السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الدعوى والبينات
Book of Claims and Evidence
باب: المتداعيين يتنازعان شيئا في يد أحدهما، ويقيم كل واحد منهما على ذلك بينة
Two litigants dispute over something in the possession of one of them, and each brings evidence for it
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قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " قِيلَ: قَدِ اسْتَوَيْتُمَا فِي الدَّعْوَى وَالْبَيِّنَةِ، وَلِلَّذِي هُوَ فِيِ يَدَيْهِ سَبَبٌ بِكَيْنُونَتِهِ فِي يَدِهِ هُوَ أَقْوَى مِنْ سَبَبِكَ، فَهُوَ لَهُ بفَضْلِ قُوَّةِ سَبَبِهِ، وَفِيهِ سُنَّةٌ بِمِثْلِ مَا قُلْنَا ".
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "It will be said (to him): 'You are both equal in the claim and in the proof (testimony), and the one in whose possession it (the item) is has, by virtue of its being in his possession, a ground that is stronger than your ground; so it will be his on account of the greater strength of his ground. And there is (also) a Sunnah on this matter in line with what we have said.'"
فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ الَّذِي أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ ابْنُ أَبِيُ يَحْيَى، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ أَبِي فَرْوَةَ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، أَنَّ رَجُلَيْنِ تَدَاعَيَا بِدَابَّةٍ، فَأَقَامَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا الْبَيِّنَةَ أَنَّهَا دَابَّتُهُ نَتَجَهَا، فَقَضَى بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلَّذِي هِيَ فِيُ يَدَيْهِ ".
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that two people made a claim over an animal, and both had witnesses that it was his mount; so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave judgement in favour of the one in whose possession it was.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْمَطِيرِيُّ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِيسَى الْخَوَّاصُ قَالُوا: ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ أَبُو إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْفَقِيهُ، ثنا زَيْدُ بْنُ نُعَيْمٍ، بِبَغْدَادَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، ثنا أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ، عَنْ هَيْثَمٍ الصَّيْرَفِيِّ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلَيْنِ اخْتَصَمَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي نَاقَةٍ، فَقَالَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا: نُتِجَتْ هَذِهِ النَّاقَةُ عِنْدِي، وَأَقَامَ بَيِّنَةً، فَقَضَى بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلَّذِي هِيَ فِيُ يَدَيْهِ..
Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) said that two men came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with a dispute over a she-camel, (each claiming) that it had been born in his care, and they presented testimony; so he (peace and blessings be upon him) "gave judgement in favour of the one in whose possession it was."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلَيْنِ اخْتَصَمَا إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ فِي دَابَّةٍ، فَأَقَامَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا الْبَيِّنَةَ أَنَّهَا لَهُ، وَأَنَّهُ أَنْتَجَهَا، فَقَالَ شُرَيْحٌ: " هِيَ لِلَّذِي فِيُ يَدَيْهِ، النَّاتِجُ أَحَقُّ مِنَ الْعَارِفِ ".
Ayyub narrates from Muhammad that two men came to Qadi Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) with a dispute over an animal, and each also had testimony that it had been born in his care; so Qadi Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) also gave judgement in favour of the one in whose possession (it) was, (and said): The one in whose care it was born has more right than the one who (merely) recognises it.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ، أنبأ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ زُرَارَةَ، أنبأ هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، وَابْنِ عَوْنٍ، وَهِشَامٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلَيْنِ ادَّعَيَا دَابَّةً، فَأَقَامَ أَحَدُهُمَا الْبَيِّنَةَ وَهِيَ فِي يَدِهِ أَنَّهُ نَتَجَهَا، وَأَقَامَ الْآخَرُ بَيِّنَةً أَنَّهَا دَابَّتُهُ عَرَفَهَا، فَقَالَ شُرَيْحٌ: " النَّاتِجُ أَحَقُّ مِنَ الْعَارِفِ ".
Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Qadi Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) that two men came to him with a dispute over a riding animal. One of them, in whose possession it was, presented witnesses that the animal had been born in his care, and the other presented witnesses that it was his animal which he recognised. So Qadi Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The one in whose care the animal was born has more right than the one who (merely) recognises it.
