السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصيد والذبائح
Book of Hunting and Slaughtering
باب: من كره أكل الطافي
Those who disliked eating dead fish that float
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ فَيْرُوزَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْحَسَّانِيُّ، ثنا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: مَا ضَرَبَ بِهِ الْبَحْرُ أَوْ جَزَرَ عَنْهُ أَوْ صِيدَ فِيهِ فَكُلْ، وَمَا مَاتَ فِيهِ ثُمَّ طَفَا فَلَا تَأْكُلْ. ⦗٤٢٩⦘ وَبِمَعْنَاهُ رَوَاهُ أَيُّوبُ السَّخْتِيَانِيُّ، وَابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، وَحَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، وَغَيْرُهُمْ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ مَوْقُوفًا، وَعَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ الْعَدَنِيُّ، وَأَبُو عَاصِمٍ، وَمُؤَمَّلُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، وَغَيْرُهُمْ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ، وَخَالَفَهُمْ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الزُّبَيْرُ فَرَوَاهُ عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ مَرْفُوعًا وَهُوَ وَاهِمٌ فِيهِ.
Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) used to say: Whatever the sea casts out, or whatever the water recedes from, or whatever is caught in it, eat it; and whatever dies in it and then floats up, do not eat it.
A number of narrators reported it from Abu al-Zubayr from Jabir as his own saying (mawquf); Abu Ahmad al-Zubayri differed from them and narrated it from al-Thawri as a saying of the Prophet (marfu'), and he erred in that.
A number of narrators reported it from Abu al-Zubayr from Jabir as his own saying (mawquf); Abu Ahmad al-Zubayri differed from them and narrated it from al-Thawri as a saying of the Prophet (marfu'), and he erred in that.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ اللَّخْمِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، ثنا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ثنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " إِذَا طَفَا السَّمَكُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ فَلَا تَأْكُلْهُ، وَإِذَا جَزَرَ عَنْهُ الْبَحْرُ فَكُلْهُ، وَمَا كَانَ عَلَى حَافَتِهِ فَكُلْهُ ". قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ: لَمْ يَرْفَعْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ إِلَّا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ.
Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: "When fish floats up on the water, do not eat it; when the sea recedes from it, eat it; and whatever is at its edge, eat it."
Sulayman (al-Tabarani) said: No one narrated this hadith from Sufyan as a saying of the Prophet (marfu') except Abu Ahmad.
Sulayman (al-Tabarani) said: No one narrated this hadith from Sufyan as a saying of the Prophet (marfu') except Abu Ahmad.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ الطَّائِفِيُّ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَا أَلْقَى الْبَحْرُ أَوْ جَزَرَ عَنْهُ فَكُلُوهُ، وَمَا مَاتَ فِيهِ وَطَفَا فَلَا تَأْكُلُوهُ ". قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَأَيُّوبُ وَحَمَّادٌ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ وَقَفُوهُ عَلَى جَابِرٍ. قَالَ: وَقَدْ أُسْنِدَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ أَيْضًا مِنْ وَجْهٍ ضَعِيفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ الطَّائِفِيُّ كَثِيرُ الْوَهْمِ سَيِّئُ الْحِفْظِ، وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ غَيْرُهُ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ مَوْقُوفًا، ⦗٤٣٠⦘ وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو عِيسَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْكُوفِيِّ، عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " مَا اصْطَدْتُمُوهُ وَهُوَ حَيٌّ فَكُلُوهُ، وَمَا وَجَدْتُمْ مَيِّتًا طَافِيًا فَلَا تَأْكُلُوهُ ". قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: سَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا يَعْنِي الْبُخَارِيَّ عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ: لَيْسَ هَذَا بِمَحْفُوظٍ، وَيُرْوَى عَنْ جَابِرٍ خِلَافُ هَذَا، وَلَا أَعْرِفُ لِابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ شَيْئًا. قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ أَيْضًا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ مَرْفُوعًا، وَيَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ مَتْرُوكٌ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ، وَرَوَاه عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ مَرْفُوعًا، وَعَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ ضَعِيفٌ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ، وَرَوَاهُ بَقِيَّةُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ مَرْفُوعًا، وَلَا يُحْتَجُّ بِمَا يَنْفَرِدُ بِهِ بَقِيَّةُ، فَكَيْفَ بِمَا يُخَالَفُ فِيهِ، وَقَوْلُ الْجَمَاعَةِ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ عَلَى خِلَافِ قَوْلِ جَابِرٍ مَعَ مَا رُوِّينَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي الْبَحْرِ: " هُوَ الطَّهُورُ مَاؤُهُ الْحِلُّ مَيْتَتُهُ ". وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ.
