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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب آداب القاضي
Book of the Etiquette of the Judge
باب: ما يقضي به القاضي ويفتي به المفتي، فإنه غيرجائز له أن يقلد أحدا من أهل دهره، ولا أن يحكم أو يفتي بالاستحسان
Chapter: What the judge rules by and the mufti gives fatwa by; it is not permissible for him to follow anyone of his time blindly, nor to rule or give fatwa by istihsan
Bayhaqi Q20335 — What the judge rules by and the mufti gives fatwa
اُردوEn
قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " {فَإِنْ تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ} [النساء: 59] يَعْنِي - وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ: هُمْ وَأُمَرَاؤُهُمُ الَّذِينَ أُمِرُوا بِطَاعَتِهِمْ، {فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللهِ وَالرَّسُولِ} [النساء: 59] يَعْنِي - وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ: إِلَى مَا قَالَ اللهُ وَالرَّسُولُ "، وَقَالَ {أَيَحْسَبُ الْإِنْسَانُ أَنْ يُتْرَكَ سُدًى} [القيامة: 36] قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: فَلَمْ يَخْتَلِفْ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ بِالْقُرْآنِ فِيمَا عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ السُّدَى: الَّذِي لَا يُؤْمَرُ وَلَا يُنْهَى، وَمَنْ أَفْتَى أَوْ حَكَمَ بِمَا لَمْ يُؤْمَرْ بِهِ، فَقَدْ أَجَازَ لِنَفْسِهِ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي مَعَانِي السُّدَى، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: " وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي تَفْسِيرِ الْآيَتَيْنِ بِنَحْوِ مَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "'And if you disagree over anything' [Surah al-Nisa: 59] means, and Allah knows best: they and their rulers whom they have been commanded to obey. 'Refer it to Allah and the Messenger' [Surah al-Nisa: 59] means, and Allah knows best: to what Allah and the Messenger have said."
And Allah Almighty said: "Does man think that he will be left neglected (sudan)?" [Surah al-Qiyamah: 36]
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "To my knowledge, the scholars of the Qur'an do not differ that 'sudan' is the one who is neither commanded nor forbidden anything. And whoever gives a fatwa or a judgement on something he was not commanded to, has permitted himself to fall within the meaning of 'sudan' (one left neglected)."
The Shaykh (Imam al-Bayhaqi) (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "And it has been narrated to us from Imam Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him), in the interpretation of these two verses, something similar to what Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said."
And Allah Almighty said: "Does man think that he will be left neglected (sudan)?" [Surah al-Qiyamah: 36]
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "To my knowledge, the scholars of the Qur'an do not differ that 'sudan' is the one who is neither commanded nor forbidden anything. And whoever gives a fatwa or a judgement on something he was not commanded to, has permitted himself to fall within the meaning of 'sudan' (one left neglected)."
The Shaykh (Imam al-Bayhaqi) (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "And it has been narrated to us from Imam Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him), in the interpretation of these two verses, something similar to what Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said."
