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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الظهار
Book of Zihar
باب: لا يقربها حتى يكفر
Chapter: He does not approach her until he has made expiation
Bayhaqi 15257 — He does not approach her until he has made expiation
قَالَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: {مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَتَمَاسَّا} [المجادلة: 3] قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: فَإِذَا كَانَتِ الْمُمَاسَّةُ قَبْلَ الْكَفَّارَةِ فَذَهَبَ الْوَقْتُ لَمْ تَبْطُلِ الْكَفَّارَةُ وَلَمْ نَزِدْ عَلَيْهِ فِيهَا كَمَا يُقَالُ لَهُ أَدِّ الصَّلَاةَ فِي وَقْتِ كَذَا وَقَبْلَ وَقْتِ كَذَا فَيَذْهَبُ الْوَقْتُ فَيُؤَدِّيهَا لِأَنَّهَا فَرْضٌ عَلَيْهِ، وَلَا يُقَالُ لَهُ زِدْ فِيهَا لِذَهَابِ الْوَقْتِ.
Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says: "Before they touch one another." [Surah al-Mujadilah: 3]
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "So if intercourse takes place before the expiation and the time (for the expiation) passes, the expiation is not nullified, and we do not add anything to it for him; just as it is said to someone: Perform the prayer at such-and-such a time and before such-and-such a time, then the time passes and he performs it (later), because it is obligatory upon him, and it is not said to him: Add to it because the time has passed."
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "So if intercourse takes place before the expiation and the time (for the expiation) passes, the expiation is not nullified, and we do not add anything to it for him; just as it is said to someone: Perform the prayer at such-and-such a time and before such-and-such a time, then the time passes and he performs it (later), because it is obligatory upon him, and it is not said to him: Add to it because the time has passed."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ، أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ دُرُسْتَوَيْهِ، نا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، نا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، نا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ صَخْرٍ الْبَيَاضِيِّ قَالَ: كُنْتُ امْرَأً أَسْتَكْثِرُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ لَا أَرَى رَجُلًا كَانَ يُصِيبُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا أُصِيبُهُ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ رَمَضَانُ ظَاهَرْتُ مِنِ امْرَأَتِي حَتَّى يَنْسَلِخَ رَمَضَانُ فَبَيْنَمَا هِيَ تُحَدِّثُنِي ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ فَكُشِفَ لِي مِنْهَا شَيْءٌ فَوَثَبْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَوَاقَعْتُهَا، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْتُ غَدَوْتُ عَلَى قَوْمِي فَأَخْبَرْتُهُمْ خَبَرِي فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ: سَلُوا لِي رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالُوا: مَا كُنَّا لِنَفْعَلَ، إِذًا يَنْزِلُ فِينَا مِنَ اللهِ كِتَابٌ أَوْ يَكُونُ فِينَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَوْلٌ فَيَبْقَى عَارُهُ عَلَيْنَا وَلَكِنْ سَوْفَ نُسَلِّمُكَ بِجَرِيرَتِكَ فَاذْهَبْ أَنْتَ فَاذْكُرْ شَأْنَكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَخَرَجْتُ حَتَّى جِئْتَهُ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ الْخَبَرَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَنْتَ بِذَلِكَ؟ " قَالَ: قُلْتُ: أَنَا بِذَلِكَ وَهَذَا أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَابِرٌ لِحُكْمِ اللهِ عَلَيَّ قَالَ: " فَأَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً " قَالَ: ⦗٦٣٤⦘ قُلْتُ: وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَصْبَحْتُ أَمْلِكُ إِلَّا رَقَبَتِي هَذِهِ، قَالَ: " فَصُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ "، قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَهَلْ دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ مَا دَخَلَ مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ إِلَّا بِالصَّوْمِ؟ قَالَ: " فَتَصَدَّقْ أَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا " قَالَ: قُلْتُ: وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَقَدْ بِتْنَا لَيْلَتَنَا هَذِهِ مَا لَنَا مِنْ عَشَاءٍ، قَالَ: " فَاذْهَبْ إِلَى صَاحِبِ صَدَقَةِ بَنِي زُرَيْقٍ فَقُلْ لَهُ فَلْيَدْفَعْهَا إِلَيْكَ فَأَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا وَانْتَفِعْ بِبَقِيَّتِهَا ".
Sayyiduna Salamah bin Sakhr al-Bayadi (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I was a man with a very great desire for women; I did not see any man who was afflicted with what I was afflicted with (that is, in desire). When Ramadan began, I made zihar from my wife until Ramadan was over. One night while she was sitting with me talking, the cloth slipped off her body, and I had intercourse with her. In the morning I told my people and said to them: Ask the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for me. They said: We will not do this, for either the Qur'an will be revealed about us, or the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) will say something that will remain a disgrace for us. But we leave you to your situation; go yourself and explain your condition to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and told him, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Are you the one?" I said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I am the one, and I submit patiently to Allah's ruling upon me. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Free a slave." He said: I said: By Allah who sent you (peace and blessings be upon him) with the truth, I own nothing but this neck of mine. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Fast two consecutive months." I said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), this affliction came upon me only because of fasting. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Feed sixty poor people." He said: I said: By Allah who sent you (peace and blessings be upon him) with the truth, last night we had nothing to eat. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Go to the one who collects the charity of Banu Zurayq and tell him to give the charity to you; then feed sixty poor people from it and benefit from the rest yourself."
