Quranic Verses Explained by the Prophet ﷺ: 41 Authentic Hadiths

إن الحمد لله نحمده، ونستعينه، من يهده الله فلا مضل له، ومن يضلل فلا هادي له ، وأشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له، وأن محمدا عبده ورسوله . أما بعد:

The statement of Allah Almighty: “Say: O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah.”

Hadith 1:

«عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما ، أن ناسا من أهل الشرك كانوا قد قتلوا وأكثروا ، وزنوا وأكثروا فأتوا محمدا صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالوا: إن الذى تقول وتدعو إليه لحسن لو تخبرنا أن لما عملنا كفارة ، فنزل: وَ الَّذِيْنَ لَا يَدْعُوْنَ مَعَ اللّٰهِ اِلٰهًا اٰخَرَ وَ لَا يَقْتُلُوْنَ النَّفْسَ الَّتِيْ حَرَّمَ اللّٰهُ اِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَ لَا يَزْنُوْنَ and قُلْ يٰعِبَادِيَ الَّذِيْنَ اَسْرَفُوْا عَلٰۤى اَنْفُسِهِمْ لَا تَقْنَطُوْا مِنْ رَّحْمَةِ اللّٰهِ were revealed»

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) that some of the polytheists had committed much bloodshed unjustly and frequently committed adultery. They came to Hazrat Muhammad (peace be upon him) and said that what you say and invite to is certainly good, but if you inform us whether the sins we have committed so far are forgivable or not, then Allah Almighty revealed these verses: Those who do not call upon any other deity with Allah and do not kill any soul unjustly, which Allah has forbidden except for a just cause, and they do not commit adultery. And this verse was also revealed: Say! O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah.”

Hadith 2:

«وعن الزهري: سمعت عروة بن الزبير، وسعيد بن المسيب، وعلقمة بن وقاص ، وعبيد الله بن عبد الله، عن حديث عائشة زوج النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم حين قال لها أهل الإفك ما قالوا فبرأها الله، كل حدثنى طائفة من الحديث . قال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن كنت بريئة فسيبرئك الله، وإن كنت ألممت بذنب فاستغفرى الله وتوبى إليه . قلت: إنى والله لا أجد مثلا إلا أبا يوسف: ﴿فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيْلٌ وَ اللّٰهُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلٰى مَا تَصِفُوْنَ﴾ And Allah revealed: ﴿اِنَّ الَّذِيْنَ جَآءُوْ بِالْاِفْكِ عُصْبَةٌ مِّنْكُمْ﴾ “The ten verses”

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Zahri that Urwah bin Zubair, Saeed bin Musayyib, Alqamah bin Waqas, and Ubaidullah bin Abdullah heard from the purified wife of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, Aisha رضي الله عنها, regarding the incident in which the slanderers accused her, and then Allah Almighty revealed her purity. All these people narrated to me some parts of this story. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said (to Aisha رضي الله عنها), ‘If you are innocent, then soon Allah Almighty will reveal your innocence, but if you have committed a sin, then seek forgiveness from Allah and repent before Him.’ (Aisha رضي الله عنها said) I said to him, ‘By Allah! Our example is like that of the father of Yusuf عليه السلام (Joseph), and I repeat what he said: patience is good, and it is Allah whose help is sought against what you describe.’ After that, Allah Almighty revealed ten verses from Surah An-Nur ﴿اِنَّ الَّذِيْنَ جَآءُوْ بِالْاِفْكِ عُصْبَةٌ مِّنْكُمْ﴾ to the end, confirming the purity of Aisha رضي الله عنها.”

Hadith 3:

«وعن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: إن عفريتا من الجن تفلت على البارحة أو كلمة نحوها ليقطع على الصلاة ، فأمكنني الله منه وأردت أن أربطه إلى سارية من سوارى المسجد حتى تصبحوا ، وتنظروا إليه كلكم ، فذكرت قول أخي سليمان: ﴿رَبِّ هَبْ لِيْ مُلْكًا لَّا يَنْبَغِيْ لِاَحَدٍ مِّنْ بَعْدِيْ﴾قال روح فرده خاسئا»

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abu Huraira (RA) that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: Last night a rebellious jinn suddenly came to me or a similar phrase was said by the Prophet (PBUH): to disturb my prayer, but Allah Almighty gave me power over him and I thought to tie him to the pillar of the mosque so that you all could see him in the morning. Then I remembered the prayer of my brother Solomon (AS): O my Lord! Grant me such a kingdom that no one after me may have it. Rawh (the narrator) said that the Noble Prophet (PBUH) drove away this jinn with humiliation.”

Hadith 4:

«وعن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما صارت الأوثان التى كانت فى قوم نوح فى العرب بعد، أما ود كانت لكلب بدومة الجندل، وأما سواع: فكانت لهذيل ، وأما يغوث: فكانت لمراد ثم لبني غطيف ، بالجوف عند سبأ، وأما يعوق: فكانت لهمدان ، وأما نسر: فكانت لحمير ، لآل ذي الكلاع ، أسماء رجال صالحين من قوم نوح ، فلما هلكوا أوحى الشيطان إلى قومهم أن انصبوا إلى مجالسهم التى كانوا يجلسون أنصابا وسموها بأسمائهم ، ففعلوا، فلم تعبد، حتى إذا هلك أولئك وتنسخ العلم عبدت»

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) that the idols which were worshiped among the people of Prophet Nuh (peace be upon him) later began to be worshiped among the Arabs. Wadd was the idol of Bani Kalb in Dumah al-Jandal. Suwa was the idol of Bani Hudhail. Yaghuth was the idol of Bani Murad and Murad’s branch Bani Ghataf, who lived in the valley of Ajaf near the people of Saba. Ya’uq was the idol of Bani Hamdan. Nasr was the idol of Himyar, who were from the family of Dhul-Kala. These five were the names of the righteous people of the people of Prophet Nuh (peace be upon him). When they died, Satan instilled in their hearts to establish idols in the assemblies where they used to sit and to name these idols after their righteous people. Accordingly, those people did so. At that time, these idols were not worshiped, but when those who had established the idols also died and the knowledge was lost among the people, their worship began.”

Hadith 5:

«وعن عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنهما: أن هذه الآية التى فى القرآن ﴿يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ اِنَّاۤ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ شَاهِدًا وَّ مُبَشِّرًا وَّ نَذِيْرًا﴾ He said: In the Torah: O Prophet, indeed We have sent you as a witness, a bringer of good tidings, a warner, and a protector for the unlettered. You are My servant and My messenger. I have named you Al-Mutawakkil (the one who relies on Allah). You are neither harsh nor severe nor loud in the markets, nor do you repay evil with evil, but you pardon and forgive. Allah will not take your soul until you establish the crooked nation by making them say: There is no god but Allah, by which you will open the eyes of the blind, the ears of the deaf, and the hearts of the sealed.”

“And it is narrated from Abdullah bin Amr bin As (may Allah be pleased with them) that this verse in the Quran: O Prophet! Indeed We have sent you as a witness and a warner. So Allah Almighty also said about the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) in the Torah: O Prophet! Indeed We have sent you as a witness, a bringer of good tidings, and a protector for the unlettered (Arabs). You are My servant and My messenger. I have named you Al-Mutawakkil. You are neither ill-tempered nor harsh-hearted nor one who makes noise in the markets, nor do you repay evil with evil but rather you act with forgiveness and pardon. Allah will not take his soul until he straightens the crooked nation (the Arabs), that is, until they acknowledge لا اله الا الله. Through this declaration of the Oneness of Allah, he will open the eyes of the blind, the ears of the deaf, and the hearts that are veiled.”

Hadith 6:

وعن عروة بن الزبير قال: قلت لعبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص أخبرنى بأشد ما صنع المشركون برسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، قال: بينا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يصلي بفناء الكعبة إذ أقبل عقبة بن أبى معيط فأخذ بمنكب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ولوى ثوبه فى عنقه فخنقه به خنقا شديدا ، فأقبل أبو بكر ، فأخذ بمنكبه، ودفع عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، وقال: ﴿أَتَقْتُلُونَ رَجُلًا أَن يَقُولَ رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ وَقَدْ جَاءَكُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ مِن رَّبِّكُمْ﴾

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Urwah bin Zubair that he said I asked Abdullah bin Amr bin Al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) what was the harshest treatment the polytheists did to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)? Hazrat Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Prophet (peace be upon him) was praying near the Kaaba when Aqabah bin Abi Mu’ayt came and grabbed his blessed shoulder and wrapped his cloth around the Prophet’s neck and strangled him very tightly with that cloth. At that moment, Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) also came and grabbed that wretched man’s shoulder and separated him from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and said, ‘Do you want to kill a person who says my Lord is Allah and who has brought clear proofs of his truthfulness from your Lord?'”

