السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجزية
Book of Jizyah
باب: لا خير في أن يعطيهم المسلمون شيئا على أن يكفوا عنهم

There is no good in the Muslims giving them something on condition that they hold back from them

5 hadith

Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup

قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: لِأَنَّ الْقَتْلَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ شَهَادَةٌ، وَأَنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ أَعَزُّ مِنْ أَنْ يُعْطَى مُشْرِكٌ عَلَى أَنْ يَكُفَّ عَنْ أَهْلِهِ؛ لِأَنَّ أَهْلَهُ قَاتِلِينَ وَمَقْتُولِينَ ظَاهِرُونَ عَلَى الْحَقِّ. ⦗377⦘ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: قَدْ رُوِّينَا فِي حَدِيثِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ فِي قِصَّةِ الْأَهْوَازِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فَأَخْبَرَنَا نَبِيُّنَا عَنْ رِسَالَةِ رَبِّنَا أَنَّهُ مَنْ قُتِلَ مِنَّا صَارَ إِلَى جَنَّةٍ وَنَعِيمٍ لَمْ يُرَ مِثْلَهُ قَطُّ، وَمَنْ بَقِيَ مِنَّا مَلَكَ رِقَابَكُمْ..
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Because being killed is martyrdom for the Muslims, and Islam is far too honourable for a polytheist to be given (wealth) on the condition that he refrain from (fighting) the people of Islam, because the people of Islam, whether they kill or are killed, are (in every case) prevailing upon the truth."
The Shaykh (Imam al-Bayhaqi) (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "It has reached us in the hadith of Sayyiduna al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him) about the episode of al-Ahwaz that he said: 'Our Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) informed us of the message of our Lord that whoever of us is killed will go to a Paradise and blessings the like of which have never been seen, and whoever of us remains will become the master of your necks.'"
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / Q18822
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدُوسٍ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا هَمَّامٌ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ خَالَهُ وَكَانَ اسْمُهُ حَرَامًا أَخَا أُمِّ سَلِيمٍ فِي سَبْعِينَ رَجُلًا فَقُتِلُوا يَوْمَ بِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ، وَكَانَ رَئِيسُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ عَامِرَ بْنَ الطُّفَيْلِ، وَكَانَ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: أُخَيِّرُكَ بَيْنَ ثَلَاثِ خِصَالٍ: أَنْ يَكُونَ لَكَ أَهْلُ السَّهْلِ وَلِي أَهْلُ الْمَدَرِ، وَأَكُونَ خَلِيفَتَكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ أَوْ أَغْزُوَكَ بِغَطَفَانَ بِأَلْفِ أَشْقَرَ وَأَلْفِ شَقْرَاءَ. قَالَ: فَطُعِنَ فِي بَيْتِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي فُلَانٍ فَقَالَ: غُدَّةٌ كَغُدَّةِ الْبَكْرِ فِي بَيْتِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي فُلَانٍ، ائْتُونِي بِفَرَسِي، فَرَكِبَهُ فَمَاتَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ فَرَسِهِ فَانْطَلَقَ حَرَامٌ أَخُو أُمِّ سُلَيْمٍ وَرَجُلَانِ مَعَهُ رَجُلٌ أَعْرَجُ وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي فُلَانٍ، قَالَ: كُونَا، يَعْنِي قَرِيبًا مِنِّي حَتَّى آتِيَهُمْ، فَإِنْ أَمَّنُونِي كُنْتُ كَذَا، وَإِنْ قَتَلُونِي أَتَيْتُمْ أَصْحَابَكُمْ، فَأَتَاهُمْ حَرَامٌ فَقَالَ: أَتُؤَمِّنُونَنِي أُبَلِّغْكُمْ رِسَالَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ قَالُوا: نَعَمْ. فَجَعَلَ يُحَدِّثُهُمْ، وَأَوْمَوْا إِلَى رَجُلٍ فَأَتَاهُ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ فَطَعَنْهُ. قَالَ هَمَّامٌ: أَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ: فَأَنْفَذَهُ بِالرُّمْحِ، فَقَالَ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ فُزْتُ وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ، فَلَحِقَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَتَلَ كُلَّهُمْ إِلَّا الْأَعْرَجَ كَانَ فِي رَأْسِ الْجَبَلِ. قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ: فَحَدَّثَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ كَانَ مِنَ الْمَنْسُوخِ: " إِنَّا قَدْ لَقِينَا رَبَّنَا فَرَضِيَ عَنْا وَأَرْضَانَا "، فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَبْعِينَ صَبَاحًا عَلَى رِعْلٍ وَذَكْوَانَ وَبَنِي لِحْيَانَ وَعُصَيَّةَ عَصَتِ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ.
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent his maternal uncle Sayyiduna Haram (may Allah be pleased with him), who was the brother of Sayyidah Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her), among the seventy men who were martyred at Bi'r Ma'unah. The chief of the polytheists, Amir bin al-Tufayl, came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "I give you a choice between three things: (first) that the people of the plains be yours and the townspeople (al-madar) be mine; (second) that I be your successor after you; or (third) that I fight against you with Ghatafan, with a thousand chestnut stallions and a thousand chestnut mares." The narrator says that in the house of a woman of Banu so-and-so he was struck by the plague. He sent for his horse, and Amir bin al-Tufayl died while still mounted on his horse. (Meanwhile) Sayyiduna Haram (may Allah be pleased with him), the brother of Sayyidah Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her), set out, and two other men went with him, a lame man and a man from the tribe of Banu so-and-so. Sayyiduna Haram (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Both of you stay near me while I go to them. If they give me protection, (all is well), and if they kill me, then go back to your companions." When Sayyiduna Haram (may Allah be pleased with him) reached them, he said: "Will you grant me safety so that I may convey to you the message of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?" They (outwardly) agreed, so Sayyiduna Haram (may Allah be pleased with him) began to address them. Meanwhile they sent a man from behind, who struck Sayyiduna Haram (may Allah be pleased with him) with a spear and martyred him. Hammam says: I think that when the spear struck him he said: "Allah is the Greatest! By the Lord of the Ka'bah, I have succeeded." Then that man killed the rest of them as well, except the lame man, because he had (reached) the top of the mountain.
