السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الشهادات
Book of Testimonies
باب: : شهادة ولد الزنا
The testimony of a child born of zina
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قَدْ مَضَى فِي حَدِيثِ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " الْمُؤْمِنُونَ شُهَدَاءُ اللهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ "، وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ عَطَاءٍ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ أَنَّهُمَا قَالَا: " تَجُوزُ شَهَادَةُ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا ".
It has already passed in the hadith of Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The believers are Allah's witnesses on the earth."
And it has been narrated to us from Ata and al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on them both) that they both said: "The testimony of a child born of zina (an illegitimate child) is permissible."
And it has been narrated to us from Ata and al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on them both) that they both said: "The testimony of a child born of zina (an illegitimate child) is permissible."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، ثنا السَّرَّاجُ، ثنا زِيَادُ بْنُ ⦗٤٢٢⦘ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ هُشَيْمٍ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، فِي وَلَدِ الزِّنَا، قَالَ: " لَا يَفْضُلُهُ وَلَدُ الرِّشْدَةِ إِلَّا بِالتَّقْوَى ".
Al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) said concerning a child born of zina that a child of legitimate lineage is superior to him only on the basis of taqwa (God-consciousness).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ الرَّفَّاءُ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ، أنبأ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بِشْرٍ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ الْفُقَهَاءِ الَّذِينَ يُنْتَهَى إِلَى قَوْلِهِمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ، كَانُوا يَقُولُونَ فِي وَلَدِ الزِّنَا: " إِنَّ أَصْلَهُ لَأَصْلُ سُوءٍ، وَإِذَا حَسُنَتْ حَالَتُهُ وَمُرُوءَتُهُ جَازَتْ شَهَادَتُهُ "، وَكَانُوا يَرَوْنَ عِتْقَهُ حَسَنًا.
Abd al-Rahman bin Abi al-Zinad (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father, and he from the authoritative jurists of Madinah, that a child born of zina has a bad origin; when his condition and his integrity (muru'ah) are good, he is fit to give testimony, and freeing him is also good.