Hadith 7:

وعن عبد الله رضي الله عنه قال: جاء حبر من الأحبار إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: يا محمد إنا نجد أن الله يجعل السموات على إصبع ، والأرضين على إصبع والشجر على إصبع ، والماء والثرى على إصبع ، وسائر الخلائق على إصبع ، فيقول: أنا الملك ، فضحك النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم حتى بدت نواجده تصديقا لقول الحبر ، ثم قرأ رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: ﴿وَ مَا قَدَرُوا اللّٰهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهٖ﴾

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man from the Jewish scholars came to the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) and said: O Muhammad! We find in the Torah that Allah will hold the heavens on one finger, the earth on one finger, the trees on one finger, the water and soil on one finger, and all creatures on one finger, then He will say: I am the King. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) laughed and his front teeth became visible. His smile was a confirmation of this Jewish scholar. Then he recited this verse: And those people did not magnify Allah as He should be magnified.”

Hadith 8:

وعن أبى سعيد رضي الله عنه قال: سمعت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: يكشف ربنا عن ساقه، فيسجد له كل مؤمن ومؤمنة ، فيبقى كل من كان يسجد فى الدنيا رياء وسمعة ، فيذهب ليسجد ، فيعود ظهره طبقا واحدا

“And Abu Saeed Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say: Our Lord will uncover His shin on the Day of Resurrection, and at that time every believing man and every believing woman will prostrate to Him. Only those will remain who used to prostrate for show and fame in this world. When they want to prostrate, their backs will become stiff and they will not be able to turn for prostration.”

Hadith 9:

وعن عبد الله قال: لعن الله الواشمات والموتشمات، والمتنمصات والمتفلجات للحسن ، المغيرات خلق الله، فبلغ ذلك امرأة من بني أسد يقال لها: أم يعقوب، فجاءت فقالت: إنه بلغني عنك أنك لعنت كيت وكيت ، فقال: وما لي لا ألعن من لعن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ومن هو فى كتاب الله؟ فقالت لقد قرأت ما بين اللوحين فما وجدت فيه ما تقول، قال: لئن كنت قرأتيه لقد وجدتيه، أما قرأت: ﴿وَ مَاۤ اٰتٰىكُمُ الرَّسُوْلُ فَخُذُوْهُ وَ مَا نَهٰىكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوْا﴾ She said: Yes, he said: Indeed, he has forbidden it. She said: I see your wife doing it. He said: Then go and see. She went and looked but did not find anything of what she was looking for. He said: If she were like that, I would not have kept her with me.

“And it is narrated from Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that Allah sent a curse upon those who widen the front teeth for beauty and those who do lip tattoos, for they alter the creation of Allah. This statement of Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) became known to a woman from the tribe of Bani Asad, who was known as Umm Ya’qub. She came and said: I have heard that you have cursed such women? Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Why should I not curse those whom the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) has cursed and who are cursed according to the command of the Book of Allah? The woman said: I have also read the Holy Quran, but I have not seen this mentioned anywhere in it. He said: If you had read carefully, you would have found it. Have you not read the verse: ‘Whatever the Messenger gives you, take it, and whatever he forbids you, abstain from it’? She said: Yes, I have read it. Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade these things. The woman said: I think your wife also does this. He said: Very well, go and see. The woman went and looked but did not find any such defect in her. Then Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: If my wife did such a thing, could she have stayed with me? Certainly not.”

Hadith 10:

«عن على رضي الله عنه يقول: بعثني رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم انا والزبير والمقداد، فقال: ” انطلقوا حتى تاتوا روضة خاخ، فإن بها ظعينة معها كتاب، فخذوه منها، فذهبنا تعادى بنا خيلنا حتى اتينا الروضة، فإذا نحن بالظعينة، فقلنا: اخرجي الكتاب، فقالت: ما معي من كتاب، فقلنا: لتخرجن الكتاب، او لنلقين الثياب، فاخرجته من عقاصها، فاتينا به النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم، فإذا فيه من حاطب بن ابي بلتعة إلى اناس من المشركين ممن بمكة يخبرهم ببعض امر النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: ” ما هذا يا حاطب؟ ” قال: لا تعجل على يا رسول الله، إني كنت امرا من قريش ولم اكن من انفسهم، وكان من معك من المهاجرين لهم قرابات يحمون بها اهليهم واموالهم بمكة، فاحببت إذ فاتني من النسب فيهم ان اصطنع إليهم يدا يحمون قرابتي وما فعلت ذلك كفرا ولا ارتدادا عن ديني، فقال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: ” إنه قد صدقكم” فقال عمر: دعني يا رسول الله، فاضرب عنقه، فقال: ” إنه شهد بدرا وما يدريك لعل الله عز وجل اطلع على اهل بدر، فقال: ” اعملوا ما شئتم فقد غفرت لكم»

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) sent me, Hazrat Zubair, and Miqdad (may Allah be pleased with them) and said, ‘Go, and when you reach the garden of Khakh (which was between Mecca and Medina), there you will find a woman in a litter, and with her will be a letter; take that letter from her.’ So we set out, our horses were taking us swiftly. When we reached that garden, indeed we found that woman in the litter. We told her to give the letter. She said she had no letter. We said, ‘Give the letter, or else we will strip you and search you.’ Finally, she took the letter from her braid. We took that letter and presented it to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). In that letter was written from Hatib bin Abi Balta’ah to some of the polytheists who were in Mecca. In the letter, he mentioned the preparations of the Prophet (peace be upon him). The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked, ‘What is this?’ He said, ‘O Messenger of Allah! Do not be hasty with me. I used to be an ally of Quraysh (during my stay in Mecca), but I had no kinship with their tribe or family. On the contrary, the other emigrants with you have relatives in Quraysh, and because of their consideration, Quraysh protect their families and wealth in Mecca. I wished that since I have no blood relation with them, at this moment I would do them a favor so that they would protect my relatives in Mecca. O Messenger of Allah! I did not do this out of disbelief or apostasy from my religion.’ The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, ‘Indeed, he has spoken the truth to you.’ Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ‘O Messenger of Allah! Allow me to strike off his neck.’ The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, ‘He was with us in the Battle of Badr. What do you know? Allah was fully aware of the conditions of the people of Badr, and despite that, He said, “Do as you wish, for I have forgiven you.”‘ ”

Hadith 11:

وعن زر، عن عبد الله ﴿فَكَانَ قَابَ قَوْسَيْنِ أَوْ أَدْنَىٰ‏ فَأَوْحَىٰ إِلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ مَا أَوْحَىٰ﴾ قال: حدثنا ابن مسعود: أنه رأى جبريل له ست مائة جناح

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Zar bin Hubaysh, who explained the interpretation of the following verses from Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood (RA): Only the distance of two bows remained or even less, then He revealed to His servant what He revealed. Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood (RA) said: Indeed, you (the Prophet ﷺ) saw Hazrat Jibra’il (AS) in his original form, having six hundred wings.”

Hadith 12:

«وعن أنس بن مالك رضي الله عنه: أن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم افتقد ثابت بن قيس، فقال رجل: يا رسول الله! أنا أعلم لك علمه، فأتاه فوجده جالسا فى بيته منكسا رأسه، فقال له: ما شأنك؟ فقال: شر، كان يرفع صوته فوق صوت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم فقد حبط عمله وهو من أهل النار ، فأتى الرجل النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم ، فأخبره أنه قال كذا وكذا ، فقال موسى: فرجع إليه المرة الآخرة، ببشارة عظيمة ، فقال: اذهب إليه فقل له: إنك لست من أهل النار ، ولكنك من أهل الجنة»

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) did not find Hazrat Thabit bin Qais (may Allah be pleased with him). A companion said: O Messenger of Allah! I will bring news of him to you. Then he went to Thabit bin Qais (may Allah be pleased with him) and saw him sitting with his head bowed down. He asked, ‘How are you?’ He said, ‘I am in a bad state because I used to speak loudly to compete with the voice of the Noble Prophet (peace be upon him), but now all good deeds have been taken away from me and I have been placed among the people of Hell.’ He then went to the Noble Prophet (peace be upon him) and informed him of what he had said. Hazrat Musa bin Anas narrated that the man came again to him bringing great glad tidings. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had said: ‘Go to him and say that you are not among the people of Hell, rather you are among the people of Paradise.'”

Hadith 13:

وعن جرير بن عبد الله قال: كنا جلوسا ليلة مع النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم فنظر إلى القمر ليلة أربع عشرة فقال: إنكم سترون ربكم كما ترون هذا لا تضامون فى رؤيته ، فإن استطعتم أن لا تغلبوا على صلاة قبل طلوع الشمس ، وقبل غروبها فافعلوا، ثم قرأ: ﴿وَ سَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ قَبْلَ طُلُوْعِ الشَّمْسِ وَ قَبْلَ الْغُرُوْبِ﴾

And Hazrat Jarir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that one night we were sitting with the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), it was the fourteenth night. The Prophet (peace be upon him) looked at the moon and then said: Surely you will see your Lord just as you see this moon; in its sight, you will not jostle each other (but will look at each other with great calmness without pushing). Therefore, if it is possible for you, do not leave prayer before the sun rises and before it sets. Then he recited this verse: “And glorify the praise of your Lord before the sun rises and before it sets.”

