السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجنايات
Book of Crimes
باب: من سقى رجلا سما
One who gives a man poison to drink
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو النَّضْرِ الْفَقِيهُ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ الْحَجَبِيُّ، ثنا خَالِدُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ: أَنَّ امْرَأَةً يَهُودِيَّةً أَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِشَاةٍ مَسْمُومَةٍ فَأَكَلَ مِنْهَا، فَجِيءَ بِهَا فَقَيلَ: أَلَا نَقْتُلُهَا؟ قَالَ: لَا قَالَ: فَمَا زِلْتُ أَعْرِفُهَا فِي لَهَوَاتِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: A woman brought poisoned goat meat to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) ate some of it. Later she was brought, and it was said to him (peace and blessings be upon him): "Shall we kill her?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No." Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I always saw the effect of that poison on him (peace and blessings be upon him).
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ النَّضْرِ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، قَالَ ابْنُ النَّضْرِ: أَنْبَأَ، وَقَالَ الْآخَرَانِ: حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَبِيبِ بْنِ عَرَبِيٍّ، ثنا خَالِدُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِ إِسْنَادِهِ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فَجِيءَ بِهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَأَلَهَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَتْ: أَرَدْتُ لِأَقْتُلَكَ، فَقَالَ: مَا كَانَ اللهُ لِيُسَلِّطَكِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، أَوْ قَالَ: عَلَيَّ قَالُوا: أَلَا نَقْتُلُهَا؟ قَالَ: لَا ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ بَاقِيَ الْحَدِيثِ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنِ الْحَجَبِيِّ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبِيبِ بْنِ عَرَبِيٍّ.
Khalid bin al-Harith (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated the previous narration in full with his chain, but with this addition: She was brought to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked about it, and she said: "I wanted to kill you." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah would never give you power over me." The people said: "O Messenger of Allah! Kill her," but he (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا دَاوُدُ بْنُ رُشَيْدٍ، ثنا عَبَّادُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ قَالَ، وَثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، ثنا عَبَّادٌ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، وَأَبِي سَلَمَةَ، قَالَ هَارُونُ: عَنْ ⦗٨٣⦘ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْيَهُودِ أَهْدَتْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَاةً مَسْمُومَةً، قَالَ: فَمَا عَرَضَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: A Jewish woman fed him (peace and blessings be upon him) poisoned goat meat, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) pardoned her.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْمَهْرِيُّ، ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ: كَانَ جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ يُحَدِّثُ أَنَّ يَهُودِيَّةً، مِنْ أَهْلِ خَيْبَرَ سَمَّتْ شَاةً مَصْلِيَّةً، ثُمَّ أَهْدَتْهَا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الذِّرَاعَ فَأَكَلَ مِنْهَا، وَأَكَلَ رَهْطٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ مَعَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " ارْفَعُوا أَيْدِيَكُمْ "، وَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى الْيَهُودِيَّةِ فَدَعَاهَا، فَقَالَ لَهَا: " أَسَمَمْتِ هَذِهِ الشَّاةَ؟ " قَالَتِ الْيَهُودِيَّةُ: مَنْ أَخْبَرَكَ؟ قَالَ: " أَخْبَرَتْنِي هَذِهِ فِي يَدِي " لِلذِّرَاعِ قَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: " فَمَا أَرَدْتِ إِلَى ذَلِكَ؟ " قَالَتْ: قُلْتُ: إِنْ كَانَ نَبِيًّا فَلَنْ يَضُرَّهُ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يكُنْ نَبِيًّا اسْتَرَحْنَا مِنْهُ فَعَفَا عَنْهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَلَمْ يُعَاقِبْهَا، وَتُوُفِّيَ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ الَّذِينَ أَكَلُوا مِنَ الشَّاةِ، وَاحْتَجَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى كَاهِلِهِ مِنْ أَجْلِ الَّذِي أَكَلَ مِنَ الشَّاةِ، حَجَمَهُ أَبُو هِنْدٍ بِالْقَرْنِ وَالشَّفْرَةِ، وَهُوَ مَوْلًى لِبَنِي بَيَاضَةَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ.
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: A Jewish woman of Khaybar gave him (peace and blessings be upon him) poisoned meat as a gift. He (peace and blessings be upon him) took the foreleg from it and ate it, and a group also ate with him (peace and blessings be upon him). He (peace and blessings be upon him) immediately said: "Hold back your hands." He (peace and blessings be upon him) summoned that Jewish woman and asked: "Did you put poison in this?" The woman said: "Who told you?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "This foreleg told me." She said: "Yes, I did." He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Why?" She said: "If you truly are a prophet, nothing will happen to you, and if you are not a prophet, we will be relieved of you." He (peace and blessings be upon him) pardoned her. Some of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) died because of that meat. He (peace and blessings be upon him) also had himself cupped between his shoulders to remove the effect of that poison; Abu Hind cupped him (peace and blessings be upon him) with a horn and a blade, and he was a freed slave of Banu Bayadah of the Ansar.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ، ثنا خَالِدٌ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَهْدَتْ لَهُ يَهُودِيَّةٌ بِخَيْبَرَ شَاةً مَصْلِيَّةً، نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: فَمَاتَ بِشْرُ بْنُ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ مَعْرُورٍ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى الْيَهُودِيَّةِ: " مَا حَمَلَكِ عَلَى الَّذِي صَنَعْتِ؟ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: فَأَمَرَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُتِلَتْ، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ أَمْرَ الْحِجَامَةِ.
