السلام علیکم ورحمۃ اللہ وبرکاتہ. Kindly guide me on a few issues. Many thanks!
Question
The authentication and verification of the following narrations (Ahadith) is required:
(a) From Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, who said:
”السنۃ علی المعتکف أن لا یعود مریضاً ولا یشھد جنازۃ……..ولا اعتکاف إلا في مسجد جامع”
Also please clarify whether ”غیر جامع مسجد” is not permissible in I’tikaf?
(b) From Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
“ومن اعتکف یوماً ابتغاء وجہ اللہ تعالیٰ جعل اللہ بینۃ وبین النار ثلاثۃ خنادق أبعد ممابین الخافقین”
(c) From Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
”إذاتخذا لفئ دولاً والأمانۃ مغنماً والزکاۃ مغرماً…… وآیات تتابع کنظام بال قطع سلکہ فتتابع”
Also explain what is meant by this long hadith “وظھرت الأصوات فی المساجد”?
Answer
الحمد للہ رب العالمین والصلوۃ والسلام علی رسولہ الأمین أما بعد:
Some Issues Regarding I’tikaf
(a): This narration is reported in Sunan Abi Dawood
, Sunan al-Daraqutni
, and Al-Sunan al-Kubra by al-Bayhaqi
from al-Zuhri from Urwah ibn al-Zubair (and Sa’id ibn al-Musayyib) from Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her. Sheikh al-Albani (may Allah have mercy on him) writes that:
”وإسنادہ صحیح” and its chain is authentic
It is presented that the main narrator of this narration, Imam Muhammad ibn Muslim al-Zuhri (may Allah be pleased with him), was unanimously considered trustworthy, but he was also a mudallis (one who practices tadlis). See Tabaqat al-Mudallisīn with investigation
Al-Tahawi said:
”إنما دلس بہ”أي الزھري
Hafiz al-‘Alai and Burhan al-Halabi say:
”وقد قبل الأئمۃ قولہ:عن”
Summary of the investigation: This narration is weak in terms of the principles of hadith and its chain of transmission; therefore, it is rejected.
Note: This narration of al-Zuhri is briefly present as Mauquf and Mu’atta in Imam Malik
. In it, al-Zuhri is also a mudallis, but the specification of al-Zuhri’s hearing is present in Al-Tamhid by Ibn Abd al-Barr
.
➊ Urwah ibn al-Zubayr said:
”لا اعتکاف إلا بصوم”
➋ Sa’id ibn Jubayr said:
Following the Strong and Preferred Opinion
Al-Zuhri says: It is preferable to perform I’tikaf in the same mosque where congregational prayer is held.
Whereas the generality of the Quran
﴿وَاَنْتُمْ عٰکِفُوْنَ فِی الْمَسَاجِدِ﴾
indicates that I’tikaf is permissible in every mosque, whether it is a congregational mosque or a non-congregational mosque.
واللہ أعلم
(b)
This narration attributed to Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (RA) is narrated in Al-Mu’jam Al-Awsat by Al-Tabarani
through the chain of transmission of Bishr bin Salm Al-Bajali from Abdul Aziz bin Abi Rawad from Ata from Ibn Abbas (RA).
Summary of the investigation: This narration is weak in terms of its chain of transmission.
(c)
This narration is narrated in Sunan At-Tirmidhi
through the chain of transmission of Rumaih Al-Judhami from Abu Hurairah (RA). Therefore, this chain is weak.
Earthquake and the sins of people
The sins of people: When adultery is considered permissible, and drinking alcohol becomes a daily pastime. A person asked Hazrat Aisha (RA) about the earthquake, and she said:
فإذا استحلوا الزنا وشربوا الخمور بعد ھذا وضربوا المعازف غار اللہ في سمائہ فقال للأرض تزلزلي بھم فإن تابوا و نزعوا وإلاھدمھا علیھم
Summary of the investigation: This narration is weak and rejected.
In conclusion
In conclusion, it is stated that in the weak narration of Tirmidhi,
“وظھرت الأصوات فی المساجد”
means that people will speak worldly matters loudly in the mosques. But remember that this narration is weak and rejected.