Hadith 14:

وعن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: أتى رجل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: يا رسول الله أصابنى الجهد ، فأرسل إلى نسائه فلم يجد عندهن شيئا، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: ألا رجل يضيفه هذه الليلة ، يرحمه الله؟ فقام رجل من الأنصار فقال: أنا يا رسول الله ، فذهب إلى أهله فقال لامرأته: ضيف رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لا تدخـريه شيئا، قالت: والله ما عندي إلا قوت الصبية، قال: فإذا أراد الصبية العشاء فنوميهم وتعالى فأطفئي السراج ، ونطوى بطوننا الليلة ، ففعلت ، ثم غدا الرجل على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: لقد عجب الله عزوجل، أو ضحك من فلان وفلانة ، فأنزل الله عز وجل: ﴿وَ يُؤْثِرُوْنَ عَلٰۤى اَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ لَوْ كَانَ بِهِمْ خَصَاصَةٌ﴾

“And Hazrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that a man came to the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! I am starving. The Prophet (peace be upon him) sent him to the Pure Wives (may Allah be pleased with them) to invite him, but they had nothing to eat. He said: Is there no one who will host this guest tonight? May Allah have mercy on him. Then an Ansari companion (Abu Talha, may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah! He is my guest today. Then he took him to his house and told his wife that these are the guests of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), do not save anything from them. The wife said: By Allah, I have nothing except the children’s food at this time. The Ansari companion said: If the children ask for food, put them to sleep and come, also extinguish the lamp; tonight we will remain hungry. The wife did so. Then the Ansari companion came to the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) in the morning, and the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Allah was pleased with so-and-so (the Ansari companion) and his wife (for their deed). Or (he said) Allah smiled. Then Allah revealed this verse ﴿وَ يُؤْثِرُوْنَ عَلٰۤى اَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ لَوْ كَانَ بِهِمْ خَصَاصَةٌ﴾ meaning: “And they prefer (others) over themselves, even though they themselves are in poverty.””

Hadith 15:

«وعن زيد بن أرقم رضي الله عنه قال: كنت مع عمي فسمعت عبد الله بن أبى ابن سلول يقول: لا تنفقوا على من عند رسول الله حتى ينفضوا . وقال أيضا: لئن رجعنا إلى المدينة ليخرجن الأعز منها الأذل . فذكرت ذلك لعمي، فذكر عمي لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فأرسل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى عبد الله بن أبى وأصحابه فحلفوا ما قالوا فصدقهم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وكذبني، فأصابني هم لم يصبني مثله قط فجلست فى بيتي، فأنزل الله عزوجل ﴿اِذَا جَآءَكَ الْمُنٰفِقُوْنَ﴾ to the statement: ﴿هُمُ الَّذِيْنَ يَقُوْلُوْنَ لَا تُنْفِقُوْا عَلٰى مَنْ عِنْدَ رَسُوْلِ اللّٰهِ﴾ to the statement: ﴿لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْاَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْاَذَلَّ﴾, then the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, sent for me, recited it to me and then said: Indeed, Allah has confirmed your statement.”

“And Hazrat Zaid bin Arqam, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated that I was with my uncle (Saad bin Ubadah or Abdullah bin Rawahah, may Allah be pleased with them). I heard Abdullah bin Abi bin Salul saying that do not spend on those who are with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, so that they may flee from him. He also said that if we return to Medina now, the honorable one will expel the disgraced ones from there. I conveyed this statement to my uncle, and he mentioned it to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, summoned Abdullah bin Abi and his companions. They swore that they had not said such a thing. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, believed them and considered me a liar. I was so hurt by this that I had never been so hurt before, then I sat inside the house. Then Allah Almighty revealed this Surah: ﴿اِذَا جَآءَكَ الْمُنٰفِقُوْنَ﴾ up to this verse ﴿لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْاَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْاَذَلَّ﴾. Then the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, called me and recited this Surah in front of me and then said: Allah has confirmed your statement.”

Hadith 16:

«وعن أبى سعيد رضي الله عنه قال: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يتعوذ من الجان وعين الإنسان حتى نزلت المعوذتان فلما نزلتا أخذ بهما وترك ما سواهما»

Al-Muhaddith Al-Albani has declared it authentic.
“And it is narrated from Abu Saeed Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) used to seek refuge from the jinn and the evil eye of humans until the Mu’awwidhatayn (Surahs Al-Falaq and An-Nas) were revealed. When they were revealed, he began to use them for ruqyah (spiritual healing) and abandoned all other ruqyahs.”

Hadith 17:

«وعن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما قال بينما جبريل عليه السلام قاعد عند النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم سمع نقيضا من فوقه فرفع رأسه فقال: هذا باب من السماء فتح اليوم لم يفتح قط إلا اليوم فنزل منه ملك فقال: هذا ملك نزل إلى الأرض لم ينزل قط إلا اليوم فسلم وقال أبشر بنورين أوتيتهما لم يؤتهما نبي قبلك فاتحة الكتاب وخواتيم سورة البقرة ، لن تقرأ بحرف منهما إلا أعطيته»

“And Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that once Hazrat Jibra’il (Gabriel) (peace be upon him) was sitting with the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) when they heard a loud sound of a door opening from above. He looked up and said that this is a door of the sky which had never been opened before. From it, an angel descended to the earth who had never descended before. He came forward and greeted (the Prophet) and said: ‘Two blessed lights are granted to you, which were never given to any prophet before you. One is Surah Al-Fatiha and the other is the last two verses of Surah Al-Baqarah. Whoever recites these two verses, their requested need will surely be granted.'”

Hadith 18:

«وعن النواس بن سمعان الكلابي يقول: سمعت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: يؤتى بالقرآن يوم القيامة وأهله الذين كانوا يعملون به ، تقدمه سورة البقرة وآل عمران ، وضرب لهما رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ثلاثة أمثال ما نسيتهن بعد، قال: كأنهما غمامتان أو ظلتان سوداوان بينهما شرق أو كأنهما حزقان من طير صواف تحاجان عن صاحبهما»

“And in another narration from Hazrat Nuwaas bin Samaan (RA), the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: On the Day of Resurrection, the Quran and those who acted upon it will be brought forth. Surah Al-Baqarah and Surah Aal Imran will be at the forefront. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) also gave three examples for them which I have never forgotten. He (PBUH) said: It is as if these two Surahs are two clouds or two dense shades with lightning in them, or two flocks of birds with their wings spread out, pleading on behalf of their reciters.”

Hadith 19:

وعن أنس بن مالك رضى الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: سورة (في) القرآن خاصمت عن صاحبها حتى أدخلته الجنة: ﴿تَبٰرَكَ الَّذِيْ بِيَدِهِ الْمُلْكُ٘﴾

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: There is a Surah in the Holy Quran which will argue on behalf of its companion (i.e., the one who recites it) for forgiveness on the Day of Judgment until it causes him to enter Paradise, and that Surah is ﴿تَبٰرَكَ الَّذِيْ بِيَدِهِ الْمُلْكُ٘﴾.”

Hadith 20:

«وعن عائشة أن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم بعث رجلا على سرية وكان يقرأ لأصحابه فى صلاتهم فيختم بـ ﴿قُلْ هُوَ اللّٰهُ اَحَدٌ﴾ When they returned, they mentioned this to the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم, who said: Ask him why he does that. They asked him, and he said: Because it is an attribute of the Most Merciful, and I love to recite it. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said: Tell him that Allah loves him for it.

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Aisha رضي الله عنها that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم appointed a man as the leader of an army. When he led his companions in prayer, he would always recite ﴿قُلْ هُوَ اللّٰهُ اَحَدٌ﴾ at the end of the recitation. When these people returned, they mentioned this matter to the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم. He said: Ask him why he does so. When asked, he explained that this blessed Surah describes the attribute of the Most Merciful, and therefore he loved to recite it. Upon hearing this, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said: Tell him that Allah also loves him for it.”

Hadith 21:

«وعن أبى سعيد الخدري قال: كنا فى مسير لنا فنزلنا، فجاءت جارية فقالت: إن سيد الحي سليم ، وإن نفرنا غيب فهل منكم راق؟ فقام معها رجل ما كنا نأبنه برقية فرقاه فبرأ ، فأمر له بثلاثين شاة وسقانا لبنا ، فلما رجع قلنا له: أكنت تحسن رقية أو كنت ترقي؟ قال: لا ، ما رقيت إلا بأم الكتاب، قلنا: لا تحدثوا شيئا حتى نأتي أو نسأل النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم فلما قدمنا المدينة ذكرناه للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: وما كان يدريه أنها رقية ، اقسموا واضربوا لي بسهم»

“And Abu Saeed Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that we were on a (military) journey and at night we camped near a tribe. Then a slave girl came and said that the chief of the tribe had been bitten by a scorpion and the men of our tribe were not present. Is there anyone among you who can perform ruqyah (spiritual healing) for a scorpion bite? One of the Companions (Abu Saeed himself) stood with her. We knew that he did not know ruqyah, but he performed ruqyah on the chief of the tribe and he recovered. In gratitude, he ordered thirty goats to be given and gave us milk to drink. When he returned after performing ruqyah, we asked him: Do you really know any incantation? He said: No, I only recited Surah Al-Fatiha and blew on him. We said: Okay, until we ask the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) about this, do not say anything about these goats on your own. So when we reached Madinah, we mentioned it to the Prophet (peace be upon him), and he said: How did they know that Surah Al-Fatiha is also an incantation? (Go, this wealth is lawful) distribute it and include my share in it.”

