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السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الأشربة والحد فيها
Book of Drinks and the Punishment for Them
باب: السلطان يكره رجلا على أن يدخل نهرا أو ينزل بئرا، أو يرقى نخلة
Chapter: The ruler forcing a man to enter a river, go down a well, or climb a palm tree
Bayhaqi 17555 — The ruler forcing a man to enter a river, go down
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُؤَمَّلِ، ثنا أَبُو عُثْمَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْبَصْرِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ، أنبأ يَعْلَى بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ⦗٥٦٠⦘ الصَّغَانِيُّ، ثنا يَعْلَى بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ثنا الْأَعْمَشُ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: خَرَجَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ وَيَدَاهُ فِي أُذُنَيْهِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: يَا لَبَّيْكَاهُ، يَا لَبَّيْكَاهُ، قَالَ النَّاسُ: مَا لَهُ؟ قَالَ: جَاءَهُ بَرِيدٌ مِنْ بَعْضِ أُمَرَائِهِ أَنَّ نَهْرًا حَالَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْعُبُورِ، وَلَمْ يَجِدُوا سُفَنًا، فَقَالَ أَمِيرُهُمُ: اطْلُبُوا لَنَا رَجُلًا يَعْلَمُ غَوْرَ الْمَاءِ، فَأُتِيَ بِشَيْخٍ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي أَخَافُ الْبَرْدَ وَذَاكَ فِي الْبَرْدِ، فَأَكْرَهَهُ فَأَدْخَلَهُ، فَلَمْ يُلْبِثْهُ الْبَرْدُ، فَجَعَلَ يُنَادِي: يَا عُمَرَاهُ يَا عُمَرَاهُ فَغَرِقَ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ، فَأَقْبَلَ فَمَكَثَ أَيَّامًا مُعْرِضًا عَنْهُ، وَكَانَ إِذَا وَجَدَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ فَعَلَ بِهِ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: مَا فَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي قَتَلْتَهُ؟ قَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا تَعَمَّدْتُ قَتْلَهُ، لَمْ نَجِدْ شَيْئًا يُعْبَرُ فِيهِ، وَأَرَدْنَا أَنْ نَعْلَمَ غَوْرَ الْمَاءِ، فَفَتَحْنَا كَذَا وَكَذَا، وَأَصَبْنَا كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ:: لَرَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ أَحَبُّ إِلِيَّ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ جِئْتَ بِهِ، لَوْلَا أَنْ تَكُونَ سُنَّةً لَضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَكَ، اذْهَبْ فَأَعْطِ أَهْلَهُ دِيَتَهُ، وَاخْرُجْ فَلَا أَرَاكَ.
Zayd bin Wahb (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came out with his hands in his ears, saying: "Ya labbaykah, ya labbaykah (O, here I am! O, here I am!)" The people said: What is the matter with him? (The narrator) said: A courier has come to him from one of his commanders (reporting) that a river came between them and crossing it, and they could find no boats. Their commander said: Find us a man who knows the depth of the water. So an old man was brought, and he said: I fear the cold, and that was during the cold season. The commander forced him and made him enter (the water). The cold did not give him long, and he drowned while calling out: "Ya Umarah, ya Umarah (O Umar! O Umar!)" So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to him (the commander), and he came. For several days he turned away from him, and that is what he did when he was angry with any of them. Then he asked: "What happened to the man you killed?" He said: O Commander of the Believers! I did not intend to kill him; we found nothing to cross in, and we wanted to know the depth of the water, and we conquered such-and-such and gained such-and-such. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "A Muslim man is dearer to me than everything you have brought. Were it not that it would become a precedent (sunnah), I would have struck off your neck. Go and give his family his blood money, and leave; I do not want to see you." [Sahih]
