السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب المكاتب
Book of the Mukatab
باب: : من لم يكره لأحد أن يأخذ من مكاتبه صدقات الناس فريضة ونافلة
One who did not dislike taking people's obligatory and voluntary charity from one's mukatab
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قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: قَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا يَأْكُلُ الصَّدَقَةَ، وَأَكَلَ مِنْ صَدَقَةٍ تُصُدِّقَ بِهَا عَلَى بَرِيرَةَ وَقَالَ: " هِيَ لَنَا هَدِيَّةٌ، وَعَلَيْهَا صَدَقَةٌ "..
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not eat charity, (but) he (peace and blessings be upon him) ate from the charity that was given to Sayyidah Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her), and said: 'It is a gift for us and charity for her (Barirah).'"
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ، أنبأ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: كَانَ فِي بَرِيرَةَ ثَلَاثُ سُنَنٍ: خُيِّرَتْ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا حِينَ أُعْتِقَتْ، وَأُهْدِيَ لَهَا لَحْمٌ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَالْبُرْمَةُ عَلَى ⦗٥٥٢⦘ النَّارِ، فَدَعَا بِطَعَامٍ فَأُتِيَ بِخُبْزٍ وَأَدَمٍ مِنْ أَدَمِ الْبَيْتِ، فَقَالَ: " أَلَمْ أَرَ بُرْمَةً عَلَى النَّارِ فِيهَا لَحْمٌ؟ "، قَالُوا: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، ذَلِكَ لَحْمٌ تُصُدِّقَ بِهِ عَلَى بَرِيرَةَ، فَكَرِهْنَا أَنْ نُطْعِمَكَ مِنْهُ، فَقَالَ: " هُوَ عَلَيْهَا صَدَقَةٌ، وَهُوَ مِنْهَا لَنَا هَدِيَّةٌ ". وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيهَا: " إِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ ". رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ وَغَيْرِهِ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ أَبِي الطَّاهِرِ، عَنِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ.
Qasim bin Muhammad narrates from Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that three practices (sunnahs) were established concerning Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her):
1. After her emancipation she was given the choice regarding her husband. 2. She was given meat as a gift; the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came in while the cooking pot was on the fire. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked for food, and bread and an ordinary household curry were presented. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Did I not see meat in the pot placed on the stove?" It was said: "This was given in charity to Barirah, so we disliked feeding you from it." So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is charity for her and a gift for us." And (3) he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Wala' (the right of inheritance) belongs only to the one who frees."
1. After her emancipation she was given the choice regarding her husband. 2. She was given meat as a gift; the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came in while the cooking pot was on the fire. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked for food, and bread and an ordinary household curry were presented. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Did I not see meat in the pot placed on the stove?" It was said: "This was given in charity to Barirah, so we disliked feeding you from it." So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is charity for her and a gift for us." And (3) he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Wala' (the right of inheritance) belongs only to the one who frees."