Hadith 22:

«وعن أسيد بن حضير قال: بينما هو يقرأ من الليل سورة البقرة وفرسه مربوطة عنده ، إذ جالت الفرس ، فسكت فسكتت فقرأ فجالت الفرس ، فسكت وسكتت الفرس ثم قرأ فجالت الفرس ، فانصرف وكان ابنه يحيى قريبا منها فأشفق أن تصيبه، فلما اجتره رفع رأسه إلى السماء حتى ما يراها ، فلما أصبح حدث النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال له: اقرأ يا ابن حضير، اقرأ يا ابن حضير، قال: فأشفقت يا رسول الله أن تطأ يحيى وكان منها قريبا ، فرفعت رأسي فانصرفت إليه فرفعت رأسي إلى السماء، فإذا مثل الظلة فيها أمثال المصابيح فخرجت حتى لا أراها . قال: وتدري ما ذاك؟ قال: لا ، قال: تلك الملائكة دنت لصوتك، ولو قرأت لأصبحت ينظر الناس إليها ، لا تتوارى منهم»

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Asid bin Hudhair (may Allah be pleased with him) that he was reciting Surah Al-Baqarah at night, and his horse was tied nearby. Suddenly, the horse started to move restlessly, so he stopped reciting, and the horse also stopped. When he resumed recitation, the horse again became restless. The second time he stopped reciting, the horse calmed down again. The third time he started reciting, the horse again became restless. His son Yahya was near the horse, and fearing that the horse might harm him, he stopped reciting and moved the child away. Then he looked up towards the sky but saw nothing. In the morning, he narrated this incident to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: ‘Ibn Hudhair! You should have continued reciting without stopping.’ He replied: ‘O Messenger of Allah! I was afraid that the horse might trample my son Yahya, who was very close to it. I looked up and then went to Yahya. Then I looked up towards the sky again and saw something like an umbrella with bright lamps. When I came out again, I did not see it.’ The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: ‘Do you know what that was?’ Asid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: ‘No.’ The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: ‘Those were angels who were coming closer to listen to your voice. If you had continued reciting all night, by morning others would have seen them too, for they do not hide from people.'”

Hadith 23:

«وعن أنس رضي الله عنه عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: يجتمع المؤمنون يوم القيامة، فيقولون: لو استشفعنا إلى ربنا فياتون آدم فيقولون: انت ابو الناس خلقك الله بيده واسجد لك ملائكته، وعلمك اسماء كل شيء، فاشفع لنا عند ربك حتى يريحنا من مكاننا هذا، فيقول: لست هناكم ويذكر ذنبه، فيستحي ائتوا نوحا، فإنه اول رسول بعثه الله إلى اهل الارض، فياتونه، فيقول: لست هناكم ويذكر سؤاله ربه ما ليس له به علم فيستحي، فيقول: ائتوا خليل الرحمن، فياتونه، فيقول: لست هناكم ائتوا موسى عبدا كلمه الله، واعطاه التوراة، فياتونه، فيقول: لست هناكم، ويذكر قتل النفس بغير نفس فيستحي من ربه، فيقول: ائتوا عيسى عبد الله ورسوله، وكلمة الله وروحه، فيقول: لست هناكم ائتوا محمدا صلى الله عليه وسلم عبدا غفر الله له ما تقدم من ذنبه وما تاخر، فياتوني، فانطلق حتى استاذن على ربي، فيؤذن لي، فإذا رايت ربي وقعت ساجدا، فيدعني ما شاء الله، ثم يقال: ارفع راسك وسل تعطه، وقل يسمع، واشفع تشفع، فارفع راسي فاحمده بتحميد يعلمنيه، ثم اشفع فيحد لي حدا، فادخلهم الجنة، ثم اعود إليه فإذا رايت ربي مثله، ثم اشفع فيحد لي حدا، فادخلهم الجنة، ثم اعود الرابعة، فاقول: ما بقي فى النار إلا من حبسه القرآن ووجب عليه الخلود»

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: On the Day of Resurrection, the believers will gather in distress and say among themselves, ‘It would have been better if today we had someone to intercede for us before our Lord.’ Then all will present themselves before Adam (peace be upon him) and say, ‘You are the father of mankind. Allah created you with His own hands. He commanded the angels to prostrate to you and taught you the names of everything. Intercede for us before our Lord so that we may be saved from this calamity today.’ Adam (peace be upon him) will say, ‘I am not worthy of this,’ and he will remember his slip, and he will feel ashamed to go before the Lord. They will be told to go to Noah (peace be upon him). He was the first prophet sent by Allah to the people of the earth after me.’ All will present themselves before Noah (peace be upon him). He will also say, ‘I am not worthy,’ and he will remember his question to his Lord about which he had no knowledge. He will also feel ashamed and tell them to go to Allah’s friend (Khalil), Abraham (peace be upon him). People will present themselves before him, but he will also say, ‘I am not worthy.’ ‘Go to Moses (peace be upon him), to whom Allah spoke and gave the Torah.’ People will come to him, but he will also excuse himself, saying he does not have the courage. He will remember killing a man without right and will feel ashamed going before his Lord. They will be told to go to Jesus (peace be upon him), the servant and messenger of Allah, His word and His spirit. But Jesus (peace be upon him) will also say, ‘I do not have the courage.’ ‘Go to Muhammad (peace be upon him), the accepted servant of Allah, whose all past and future sins have been forgiven by Allah.’ So people will come to me, and I will go with them and seek permission from my Lord. I will be granted permission, and when I see my Lord, I will fall prostrate in worship and remain in prostration as long as Allah wills. Then I will be told to raise my head and ask for whatever I wish; it will be granted. Whatever I say will be heard. I will intercede, and my intercession will be accepted. I will raise my head and praise Allah with the praise that He has taught me. Then I will intercede, and a limit will be set for me. I will admit them into Paradise, and when I return, I will see my Lord as before and intercede again. This time, a limit will again be set for me for those I admit into Paradise. The fourth time I return, I will say that there is no one left except those whom the Qur’an has decreed to remain in Hell forever.”

Hadith 24:

«وعن عبد الله قال: سألت النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: أى الذنب أعظم عند الله؟ قال: أن تجعل لله ندا وهو خلقك، قلت: إن ذلك لعظيم ، قلت: ثم أي؟ قال: وأن تقتل ولدك تخاف أن يطعم معك ، قلت: ثم أي؟ قال: أن تزاني حليلة جارك»

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood (RA) that I asked the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH): Which sin is the greatest in the sight of Allah? He said: That you associate partners with Allah while He alone created you. I said: That is indeed the greatest sin, then which sin is the next greatest? He said: That you kill your children out of fear that they will share your food. I asked: And after that? He said: That you commit adultery with your neighbor’s wife.”

Hadith 25:

«وعن عروة قال: قالت عائشة: معاذ الله ، والله ما وعد الله رسوله من شيء قط إلا علم أنه كائن قبل أن يموت ، ولكن لم يزل البلاء بالرسل حتى خافوا أن يكون من معهم يكذبونهم فكانت تقرؤها: ﴿وَ ظَنُّوْۤا اَنَّهُمْ قَدْ كُذِبُوْا﴾ with shaddah»

“And Hazrat Urwah narrates: Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) used to say: I seek refuge in Allah! By Allah! Allah never promised His Messenger anything except that he knew it would surely be fulfilled before his death. The matter is that the prophets were constantly tested. (The help was delayed so much) that the Prophet became afraid. He feared that the people of his Ummah might consider him a liar. So Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) used to recite this verse as: ﴿وَ ظَنُّوْۤا اَنَّهُمْ قَدْ كُذِبُوْا﴾ (with the letter Dhal having a shaddah).”

Hadith 26:

وعن أبى هريرة رضى الله عنه عن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: خلق الله الخلق فلما فرغ منه قامت الرحم فأخذت ، فقال له: مه . قالت: هذا مقام العائذ بك من القطيعة، قال: ألا ترضين أن أصل من وصلك ، وأقطع من قطعك؟ قالت: بلى يا رب . قال فذاك قال أبو هريرة اقرءوا إن شئتم: ﴿فَهَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ اِنْ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ اَنْ تُفْسِدُوْا فِي الْاَرْضِ وَ تُقَطِّعُوْۤا اَرْحَامَكُمْ﴾

And Hazrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: Allah created the creation, and when He finished their creation, the Rahm (ties of kinship) stood up and sought refuge with Allah, the Most Merciful. Allah said to it, “Are you not pleased that I join whoever joins you, and cut off whoever cuts you off?” The Rahm replied, “Yes, my Lord!” Allah said, “Then it will be so.” Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) said: If you wish, recite this verse: “If you remain aloof, do you think that you will cause corruption on earth and sever your ties among yourselves?”