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whatever the sea casts out or recedes from, eat it; and whatever dies in it and floats up, do not eat it."
Abu Dawud said: Sufyan al-Thawri, Ayyub and Hammad narrated this hadith from Abu al-Zubayr and stopped it at Jabir (mawquf). He said: This hadith has also been narrated with a chain to the Prophet through a weak route, from Ibn Abi Dhi'b, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Yahya bin Sulaym al-Ta'ifi makes many errors and has a poor memory, and others have narrated it from Isma'il bin Umayyah as mawquf. Abu Isa al-Tirmidhi narrated it from the hadith of Ibn Abi Dhi'b, through al-Husayn bin Yazid al-Kufi, from Hafs bin Ghiyath, from Ibn Abi Dhi'b, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who said: "Whatever you catch while it is alive, eat it; and whatever you find dead and floating, do not eat it." Abu Isa said: I asked Muhammad, meaning al-Bukhari, about this hadith, and he said: This is not mahfuz (preserved); the opposite of this is narrated from Jabir, and I do not know of anything narrated by Ibn Abi Dhi'b from Abu al-Zubayr.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Yahya bin Abi Unaysah also narrated it from Abu al-Zubayr as marfu', but Yahya bin Abi Unaysah is matruk (abandoned) and is not used as proof. Abd al-Aziz bin Ubaydullah narrated it from Wahb bin Kaysan from Jabir as marfu', but Abd al-Aziz is da'if (weak) and is not used as proof. Baqiyyah bin al-Walid narrated it from al-Awza'i from Abu al-Zubayr from Jabir as marfu', but what Baqiyyah narrates alone is not used as proof, so how much less what he is contradicted in? Moreover, the view of the body of the Companions is contrary to the view of Jabir, together with what we have narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), that he said about the sea: "Its water is pure and its dead are lawful." And success is from Allah.
Abu Dawud said: Sufyan al-Thawri, Ayyub and Hammad narrated this hadith from Abu al-Zubayr and stopped it at Jabir (mawquf). He said: This hadith has also been narrated with a chain to the Prophet through a weak route, from Ibn Abi Dhi'b, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir, from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Yahya bin Sulaym al-Ta'ifi makes many errors and has a poor memory, and others have narrated it from Isma'il bin Umayyah as mawquf. Abu Isa al-Tirmidhi narrated it from the hadith of Ibn Abi Dhi'b, through al-Husayn bin Yazid al-Kufi, from Hafs bin Ghiyath, from Ibn Abi Dhi'b, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who said: "Whatever you catch while it is alive, eat it; and whatever you find dead and floating, do not eat it." Abu Isa said: I asked Muhammad, meaning al-Bukhari, about this hadith, and he said: This is not mahfuz (preserved); the opposite of this is narrated from Jabir, and I do not know of anything narrated by Ibn Abi Dhi'b from Abu al-Zubayr.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Yahya bin Abi Unaysah also narrated it from Abu al-Zubayr as marfu', but Yahya bin Abi Unaysah is matruk (abandoned) and is not used as proof. Abd al-Aziz bin Ubaydullah narrated it from Wahb bin Kaysan from Jabir as marfu', but Abd al-Aziz is da'if (weak) and is not used as proof. Baqiyyah bin al-Walid narrated it from al-Awza'i from Abu al-Zubayr from Jabir as marfu', but what Baqiyyah narrates alone is not used as proof, so how much less what he is contradicted in? Moreover, the view of the body of the Companions is contrary to the view of Jabir, together with what we have narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), that he said about the sea: "Its water is pure and its dead are lawful." And success is from Allah.
