السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الأشربة والحد فيها
Book of Drinks and the Punishment for Them
باب: الإمام فيما يؤدب إن رأى تركه تركه
The ruler may leave a disciplinary punishment if he sees fit
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قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: أَلَا تَرَى أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ ظَهَرَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ أَنَّهُمْ غَلُّوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ، فَلَمْ يُعَاقِبْهُمْ، وَلَوْ كَانَتِ الْعُقُوبَةُ تَلْزَمُ لُزُومَ الْحَدِّ مَا تَرَكَهُمْ، كَمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَقَطَعَ امْرَأَةً لَهَا شَرَفٌ فَكُلِّمَ فِيهَا: لَوْ سَرَقَتْ فُلَانَةٌ لِامْرَأَةٍ شَرِيفَةٍ لَقَطَعْتُ يَدَهَا.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Do you not see that it became evident to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about some people that they had committed theft (from the spoils) in the path of Allah, yet he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not punish them? Had (discretionary) punishment been binding like a hadd punishment, he (peace and blessings be upon him) would not have left them, just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) cut off the hand of a woman of (a) noble (family), and when intercession was made with him (peace and blessings be upon him) concerning her, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'If so-and-so, (that is,) a noble woman, had stolen, I would have cut off her hand.'"
حَدَّثَنَا الْإِمَامُ أَبُو الطَّيِّبِ سَهْلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ إِمْلَاءً، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، ثنا أَيُّوبُ بْنُ سُوَيْدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شَوْذَبٍ يَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ شَوْذَبٍ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَصَابَ غَنِيمَةً " أَمَرَ بِلَالًا فَنَادَى ثَلَاثًا، فَيَرْفَعُ النَّاسُ مَا أَصَابُوا، ثُمَّ يَأْمُرُ بِهِ فَيُخَمَّسُ، فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ بِزِمَامٍ مِنْ شَعْرٍ وَقَدْ قُسِّمَتِ الْغَنِيمَةُ فَقَالَ: " هَلْ سَمِعْتَ بِلَالًا يُنَادِي ثَلَاثًا؟ " قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: " فَمَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَأْتِيَ بِهِ؟ " فَاعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: " كُنْ أَنْتَ الَّذِي تُوَافِي بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، فَإِنِّي لَنْ أَقْبَلَهُ مِنْكَ " وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْفَزَارِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ شَوْذَبٍ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) obtained spoils of war, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) to call out three times that whoever has anything should hand it all in. The people brought (what they had). Then he took out the fifth from it. Meanwhile a man brought a rein made of hair, by which time the spoils had already been distributed. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked him: "Did you hear Bilal's call?" He said: Yes. He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Then why did you not bring it earlier?" He made an excuse, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Now I will not accept it; you will have to bring it on the Day of Resurrection."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ، قَالَ: أَصَابَ رَجُلٌ مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ شَيْئًا دُونَ الْفَاحِشَةِ، فَأَتَى عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَعَظُمَ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ أَتَى أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَعَظُمَ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَلَا أَدْرِي أَعَظُمَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْ لَا، قَالَ: فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {أَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ طَرَفَيِ النَّهَارِ وَزُلَفًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَاتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ} [هود: ١١٤]، فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: أَلِي هَذِهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ فَقَالَ: " هِيَ لِمَنْ أَخَذَ بِهَا مِنْ أُمَّتِي " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنِ التَّيْمِيِّ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: A man touched a woman (intimately) without intercourse. He came to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), who regarded it as a very great sin; then he came to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), who did the same; then he came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and (the narrator said:) I do not know whether he regarded it as grave or not. Then this verse was revealed: "Establish prayer at the two ends of the day and in the early hours of the night; indeed, good deeds remove evil deeds." [Surah Hud: 114] The man said: "O Messenger of Allah! Is this only for me?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is for whoever of my Ummah acts upon it."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، وَأنا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، وَابْنُ أَبِي سَبْرَةَ، قَالَا: " تَشَاتَمَ رَجُلَانِ عِنْدَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ لَهُمَا شَيْئًا، وَتَشَاتَمَا عِنْدَ عُمَرَ فَأَدَّبَهُمَا ".
Ibn Jurayj and Ibn Abi Sabrah said: Two men insulted each other in the presence of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), and he said nothing to them; they insulted each other in the presence of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and he punished them to discipline them.