Hadith 27:

وعن أبى هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: نحن أحق بالشك من إبراهيم إذ قال: ﴿رَبِّ اَرِنِيْ كَيْفَ تُحْيِ الْمَوْتٰى قَالَ اَوَ لَمْ تُؤْمِنْ قَالَ بَلٰى وَ لٰـكِنْ لِّيَطْمَىٕنَّ قَلْبِيْ﴾

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: We have more right to doubt than Ibrahim (peace be upon him), when he said: O my Lord! Show me how You give life to the dead. It was revealed from Allah: Do you not believe? He said: I do believe, but I asked this so that my heart may be more at ease.”

Hadith 28:

«وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت: تلا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم هذه الآية: ﴿هُوَ الَّذِيْۤ اَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتٰبَ مِنْهُ اٰيٰتٌ مُّحْكَمٰتٌ هُنَّ اُمُّ الْكِتٰبِ وَ اُخَرُ مُتَشٰبِهٰتٌ فَاَمَّا الَّذِيْنَ فِيْ قُلُوْبِهِمْ زَيْغٌ فَيَتَّبِعُوْنَ مَا تَشَابَهَ مِنْهُ ابْتِغَآءَ الْفِتْنَةِ وَ ابْتِغَآءَ تَاْوِيْلِهٖ وَ مَا يَعْلَمُ تَاْوِيْلَهٗۤ اِلَّا اللّٰهُ وَ الرّٰسِخُوْنَ فِي الْعِلْمِ يَقُوْلُوْنَ اٰمَنَّا بِهٖۙ كُلٌّ مِّنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّنَاۚ وَ مَا يَذَّكَّرُ اِلَّاۤ اُولُوا الْاَلْبَابِ﴾ She said: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: “When you see those who follow what is ambiguous in it, then those are the ones whom Allah has named, so beware of them.”

“And Hazrat Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, recited this verse: He it is Who has sent down to you the Book; in it are verses that are precise—they are the foundation of the Book—and others are ambiguous. As for those in whose hearts is deviation, they follow that which is ambiguous, seeking discord and seeking its interpretation wrongly. Until the verse ﴿اُولُوا الْاَلْبَابِ﴾. Hazrat Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: When you see such people who cling to the ambiguous verses, then know that these are the very people whom Allah has mentioned (in the above verse), so beware of them.”

Hadith 29:

«وعن ابن عباس قال: حدثني ابو سفيان من فيه إلى في، قال: انطلقت فى المدة التى كانت بيني وبين رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال: فبينا انا بالشام إذ جيء بكتاب من النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى هرقل، قال: وكان دحية الكلبي جاء به فدفعه إلى عظيم بصرى، فدفعه عظيم بصرى إلى هرقل، قال: فقال هرقل: هل ها هنا احد من قوم هذا الرجل الذى يزعم انه نبي؟ فقالوا: نعم، قال: فدعيت فى نفر من قريش فدخلنا على هرقل فاجلسنا بين يديه، فقال: ايكم اقرب نسبا من هذا الرجل الذى يزعم انه نبي؟ فقال: ابو سفيان، فقلت: انا، فاجلسوني بين يديه واجلسوا اصحابي خلفي، ثم دعا بترجمانه، فقال: قل لهم إني سائل هذا عن هذا الرجل الذى يزعم انه نبي، فإن كذبني، فكذبوه، قال ابو سفيان: وايم الله لولا ان يؤثروا على الكذب لكذبت، ثم قال لترجمانه: سله كيف حسبه فيكم؟ قال: قلت: هو فينا ذو حسب، قال: فهل كان من آبائه ملك؟ قال: قلت: لا، قال: فهل كنتم تتهمونه بالكذب قبل ان يقول ما قال؟ قلت: لا، قال: ايتبعه اشراف الناس ام ضعفاؤهم؟ قال: قلت: بل ضعفاؤهم، قال: يزيدون او ينقصون، قال: قلت: لا، بل يزيدون، قال: هل يرتد احد منهم عن دينه بعد ان يدخل فيه سخطة له؟ قال: قلت: لا، قال: فهل قاتلتموه؟ قال: قلت: نعم، قال: فكيف كان قتالكم إياه؟ قال: قلت: تكون الحرب بيننا وبينه سجالا، يصيب منا ونصيب منه، قال: فهل يغدر؟ قال: قلت: لا، ونحن منه فى هذه المدة لا ندري ما هو صانع فيها، قال: والله ما امكنني من كلمة ادخل فيها شيئا غير هذه، قال: فهل قال هذا القول احد قبله؟ قلت: لا، ثم قال لترجمانه: قل له إني سالتك عن حسبه فيكم، فزعمت انه فيكم ذو حسب، وكذلك الرسل تبعث فى احساب قومها، وسالتك هل كان فى آبائه ملك؟ فزعمت ان لا، فقلت: لو كان من آبائه ملك قلت رجل يطلب ملك آبائه، وسالتك عن اتباعه اضعفاؤهم ام اشرافهم؟ فقلت: بل ضعفاؤهم، وهم اتباع الرسل، وسالتك هل كنتم تتهمونه بالكذب قبل ان يقول ما قال؟ فزعمت ان لا، فعرفت انه لم يكن ليدع الكذب على الناس، ثم يذهب فيكذب على الله، وسالتك هل يرتد احد منهم عن دينه بعد ان يدخل فيه سخطة له؟ فزعمت ان لا، وكذلك الإيمان إذا خالط بشاشة القلوب، وسالتك هل يزيدون ام ينقصون؟ فزعمت انهم يزيدون، وكذلك الإيمان حتى يتم، وسالتك هل قاتلتموه؟ فزعمت انكم قاتلتموه، فتكون الحرب بينكم وبينه سجالا، ينال منكم، وتنالون منه، وكذلك الرسل تبتلى، ثم تكون لهم العاقبة، وسالتك هل يغدر؟ فزعمت انه لا يغدر، وكذلك الرسل لا تغدر، وسالتك هل قال احد هذا القول قبله؟ فزعمت ان لا، فقلت: لو كان قال هذا القول احد قبله، قلت رجل ائتم بقول قيل قبله، قال: ثم قال: بم يامركم؟ قال: قلت: يامرنا بالصلاة، والزكاة، والصلة، والعفاف، قال: إن يك ما تقول فيه حقا، فإنه نبي، وقد كنت اعلم انه خارج، ولم اك اظنه منكم، ولو اني اعلم اني اخلص إليه، لاحببت لقاءه، ولو كنت عنده لغسلت عن قدميه، وليبلغن ملكه ما تحت قدمي، قال ثم دعا بكتاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقراه، فإذا فيه” بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم، من محمد رسول الله إلى هرقل عظيم الروم، سلام على من اتبع الهدى، اما بعد، فإني ادعوك بدعاية الإسلام، اسلم تسلم، واسلم يؤتك الله اجرك مرتين، فإن توليت، فإن عليك إثم الاريسيين، و ﴿يٰۤاَهْلَ الْكِتٰبِ تَعَالَوْا اِلٰى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَآءٍۭ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَكُمْ اَلَّا نَعْبُدَ اِلَّا اللّٰهَ﴾, up to the saying: ﴿اشْهَدُوْا بِاَنَّا مُسْلِمُوْنَ﴾, when he finished reading the letter, voices rose around him, and there was much commotion. He ordered us out, so we were taken out. I said to my companions as we left: Indeed, Ibn Abi Kabsha’s matter has reached such a point that the king of Bani Asfar fears him. I remained certain of the matter of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, that he would prevail until Allah brought Islam into my heart. Al-Zuhri said: Then Heraclius summoned the nobles of Rome and gathered them in a hall. He said: O Romans, do you desire success and guidance forever? And that your kingdom remains firm? They surrounded the gates like wild beasts, but found them closed. He said: Bring them to me. When they were brought, he said: I was merely testing your steadfastness in your religion. I have seen from you what I liked. So they prostrated to him and were pleased with him.

