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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الضحايا
Book of Sacrifices
باب: ما حرم المشركون على أنفسهم
Chapter: What the polytheists forbade to themselves
Bayhaqi 19709 — What the polytheists forbade to themselves
قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: حَرَّمَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ أَشْيَاءَ أَبَانَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، أَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ حَرَامًا بِتَحْرِيمِهِمْ، وَذَلِكَ مِثْلُ الْبَحِيرَةِ وَالسَّائِبَةِ وَالْوَصِيلَةِ وَالْحَامِ كَانُوا يُنْزِلُونَهَا فِي الْإِبِلِ وَالْغَنَمِ كَالْعِتْقِ، فَيُحَرِّمُونَ أَلْبَانَهَا وَلُحُومَهَا وَمِلْكَهَا، وَسَاقَ الْكَلَامَ فِيهِ، كَمَا هُوَ مَنْقُولٌ فِي الْمَبْسُوطِ.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The polytheists made certain things from their wealth unlawful for themselves, about which Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, made clear that they do not become unlawful by their making them unlawful. These are such as the bahirah, the sa'ibah, the wasilah and the ham: among their camels and sheep they would give them a status like that of being set free, and then they would make their milk, their meat and their ownership unlawful." And he gave the full discussion on this, as it is recorded in (the book) al-Mabsut.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، وَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، قَالُوا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ، أنبأ أَبِي وَشُعَيْبٌ، قَالَا: أنبأ اللَّيْثُ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْهَادِ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " رَأَيْتُ عَمْرَو بْنَ عَامِرٍ الْخُزَاعِيَّ يَجُرُّ قُصْبَهُ فِي النَّارِ، كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ سَيَّبَ السَّوَائِبَ " قَالَ سَعِيدٌ: السَّائِبَةُ الَّتِي تُسَيَّبُ، فَلَا يُحْمَلُ عَلَيْهَا شَيْءٌ، وَالْبَحِيرَةُ الَّتِي يُمْنَعُ دَرُّهَا لِلطَّوَاغِيتِ، فَلَا يَحْلِبُهَا أَحَدٌ، وَالْوَصِيلَةُ النَّاقَةُ الْبِكْرُ، تُبَكِّرُ فِي أَوَّلِ نِتَاجِ الْإِبِلِ بِأُنْثَى، ثُمَّ تُثَنِّي بَعْدُ بِأُنْثَى، فَكَانُوا يُسَيِّبُونَهَا لِلطَّوَاغِيتِ، يَدْعُونَهَا الْوَصِيلَةَ، إِنْ وَصَلَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا بِالْأُخْرَى، وَالْحَامُ فَحْلُ الْإِبِلِ، يَضْرِبُ الْعَشْرَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ، فَإِذَا قَضَى ضِرَابَهُ جَدَعُوهُ لِلطَّوَاغِيتِ، فَأَعْفَوْهُ مِنَ الْحَمْلِ، فَلَمْ يَحْمِلُوا عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا، فَسَمَّوْهُ الْحَامَ. أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، مِنْ حَدِيثِ صَالِحِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ وَغَيْرِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ الْهَادِ.
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "I saw Amr bin Amir al-Khuza'i dragging his intestines in Hell. He was the first person to set animals loose in the name of the idols." Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Al-sa'ibah is the animal that is not ridden; al-bahirah is the one whose milk is milked only for the idols; al-wasilah is the she-camel that gives birth to a female the first time and then again gives birth to a female, so they would set it loose in the name of the idols; and al-ham is the stallion from whose mating ten offspring are born, so they would also set it loose in the name of the idols and would not ride it.