(b) Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) says that (this message about these martyrs) was brought to us, then this wording was abrogated: "We have met our Lord; He is pleased with us and has made us pleased." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) supplicated for seventy days against the tribes of Ri'l, Dhakwan and Banu Lihyan, because they had disobeyed Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him).
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / 18822
Hadith Grading محدثین: صحيح
Hadith Takhrij «صحيح۔ بخاري ٤٠٩١»
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا حَبَّانُ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ، أنبأ مَعْمَرٌ، حَدَّثَنِي ثُمَامَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، سَمِعَ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ: لَمَّا طُعِنَ حَرَامُ بْنُ مِلْحَانَ - وَكَانَ خَالَهُ - يَوْمَ بِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ فَقَالَ بِالدَّمِ هَكَذَا يَنْضَحُهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ وَرَأْسِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: فُزْتُ وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ حَبَّانَ.
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) says that when Sayyiduna Haram bin Milhan (may Allah be pleased with him), who was his maternal uncle, was struck with a spear on the day of Bi'r Ma'unah, as the blood flowed he smeared it over his face and head and said: "By the Lord of the Ka'bah, I have succeeded."
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / 18823
Hadith Grading محدثین: صحيح
Hadith Takhrij «صحيح۔ بخاري ٤٠٩٢»
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الصُّوفِيُّ، ثنا خَلَفٌ هُوَ ابْنُ سَالِمٍ الْمُخَرِّمِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا: اسْتَأْذَنَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْخُرُوجِ مِنْ مَكَّةَ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ، وَتَبِعَهُمَا عَامِرُ بْنُ فُهَيْرَةَ قَالَ: فَقُتِلَ عَامِرُ بْنُ فُهَيْرَةَ يَوْمَ بِئْرِ ⦗٣٧٨⦘ مَعُونَةَ، وَأُسِرَ عَمْرُو بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ الضَّمْرِيُّ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَامِرُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ: مَنْ هَذَا؟ وَأَشَارَ إِلَى قَتِيلٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ: هَذَا عَامِرُ بْنُ فُهَيْرَةَ، فَقَالَ: لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ بَعْدَ مَا قُتِلَ رُفِعَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ حَتَّى إِنِّي لَأَنْظُرُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْأَرْضِ. قَالَ: فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَبَرُهُمْ فَنَعَاهُمْ وَقَالَ: " إِنَّ أَصْحَابَكُمْ أُصِيبُوا، وَإِنَّهُمْ قَدْ سَأَلُوا رَبَّهُمْ فَقَالُوا: رَبَّنَا أَخْبِرْ عَنَّا إِخْوَانَنَا بِمَا رَضِينَا عَنْكَ وَرَضِيتَ عَنَّا، قَالَ: فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ عَنْهُمْ. قَالَ: وَأُصِيبَ مِنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ أَسْمَاءِ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ، سُمِّيَ بِهِ عُرْوَةُ وَمُنْذِرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَسُمِّيَ بِهِ مُنْذِرٌ. رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ، وَجَعَلَ آخِرَ الْحَدِيثِ مِنْ قَوْلِ عُرْوَةَ.
Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) sought permission from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to emigrate. She mentioned the hadith concerning the Hijrah. Sayyiduna Amir bin Fuhayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) was with them. She says: Sayyiduna Amir bin Fuhayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) was killed on the day of Bi'r Ma'unah, and Sayyiduna Amr bin Umayyah al-Damri (may Allah be pleased with him) was taken captive. Amir bin al-Tufayl, pointing towards one of the slain, said: Who is this? Sayyiduna Amr bin Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: This is Amir bin Fuhayrah. He said: I saw after he was killed that he was raised up between the sky and the earth. The narrator says that the news of their killing was given to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Your companions have been martyred, and they asked their Lord: 'O our Lord! Inform our brothers that You are pleased with us and we are pleased with You.'" The narrator says: The news was conveyed on their behalf. Among those killed that day was Urwah bin Asma' bin al-Salt, after whom Urwah was named, and Mundhir bin Umar, after whom Mundhir was named.
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / 18824
Hadith Grading محدثین: صحيح ٤٠٩٣
Hadith Takhrij «صحيح ٤٠٩٣»
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَقِيهُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْحَرَشِيُّ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي أَسْمَاءَ، عَنْ ثَوْبَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَا يَزَالُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ أُمَّتِي ظَاهِرِينَ عَلَى الْحَقِّ لَا يَضُرُّهُمْ مَنْ خَذَلَهُمْ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ أَمْرُ اللهِ وَهُمْ كَذَلِكَ ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ وَغَيْرِهِ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Thawban (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A group of my Ummah will always remain upon the truth; those who forsake them will not harm them, until the Hour comes, and they will remain in that state."
Hadith Reference السنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الجزية / 18825
Hadith Grading محدثین: صحيح
Hadith Takhrij «صحيح۔ متفق عليه»