“And Hazrat Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, narrated that Abu Sufyan, may Allah be pleased with him, told me face to face that during the period between me and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, (according to the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah), I had gone on a trading journey to Syria when the letter of the Prophet, peace be upon him, reached Heraclius. He said that Dihyah Kalbi, may Allah be pleased with him, had brought that letter and handed it over to the great Basri, and it reached Heraclius through him. Abu Sufyan said that Heraclius asked: Are there people of this man’s nation who claim prophethood within our kingdom’s borders? The courtiers said yes, there are. Abu Sufyan said that then I was called along with some other Quraysh men. We entered Heraclius’s court and were seated before him. He asked: Who among you is closest to this man who claims prophethood? Abu Sufyan said: I am the closest. Then the courtiers seated me very close to the king and my other companions behind me. Then the interpreter was called, and Heraclius said to him: Tell them that I will ask you some questions about the one who claims prophethood, and if he (i.e., Abu Sufyan) lies, you should expose his lie. Abu Sufyan said: By Allah! If I were not afraid that my companions might falsely report lies about me, I would have lied about the Prophet, peace be upon him. Then Heraclius told his interpreter to ask him about the lineage of the one who claims prophethood. Abu Sufyan said that his lineage is very honorable among us. He asked: Were any kings among his forefathers? I said: No. He asked: Before his claim of prophethood, was he ever accused of lying? I said: No. He asked: Do the respectable or the weak people mostly follow him? I said: Mostly the weak people of the nation. He asked: Does the number of his followers increase or decrease? I said: It increases. He asked: Has anyone ever accepted his religion and then, out of suspicion, left it? I said: No, never. He asked: Have you ever fought against him? I said: Yes. He asked: What was the outcome of your fighting? I said: Our fighting was like a seesaw, sometimes in their favor and sometimes in ours. He asked: Have they ever deceived you? I said: Not yet, but currently we have a treaty with them, so it cannot be said what their conduct will be. Abu Sufyan said: By Allah! I did not add anything to this entire conversation except this sentence. Then he asked: Has anyone before him made such a claim among you? I said: No. Then Heraclius told his interpreter: Tell him that I asked you about the Prophet’s lineage, and you said he is considered honorable and of high lineage among you. This is also the case with prophets; their mission always comes from noble families. I asked if any kings had passed among his forefathers, and you denied it. I concluded that if any kings had passed among his forefathers, he might have wanted to reclaim his family kingdom in this way. I asked about his followers, whether they are weak or noble, and you said mostly weak. This class has always followed the prophets. I asked if you ever suspected him of lying before his claim of prophethood, and you denied it. I understood that a person who never lied in worldly matters would not lie in matters of Allah. I asked if anyone ever left his religion after accepting it out of suspicion, and you denied it. This is the effect of faith when it penetrates the heart deeply. I asked if the number of his followers increases or decreases, and you said it increases. This is the nature of faith until it reaches perfection. I asked if you ever fought him, and you said yes, and the outcome was sometimes in your favor and sometimes in his. This is also the case with prophets; they are tested, and in the end, the outcome is in their favor. I asked if he ever broke a treaty with you, and you denied it. Prophets never break treaties. I asked if anyone before him made such a claim, and you said no. I concluded that if someone had made such a claim before, it could be said that they were imitating him. Then he asked what commands he gives you. I said: Prayer, Zakat, maintaining kinship ties, and chastity. Finally, he said: If what you have told me is true, then surely he is a prophet. I also knew that the time of his prophethood was near, but I did not think he would be from your nation. If I were sure I could reach him, I would certainly meet him, and if I were in his service, I would wash his feet, and his rule would reach as far as my two feet. Abu Sufyan said that then he asked for the letter of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and read it. It said: In the name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate. From the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) to the great Rome, Heraclius, peace be upon him who follows guidance. As for what follows: I invite you to Islam. Embrace Islam and you will find peace, and Allah will give you double reward. But if you turn away, the burden of your people’s disbelief will be upon you. O People of the Book! Come to a word that is common between us and you, that we worship none but Allah alone, as Allah says ﴿اشْهَدُوْا بِاَنَّا مُسْلِمُوْنَ﴾. When Heraclius finished reading the letter, there was a great commotion in the court, and then we were expelled from the court. Upon coming out, I said to my companions that the matter of Ibn Abi Kabsha has reached such a point that even the king of Bani Asfar (Heraclius) fears him. After this event, I became certain that the Prophet, peace be upon him, would prevail, and finally, Allah illuminated Islam in my heart as well. Al-Zuhri said that then Heraclius summoned the leaders of Rome and gathered them in a special room. He said: O Romans! Do you always desire success and goodness, and that your kingdom remains in your hands? (If so, accept Islam.) The narrator said that upon hearing this, they all rushed toward the door like wild beasts, but the door was closed. Then Heraclius called them back and said: I was testing how firm you are in your religion. Now I have seen what I liked, so all the courtiers prostrated to him and were pleased with him.”

Hadith 30:

«وعن أنس بن مالك رضي الله عنه يقول: كان أبو طلحة أكثر أنصاري بالمدينة نخلا ، وكان أحب أمواله إليه بير حاء وكانت مستقبلة المسجد ، وكان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يدخلها ويشرب من ماء فيها طيب ، فلما أنزلت: ﴿لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتّٰى تُنْفِقُوْا مِمَّا تُحِبُّوْنَ﴾, Abu Talha stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah! Allah says: ﴿لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتّٰى تُنْفِقُوْا مِمَّا تُحِبُّوْنَ﴾ and the most beloved of my wealth is the Bir Ha’ garden, and it is charity for Allah. I hope for its reward and treasure with Allah, so place it, O Messenger of Allah, wherever Allah guides you. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: Excellent! That is perishable wealth, that is perishable wealth, and I have heard what you said, and I see that you should give it to your relatives. Abu Talha said: I will do so, O Messenger of Allah. So Abu Talha distributed it among his relatives and his clan. Abdullah ibn Yusuf and Rawh ibn Ubada said: That is profitable wealth. Yahya narrated to me, Yahya ibn Yahya said: I read from Malik: perishable wealth.

And it is narrated from Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, that in Medina, Abu Talha, may Allah be pleased with him, had the most date palm trees among the Ansar, and the Bir Ha’ garden was the dearest of all his property. This garden was right in front of the Prophet’s Mosque, and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, used to visit it and drink its sweet and excellent water. Then when the verse “Until you spend from that which you love, you will not attain righteousness” was revealed, Abu Talha, may Allah be pleased with him, stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah! Allah Almighty says: “Until you spend from that which you love, you will not attain righteousness,” and my dearest wealth is Bir Ha’, and it is charity in the way of Allah. I hope for its reward and recompense from Allah alone, so O Messenger of Allah, use it wherever you see fit. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: Good! That was perishable wealth, that was perishable wealth. I have heard what you said, and I think you should give it to your relatives and kin. Abu Talha, may Allah be pleased with him, said: I will do so, O Messenger of Allah! So he distributed that garden among his relatives and his kin. Abdullah ibn Yusuf and Ruh ibn Ubada have narrated ذالك مال رابح (from the root r-b-h), meaning this wealth is very profitable.

Hadith 31:

وعن ابن عباس: ﴿حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيْلُ﴾ It was said by Ibrahim (peace be upon him) when he was thrown into the fire, and it was said by Muhammad (peace be upon him) when they said: ﴿اِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُوْا لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزَادَهُمْ اِيْمَانًا وَّ قَالُوْا حَسْبُنَا اللّٰهُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيْلُ﴾

“And Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the phrase ﴿حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيْلُ﴾ was said by Ibrahim (peace be upon him) when he was thrown into the fire, and this same phrase was said by Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) when people tried to frighten the Muslims by saying that the people (i.e., Quraysh) had gathered a large military force against you, so fear them. But this only increased the Muslims’ faith and enthusiasm, and they said: Allah is sufficient for us, and He is the best disposer of affairs.”

Hadith 32:

وعن أبى هريرة رضى الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: من آتاه الله مالا فلم يؤد زكاته ، مثل له ماله شجاعا أقرع ، له زبيبتان، يطوقه يوم القيامة يأخذ بلهزمتيه – يعني بشدقيه – يقول: أنا مالك ، أنا كنزك ، ثم تلا هذه الآية: ﴿وَ لَا يَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِيْنَ يَبْخَلُوْنَ بِمَاۤ اٰتٰىهُمُ اللّٰهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهٖ﴾ until the end of the verse

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Whoever Allah has given wealth and then he does not pay its zakat, then (in the Hereafter) his wealth will appear in the form of a very poisonous snake with two spots above its eyes. It will be placed around his neck like a collar, then the snake will seize him by his jaws and say: I am your wealth, I am your treasure. Then he recited this verse: ‘And let not those who withhold what Allah has given them of His bounty think that it is better for them…’ until the end.”