Abu Salamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: A Jewish woman gave the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) a poisoned goat as a gift. He then narrated the previous hadith in full and added that Bishr bin al-Bara bin Ma'rur (may Allah be pleased with him) died from it. He (peace and blessings be upon him) summoned the Jewish woman and asked her the reason for doing this. Then he narrated the hadith of Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) in full and said that he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that she be killed, and she was then killed in retaliation. His narration does not mention the cupping.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ صَالِحِ بْنِ هَانِئٍ، ثنا السَّرِيُّ بْنُ خُزَيْمَةَ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْحَرَّانِيُّ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو اللَّيْثِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ امْرَأَةً يَهُودِيَّةً دَعَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَأَصْحَابًا لَهُ عَلَى شَاةٍ مَصْلِيَّةٍ، فَلَمَّا قَعَدُوا يَأْكُلُونَ أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لُقْمَةً فَوَضَعَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ: " أَمْسِكُوا، إِنَّ هَذِهِ الشَّاةَ مَسْمُومَةٌ "، فَقَالَ لِلْيَهُودِيَّةِ: " وَيْلَكِ لِأِيِّ شَيْءٍ سَمَمْتِنِي؟ " قَالَتْ: أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَعْلَمَ إِنْ كُنْتَ نَبِيًّا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَضُرُّكَ، وَإِنْ كَانَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ أُرِيحَ النَّاسَ مِنْكَ فَأَكَلَ مِنْهَا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْبَرَاءِ فَمَاتَ، فَقَتَلَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ،.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: A Jewish woman invited the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and some of his Companions to a roasted goat. When they all sat down to eat, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took a morsel and put it down (without eating), then said: "Stop! This goat has been poisoned." The Jewish woman was asked: "Woe to you! Why did you do this?" She said: "I wanted to know: if you are a prophet, it will not harm you, and if it is otherwise, I would relieve the people of you." Bishr bin al-Bara (may Allah be pleased with him) died because of eating that meat, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) had the Jewish woman killed in retaliation.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الثَّقَفِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو هَمَّامٍ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ شُجَاعٍ، ثنا عَبَّادُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَتَلَهَا، يَعْنِي الَّتِي سَمَّتْهُ.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) had the woman who had put in the poison killed.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ بُهْلُولٍ، ثنا أَبِي، ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي فُدَيْكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَبِيبَةَ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يوْمَ خَيْبَرَ أُتِيَ بِشَاةٍ مَسْمُومَةٍ مَصْلِيَّةٍ أَهْدَتْهَا لَهُ امْرَأَةٌ يَهُودِيَّةٌ، فَأَكَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هُوَ وَبِشْرُ بْنُ الْبَرَاءِ فَمَرِضَا مَرَضًا شَدِيدًا عَنْهَا، ثُمَّ إِنَّ بِشْرًا تُوُفِّيَ، فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى الْيَهُودِيَّةِ فَأُتِيَ بِهَا فَقَالَ: " وَيْحَكِ مَاذَا أَطْعَمْتِينَا؟ " قَالَتْ: أَطْعَمْتُكَ السُّمَّ، عَرَفْتُ إِنْ كُنْتَ نَبِيًّا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يَضُرُّكَ، وَإِنَّ اللهَ سَيَبْلُغُ فِيكَ أَمْرُهُ، وَإِنْ كُنْتَ عَلَى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ أُرِيحَ النَّاسَ مِنْكَ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَصُلِبَتْ.
Yahya bin Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Labibah narrates from his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of Khaybar a poisoned roasted goat was brought, which a Jewish woman had given. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Bishr bin al-Bara (may Allah be pleased with him) ate from it, and both became seriously ill, and Bishr (may Allah be pleased with him) died. When Bishr (may Allah be pleased with him) died, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) summoned the Jewish woman and asked: "Why did you do this?" She said: "So that it would be decided: if you are a prophet, no harm will come to you and Allah will save you, and if you are not a prophet, the people will be relieved of you." So by his (peace and blessings be upon him) order she was crucified.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنُ بَطَّةَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْجَهْمِ، ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْفَرَجِ، ثنا الْوَاقِدِيُّ، أنبأ يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ لَبِيبَةَ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَرَ بِهَا فَصُلِبَتْ بَعْدَ أَنْ قَتَلَهَا قَالَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ: الثَّبْتُ عِنْدَنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَتَلَهَا وَأَمَرَ بِلَحْمِ الشَّاةِ فَأُحْرِقَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ: اخْتَلَفَتِ الرِّوَايَاتُ فِي قَتْلِهَا، وَرِوَايَةُ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَصَحُّهَا، وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنَّهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الِابْتِدَاءِ لَمْ يُعَاقِبْهَا حِينَ لَمْ يمُتْ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ مِمَّا أَكَلَ، فَلَمَّا مَاتَ بِشْرُ بْنُ الْبَرَاءِ أَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهَا، فَأَدَّى كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الرُّوَاةِ مَا شَاهَدَ، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had that woman crucified after she had been killed."
Al-Waqidi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It is established with us that she was killed and that the goat's meat was burned.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The narrations differ about her being killed. The most authentic of them is the narration of Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), which mentions that she was given no punishment. But we will interpret it as meaning that as long as nothing had happened, he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not punish that woman, and when Sayyiduna Bishr bin al-Bara (may Allah be pleased with him) died, she too was killed; and each narrator reported what he himself witnessed. And Allah knows best.
Al-Waqidi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It is established with us that she was killed and that the goat's meat was burned.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The narrations differ about her being killed. The most authentic of them is the narration of Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), which mentions that she was given no punishment. But we will interpret it as meaning that as long as nothing had happened, he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not punish that woman, and when Sayyiduna Bishr bin al-Bara (may Allah be pleased with him) died, she too was killed; and each narrator reported what he himself witnessed. And Allah knows best.
