السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الولاء
Book of Wala
باب: : ما يستدل به على نسخ آية المعاقدة.
Evidence for the abrogation of the verse of mutual pledges
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْجُرْجَانِيُّ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُكْرَمٍ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، ثنا إِدْرِيسُ الْأَوْدِيُّ، ثنا طَلْحَةُ بْنُ مُصَرِّفٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ} [النساء: ٣٣] قَالَ: " كَانَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ حِينَ قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ يُوَرِّثُونَ الْأَنْصَارَ دُونَ ذَوِي رَحِمِهِ، لِلْأُخُوَّةِ الَّتِي آخَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَهُمْ، فَأُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ: {وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مَوْالِيَ مِمَّا تَرَكَ الْوَالِدَانِ وَالْأَقْرَبُونَ} [النساء: ٣٣] فَنُسِخَتْ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: {وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ} [النساء: ٣٣]، مِنَ النَّصْرِ وَالنَّصِيحَةِ وَالرِّفَادَةِ وَيُوصِي لَهُمْ وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ الْمِيرَاثُ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنِ الصَّلْتِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَغَيْرِهِ، عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ.
Sa'id bin Jubayr narrates from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) concerning: "And those with whom you have made a pledge, give them their share." [Surah al-Nisa: 33]
When the Muhajirun came to Madinah, they used to make the Ansar heirs instead of (a man's) blood relatives, because of the brotherhood that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had established between them. Then this verse was revealed: "And for each We have appointed heirs of what parents and relatives leave." [Surah al-Nisa: 33] So it (the earlier practice) was abrogated. Then He said: "And those with whom you have made a pledge, give them their share." [Surah al-Nisa: 33] That is: help, sincere counsel and support, and he may make a bequest for them, while inheritance has ended.
When the Muhajirun came to Madinah, they used to make the Ansar heirs instead of (a man's) blood relatives, because of the brotherhood that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had established between them. Then this verse was revealed: "And for each We have appointed heirs of what parents and relatives leave." [Surah al-Nisa: 33] So it (the earlier practice) was abrogated. Then He said: "And those with whom you have made a pledge, give them their share." [Surah al-Nisa: 33] That is: help, sincere counsel and support, and he may make a bequest for them, while inheritance has ended.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، أنبأ يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ مُصَرِّفٍ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ فُلَانًا أَسْلَمَ عَلَى يَدِيَّ، قَالَ: " هُوَ مَوْلَاكَ، فَإِذَا مُتَّ فَأَوْصِ لَهُ " ⦗٥٠٠⦘ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ، وَفِيهِ تَأْكِيدٌ لِقَوْلِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي نَسْخِ آيَةِ الْمُعَاقَدَةِ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ، وَلَكِنْ يُوصِي لَهُ، وَيُحْسِنُ إِلَيْهِ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ..
Mu'awiyah bin Ishaq (may Allah have mercy on him) says that a man came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: So-and-so accepted Islam at my hands. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He is your mawla; when you are dying, make a bequest for him."
This is mursal, and it supports the statement of Ibn Abbas about the abrogation of the verse of pledges as regards inheritance; but he makes a bequest for him and treats him kindly, and Allah knows best.
This is mursal, and it supports the statement of Ibn Abbas about the abrogation of the verse of pledges as regards inheritance; but he makes a bequest for him and treats him kindly, and Allah knows best.