Hadith 33:

«وعن ابي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه، النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم، قالوا: يا رسول الله، هل نرى ربنا يوم القيامة؟ قال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: ” نعم، هل تضارون فى رؤية الشمس بالظهيرة، ضوء ليس فيها سحاب؟ ” قالوا: لا، قال: ” وهل تضارون فى رؤية القمر ليلة البدر، ضوء ليس فيها سحاب؟ ” قالوا: لا، قال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: ” ما تضارون فى رؤية الله عز وجل يوم القيامة، إلا كما تضارون فى رؤية احدهما، إذا كان يوم القيامة اذن مؤذن، تتبع كل امة ما كانت تعبد، فلا يبقى من كان يعبد غير الله من الاصنام والانصاب إلا يتساقطون فى النار، حتى إذا لم يبق إلا من كان يعبد الله بر او فاجر، وغبرات اهل الكتاب، فيدعى اليهود، فيقال لهم: من كنتم تعبدون؟ قالوا: كنا نعبد عزير ابن الله، فيقال لهم: كذبتم، ما اتخذ الله من صاحبة ولا ولد، فماذا تبغون؟ فقالوا: عطشنا ربنا فاسقنا، فيشار الا تردون فيحشرون إلى النار كانها سراب يحطم بعضها بعضا فيتساقطون فى النار، ثم يدعى النصارى، فيقال لهم: من كنتم تعبدون؟ قالوا: كنا نعبد المسيح ابن الله، فيقال لهم: كذبتم، ما اتخذ الله من صاحبة ولا ولد، فيقال لهم: ماذا تبغون؟ فكذلك مثل الاول، حتى إذا لم يبق إلا من كان يعبد الله من بر او فاجر، اتاهم رب العالمين فى ادنى صورة من التى راوه فيها، فيقال: ماذا تنتظرون؟ تتبع كل امة ما كانت تعبد، قالوا: فارقنا الناس فى الدنيا على افقر ما كنا إليهم ولم نصاحبهم، ونحن ننتظر ربنا الذى كنا نعبد، فيقول: انا ربكم، فيقولون: لا نشرك بالله شيئا، مرتين او ثلاثا»

“And Hazrat Abu Saeed Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that some companions (may Allah be pleased with them) asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) during his lifetime: O Messenger of Allah! Will we be able to see our Lord on the Day of Resurrection? He (peace be upon him) replied: Yes, do you find any difficulty in seeing the sun at noon when there are no clouds over it? The companions (may Allah be pleased with them) said no. Then he (peace be upon him) said: Do you find any difficulty in seeing the moon on the fourteenth night when there are no clouds over it? The companions (may Allah be pleased with them) said no. Then he (peace be upon him) said: In the same way, you will see Allah without any difficulty or obstacle. On the Day of Resurrection, a caller will call out that every nation should come forward with their false gods. At that time, all the idols and stones that were worshipped besides Allah will be thrown into Hell. Then those who remained, who only worshipped Allah, whether righteous or sinful, and some people from the People of the Book, will be called. First, the Jews will be called and asked: Whom did you worship besides Allah? They will say: Uzair, the son of Allah. Allah will say to them: But you were liars; Allah did not make anyone His wife or son. Now what do you want? They will say: Our Lord! We are thirsty, give us water to drink. They will be signaled to move this way. Thus, all will be taken towards Hell. There, the shining sand will appear like water, parts of it crushing other parts. Then all will be thrown into the fire. Then the Christians will be called and asked: Whom did you worship? They will say: We worshipped Christ, the son of Allah. They will also be told: You were liars; Allah did not make anyone His wife or son. Then they will be asked what they want, and they will be treated like the Jews. Until no one remains except those who only worshipped Allah, whether righteous or sinful, then their Lord will appear to them in a form similar to the first form they had seen (this will not be that form). Then they will be asked: Now whom are you waiting for? Every nation has taken their gods with them. They will reply: When we separated from the people (who disbelieved) in the world, we were the most needy among them, yet we did not support them, and now we await our Lord, whom we worshipped in the world. Allah will say: Your Lord is I. Then all the Muslims will say: We do not associate anyone with our Lord. Two or three times they will say: We do not associate anyone with Allah.”

Hadith 34:

وعن أنس رضي الله عنه: إن الخمر التى أهريقت الفضيخ . وزادني محمد البيكندى عن أبى النعمان قال: كنت ساقي القوم فى منزل أبى طلحة، فنزل تحريم الخمر فأمر مناديا فنادى ، فقال أبو طلحة: اخرج فانظر ما هذا الصوت، قال: فخرجت فقلت: هذا مناد ينادى ألا إن الخمر قد حرمت، فقال لي: اذهب فأهرقها، قال: فجرت فى سكك المدينة، قال: وكانت خمرهم يومئذ الفضيخ ، فقال بعض القوم: قتل قوم وهى فى بطونهم، قال: فأنزل الله: ﴿لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْا وَ عَمِلُوا الصّٰلِحٰتِ جُنَاحٌ فِيْمَا طَعِمُوْۤا﴾

And it is narrated from Hazrat Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that I was serving wine to a group of companions at the house of Abu Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) when the prohibition of wine was revealed. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) ordered the announcer, and he began to proclaim. Abu Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Go outside and see what this voice is.” It is narrated that I went outside and said that an announcer is proclaiming, “Beware, wine has become forbidden.” Upon hearing this, they told me to go and pour out the wine. The narrator said that wine began to flow in the streets of Medina. The narrator said that at that time, Fadikh (date) wine was being consumed. Some people, seeing the wine flowing like this, said that it seems some people had filled their stomachs and were killed in that state. It is narrated that then Allah Almighty revealed this verse: “Those who believe and do righteous deeds, there is no blame upon them for what they have eaten.”

Hadith 35:

«وعن أنس بن مالك رضى الله عنه: قال أبو جهل: اللهم إن كان هذا هو الحق من عندك فأمطر علينا حجارة من السماء ، أو ائتنا بعذاب أليم . فنزلت: ﴿وَ مَا كَانَ اللّٰهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ اَنْتَ فِيْهِمْ وَ مَا كَانَ اللّٰهُ مُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُوْنَ وَ مَا لَهُمْ اَلَّا يُعَذِّبَهُمُ اللّٰهُ وَ هُمْ يَصُدُّوْنَ عَنِ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ﴾ the verse»

And it is narrated from Hazrat Anas bin Malik (RA) that he said: Abu Jahl said, “O Allah! If this speech is indeed the truth from You, then rain down stones from the heavens upon us or bring some other painful punishment!” Regarding this, the verse was revealed: “Yet Allah will never punish them while you are among them, nor will He punish them while they seek forgiveness. What is [the matter] with them that Allah will not punish them while they prevent [people] from al-Masjid al-Haram?” until the end of the verse.

Hadith 36:

وعن سعيد بن المسيب عن أبيه قال: لما حضرت أبا طالب الوفاة جاءه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فوجد عنده أبا جهل وعبد الله بن أبى أمية بن المغيرة، فقال: أى عم قل لا إله إلا الله ، كلمة أحاج لك بها عند الله . فقال أبو جهل وعبد الله بن أبى أمية: أترغب عن ملة عبد المطلب فلم يزل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يعرضها عليه ويعيدانه بتلك المقالة ، حتى قال أبو طالب آخر ما كلمهم: على ملة عبد المطلب، وأبى أن يقول: لا إله إلا الله. قال: فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: والله لاستغفرن لك ما لم أنه عنك، فأنزل الله ﴿مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَ الَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْۤا اَنْ يَّسْتَغْفِرُوْا﴾ And Allah revealed concerning Abu Talib, and He said to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him: ﴿اِنَّكَ لَا تَهْدِيْ مَنْ اَحْبَبْتَ وَ لٰـكِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَهْدِيْ مَنْ يَّشَآءُ﴾

And it is narrated from Saeed bin Musayyib’s father, Musayyib bin Hazn, who said: When the time of Abu Talib’s death approached, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came to him. Abu Jahl and Abdullah bin Abi Umayyah bin Mughirah were already present there. He said: Uncle! Just recite the Kalima لا اله الا الله so that through this Kalima I may intercede for you before Allah. Upon this, Abu Jahl and Abdullah bin Abi Umayyah said: Will you abandon the religion of Abdul Muttalib? The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, repeatedly urged him to say this one Kalima, and these two repeatedly questioned him in front of him, saying: Will you abandon the religion of Abdul Muttalib? Finally, the last words from Abu Talib’s tongue were that he remained steadfast on the religion of Abdul Muttalib. He refused to recite La اله الا الله. The narrator stated that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: By Allah! I will continue to seek forgiveness for you until I am stopped from doing so. Then Allah revealed this verse: “It is not for the Prophet and those who believe to ask forgiveness for the polytheists, even if they were relatives, after it has become clear to them that they are companions of Hellfire.” And specifically concerning Abu Talib, this verse was revealed: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was told: “You cannot guide whom you love, but Allah guides whom He wills.”

Hadith 37:

«وعن أنس قال: حدثني أبو بكر رضي الله عنه قال: كنت مع النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم فى الغار فرأيت آثار المشركين ، قلت: يا رسول الله لو أن أحدهم رفع قدمه رآنا، قال: ما ظنك باثنين الله ثالثهما»

“And it is narrated from Hazrat Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that Abu Bakr Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) told me that he was with the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم in the cave of Thawr. I saw the feet of the disbelievers (who were standing above us). Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) became anxious and said: O Messenger of Allah! If any one of them takes a step, he will see us. You said: What do you think about these two men (can anyone harm them) who have Allah as the third with them?”

