أنك حجر لا تضر ولا تنفع ولو لا أني رأيت النبى ﷺ استلمك ماستلمتك فاستلمه ثم قال: فمالنا وللرمل إنما كنا رأينا به المشركين و قد أهلكهم الله ثم قال شيء صنعه النبى ﷺ فلا نحب أن نتركه .
Zayd ibn Aslam narrated from his father that Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) addressed the Black Stone and said: “By Allah! I know that you are a stone; you can neither harm nor benefit. Had I not seen the Prophet ﷺ touching you, I would never have kissed you.” Then he said: “What is the point of ramal now? It was only for showing the polytheists, and Allah has already destroyed them.” Then he said: “But it is something the Prophet ﷺ did, and we do not like to abandon it.”
❀ عن ابن عمر عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال بني الإسلام على خمسة على أن يوحد الله ، وإقام الصلاة، وإيتاء الزكاة، وصيام رمضان، والحج فقال رجل: الحج وصيام رمضان، قال لا ، صيام رمضان والحج هكذا سمعته من رسول الله ﷺ
Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: “Islam is built upon five: the affirmation of the Oneness of Allah, establishing the prayer, paying the zakah, fasting in Ramadan, and performing Hajj.” A man said (repeating the matter): “Hajj and fasting in Ramadan?” (i.e., with the words placed in a different order). Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “No, fasting in Ramadan and Hajj. I heard the hadith from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in this order.”
❀ و عن عبد الله بن عباس أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم رأى خاتما من ذهب فى يد رجل فنزعه فطرحه و قال يعمد أحدكم إلى جمرة من نار فيجعلها فى يده . فقيل للرجل بعد ما ذهب رسول الله ﷺ خذ خاتمك انتفع به قال: لا ، و الله لا آخذه ابدا و قد طرحه رسول الله ﷺ.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet ﷺ saw a gold ring on a man’s hand (on his finger), so he removed it and threw it away, and said: “One of you deliberately takes a live coal of fire and places it in his hand.” After the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had left, it was said to the man: “Take your ring and benefit from it (i.e., give it to your wife or sister, or sell it).” The Companion said: “By Allah, I will never take up a ring that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has thrown away.”
باب ذم البدعة
The Condemnation of Innovation
❀ عن جابر بن عبد الله قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: أما بعد فإن خير الحديث كتاب الله و خير الهدي هدى محمد و شر الأمور محدثاتها وكل بدعة ضلالة
Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “To proceed: the best speech is the Book of Allah, the best guidance is the guidance of Muhammad ﷺ, the worst matters are newly invented ones, and every innovation is misguidance.”
❀ عن عائشة قالت: قال رسول الله ﷺ: من أحدث فى أمرنا هذا ما ليس فيه فهو رد .
Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever introduces into this affair of ours something that is not part of it, it is rejected.”
❀ عن أنس بن مالك قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: إن الله حجب التوبة عن كل صاحب بدعة حتى يدع بدعته .
Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Allah does not accept the repentance of a person who innovates in religion until he abandons his innovation.”
وصلى الله تعالى على خير خلقه محمد و آله وصحبه أجمعين.
