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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الدعوى والبينات
Book of Claims and Evidence
باب: المتداعيين يتنازعان شيئا في يد أحدهما، ويقيم كل واحد منهما على ذلك بينة
Chapter: Two litigants dispute over something in the possession of one of them, and each brings evidence for it
Bayhaqi 21223 — Two litigants dispute over something in the possession
قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " قِيلَ: قَدِ اسْتَوَيْتُمَا فِي الدَّعْوَى وَالْبَيِّنَةِ، وَلِلَّذِي هُوَ فِيِ يَدَيْهِ سَبَبٌ بِكَيْنُونَتِهِ فِي يَدِهِ هُوَ أَقْوَى مِنْ سَبَبِكَ، فَهُوَ لَهُ بفَضْلِ قُوَّةِ سَبَبِهِ، وَفِيهِ سُنَّةٌ بِمِثْلِ مَا قُلْنَا ".
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "It will be said (to him): 'You are both equal in the claim and in the proof (testimony), and the one in whose possession it (the item) is has, by virtue of its being in his possession, a ground that is stronger than your ground; so it will be his on account of the greater strength of his ground. And there is (also) a Sunnah on this matter in line with what we have said.'"
فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ الَّذِي أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ ابْنُ أَبِيُ يَحْيَى، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ أَبِي فَرْوَةَ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، أَنَّ رَجُلَيْنِ تَدَاعَيَا بِدَابَّةٍ، فَأَقَامَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا الْبَيِّنَةَ أَنَّهَا دَابَّتُهُ نَتَجَهَا، فَقَضَى بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلَّذِي هِيَ فِيُ يَدَيْهِ ".
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that two people made a claim over an animal, and both had witnesses that it was his mount; so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave judgement in favour of the one in whose possession it was.