Hadith 38:

وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما قال: لما توفي عبد الله بن أبى جاء ابنه عبد الله بن عبد الله إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، فسأله أن يعطيه قميصه يكفن فيه أباه ، فأعطاه ، ثم سأله أن يصلي عليه ، فقام رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ليصلى عليه ، فقام عمر ، فأخذ بثوب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: يا رسول الله تصلي عليه وقد نهاك ربك أن تصلى عليه؟ فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إنما خيرني الله فقال: ﴿اِسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ اَوْ لَا تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ اِنْ تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ سَبْعِيْنَ مَرَّةً﴾ And I will increase beyond seventy. He said: He is a hypocrite. He said: Then the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم prayed over him, and Allah Almighty revealed: ﴿وَ لَا تُصَلِّ عَلٰۤى اَحَدٍ مِّنْهُمْ مَّاتَ اَبَدًا وَّ لَا تَقُمْ عَلٰى قَبْرِهٖ﴾

And it is narrated from Hazrat Ibn Umar رضي الله عنهما that when Abdullah bin Abi (the hypocrite) passed away, his son Abdullah bin Abdullah (who was a firm Muslim) came to the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم and requested that he grant his shirt for his father’s shroud. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم granted the shirt. Then they requested that he also lead the funeral prayer. The Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم proceeded to lead the funeral prayer. At that moment, Umar رضي الله عنه held the Prophet’s garment and said: O Messenger of Allah! You are going to lead his funeral prayer, while Allah Almighty has forbidden you from doing so. The Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم replied: Allah Almighty has given me the choice and said, “You may seek forgiveness for them or not. If you seek forgiveness for them seventy times, Allah will not forgive them.” Therefore, I will seek forgiveness more than seventy times (perhaps Allah will forgive by more forgiveness). Umar رضي الله عنه said: But this person is a hypocrite. Ibn Umar رضي الله عنهما stated that finally the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم led his funeral prayer. After that, Allah Almighty revealed this command: “And never pray over any of them who dies, nor stand on their grave.”

Hadith 39:

وعن سعيد بن المسيب ، عن أبيه قال: لما حضرت أبا طالب الوفاة دخل عليه النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم وعنده أبو جهل وعبد الله بن أبى أمية فقال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: أى عم ! قل: لا إله إلا الله، أحاج لك بها عند الله، فقال أبو جهل وعبد الله بن أبى أمية: يا أبا طالب أترغب عن ملة عبد المطلب؟ فقال النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم: لاستغفرن لك ما لم أنه عنك ، فنزلت: ﴿مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَ الَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْۤا اَنْ يَّسْتَغْفِرُوْا لِلْمُشْرِكِيْنَ وَ لَوْ كَانُـوْۤا اُولِيْ قُرْبٰى مِنْۢ بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ اَنَّهُمْ اَصْحٰبُ الْجَحِيْمِ﴾

“And Hazrat Saeed narrated from his father Musayyib bin Hazn (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the time of Abu Talib’s death came, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) went to him. At that time, Abu Jahl and Abdullah bin Abi Umayyah were sitting there. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said to them: My uncle! (Please say the Kalima once) لا اله الا الله and I will present it to Allah as a means (for your salvation). Upon this, Abu Jahl and Abdullah bin Abi Umayyah said: Abu Talib! Will you abandon the religion of Abdul Muttalib? The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: Now I will keep praying for your forgiveness until I am stopped from doing so. Then this verse was revealed: It is not permissible for the Prophet and the believers to pray for forgiveness for the polytheists, even if they are relatives, once it becomes clear that they are certainly among the inhabitants of Hell.”

Hadith 40:

«وعن عبد الله بن كعب بن مالك عن أبيه قال سمعت أبى كعب بن مالك – وهو أحد الثلاثة الذين تيب عليهم – أنه لم يتخلف عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فى غزوة غزاها قط غير غزوتين: غزوة العسرة، وغزوة بدر ، قال: فأجمعت صدقي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ضحى وكان قلما يقدم من سفر سافره إلا ضحى، وكان يبدأ بالمسجد فيركع ركعتين ونهى النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم عن كلامي وكلام صاحبي ولم ينه عن كلام أحد من المتخلفين غيرنا فاجتنب الناس كلامنا فلبثت كذلك حتى طال على الأمر وما من شيء أهم إلى من أن أموت فلا يصلى على النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم ، أو يموت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فأكون من الناس بتلك المنزلة فلا يكلمني أحد منهم ولا يصلى علي، فأنزل الله توبتنا على نبيه صلى الله عليه وسلم حين بقى الثلث الآخر من الليل ورسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عند أم سلمة، وكانت أم سلمة محسنة فى شأني، معنية فى أمري ، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: يا أم سلمة ! تيب على كعب قالت: أفلا أرسل إليه فأبشره؟ قال: إذا يحطمكم الناس فيمنعونكم النوم سائر الليلة ، حتى إذا صلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم صلاة الفجر آذن بتوبة الله علينا وكان إذا استبشر استنار وجهه حتى كأنه قطعة من القمر ، وكنا أيها الثلاثة الذين خلفوا عن الأمر الذى قبل من هؤلاء الذين اعتذروا حين أنزل الله لنا التوبة ، فلما ذكر الذين كذبوا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من المتخلفين واعتذروا بالباطل ذكروا بشر ما ذكر به أحد ، قال الله سبحانه: ﴿يَعْتَذِرُوْنَ اِلَيْكُمْ اِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ اِلَيْهِمْ قُلْ لَّا تَعْتَذِرُوْا لَنْ نُّؤْمِنَ لَكُمْ قَدْ نَبَّاَنَا اللّٰهُ مِنْ اَخْبَارِكُمْ وَ سَيَرَى اللّٰهُ عَمَلَكُمْ وَ رَسُوْلُه﴾ The verse»

And it is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah bin Ka’b, who narrates from his father Ka’b bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), that he was among the three companions whose repentance was accepted. He stated that except for the two expeditions, the Expedition of Hardship (i.e., the Expedition of Tabuk) and the Battle of Badr, he never refrained from accompanying the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) in any other expedition. He narrated that in the forenoon (duha), when the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) returned from the expedition, I resolved firmly to speak the truth. His usual practice was to arrive at Medina in the forenoon and first go to the mosque and pray two rak’ahs. (In any case) the Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade me and two other companions, who also made excuses like me, from talking to the other companions. Besides us, many others (who were outwardly Muslims) did not participate in this expedition, but the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not forbid anyone from talking to them. Consequently, people stopped talking to us. I remained in that state. The matter was becoming prolonged. In my view, the most important issue was that if I died during this period, the Prophet (peace be upon him) would not lead the prayer over me, or if the Prophet (peace be upon him) passed away, then this attitude of the people would remain with me forever; no one would talk to me nor would anyone lead my funeral prayer. Finally, Allah Almighty revealed the glad tidings of our repentance being accepted to the Prophet (peace be upon him) when the last third of the night remained. The Prophet (peace be upon him) was at the house of Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) at that time. Umm Salamah had shown great kindness and support to me. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Umm Salamah! Ka’b’s repentance has been accepted. She asked: Should I send someone to inform him of this good news? The Prophet (peace be upon him) replied: If you announce this news, people will gather and will not let you sleep all night. Thus, after the Fajr prayer, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) announced that Allah had accepted our repentance. When the Noble Prophet (peace be upon him) conveyed this glad tidings, his blessed face lit up like a piece of the moon, and the matter of us three companions was entirely different from those others who did not participate in the expedition and whose excuses were accepted. Allah Almighty revealed a revelation concerning the acceptance of our repentance. But when mentioning those others who did not participate in the expedition and who lied before the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and made false excuses, it was done with such severity that no one would have been mentioned with such harshness. Allah Almighty said: “They will present excuses to you when you return to them. Say, ‘Do not make excuses; we will not believe you. Indeed, Allah has informed us about your news, and soon Allah and His Messenger will see your deeds.'” Until the end of the verse.

Hadith 41:

«وعن كعب بن عجرة رضي الله عنه ، قيل: يا رسول الله! أما السلام عليك فقد عرفناه ، فكيف الصلاة عليك؟ قال: قولوا اللهم صل على محمد وعلى آل محمد ، كما صليت على آل إبراهيم، إنك حميد مجيد ، اللهم بارك على محمد وعلى آل محمد، كما باركت على آل إبراهيم، إنك حميد مجيد»

And it is narrated from Hazrat Ka’b bin Ujrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that it was asked: O Messenger of Allah! We have learned how to send greetings (Salam) upon you, but what is the way to send “Salat” upon you? The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: Recite like this: O Allah! Send Your mercy upon Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad, as You sent mercy upon the family of Ibrahim. Indeed, You are Praiseworthy, Glorious. O Allah! Send Your blessings upon Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon the family of Ibrahim. Indeed, You are Praiseworthy, Glorious.

وصلى الله تعالى على خير خلقه محمد وآله وصحبه أجمعين