السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الخلع والطلاق
Book of Khul and Divorce
باب: الشك في الطلاق ومن قال: لا تحرم إلا بيقين تحريم
Doubt about divorce, and one who said: she does not become forbidden except with certainty
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قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: يَهْدِمُ الزَّوْجُ الْمُصِيبَهَا بَعْدَ الثَّلَاثِ وَلَا يَهْدِمُ الْوَاحِدَةَ وَلَا الثِّنْتَيْنِ وَاحْتَجَّ بِِمَا.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The (second) husband who has intercourse with her after three divorces cancels (the previous divorces), but he does not cancel one or two divorces." And he cited as evidence the following.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، نا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ هُوَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَعُبَيْدِ اللهِ هُوَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، وَسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَحْرَيْنِ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ تَطْلِيقَةً أَوِ اثْنَتَيْنِ فَنَكَحَتْ زَوْجًا ثُمَّ مَاتَ عَنْهَا أَوْ طَلَّقَهَا فَرَجَعَتْ إِلَى الزَّوْجِ الْأَوَّلِ، عَلَى كَمْ هِيَ عِنْدَهُ؟ قَالَ: " هِيَ عِنْدَهُ عَلَى مَا بَقِيَ ".
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I asked Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) about a man from the people of Bahrain who had given his wife one or two divorces; the woman then married another husband, who died or divorced her. Then she returned to her first husband: how many divorces remain for him? He said: As many divorces as were left the first time, those remain.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ، بِبَغْدَادَ أنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، نا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، نا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، نا سُفْيَانُ، نا الزُّهْرِيُّ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: ثُمَّ انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا فَتَزَوَّجَهَا رَجُلٌ غَيْرُهُ، قَالَ الْحُمَيْدِيُّ: وَكَانَ سُفْيَانُ قِيلَ لَهُ فِيهِمْ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ فَقَالَ: نا الزُّهْرِيُّ هَكَذَا لَمْ يَزِدْنَا عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ الثَّلَاثَةِ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْهُ قَالَ: لَا أَحْفَظُ فِيهِ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ سَعِيدًا وَلَكِنْ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَنْ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ نَحْوَ ذَلِكَ وَكَانَ حَسْبُكَ بِهِ.
Imam al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates it with his chain and its meaning, except that he said: Then her iddah ended and another man married her. Al-Humaydi (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) was told that Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) was among them (the narrators). He said: Al-Zuhri narrated it to us like this; he did not give us more than these three. When he had finished with it, he said: I do not remember Sa'id in it from al-Zuhri, but Yahya bin Sa'id narrated to us from Sa'id, from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), something similar, and that suffices you.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أنا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ، نا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ، نا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ هَجَرَ يُقَالُ لَهُ مَزِيدَةُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: " هِيَ عِنْدَهُ عَلَى مَا ⦗٥٩٨⦘ بَقِيَ مِنْ طَلَاقِهَا " قَالَ: قَالَ سَعِيدٌ: وَكَانَ قَتَادَةُ يَأْخُذُ بِهَذَا الْقَوْلِ يَعْنِي فِي الرَّجُلِ يُطَلِّقُ تَطْلِيقَةً أَوْ تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجُ ثُمَّ يُرَاجِعُهَا.
Mazidah narrates from his father that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: That woman will remain with him on the basis of the divorces that remain to him. Sa'id says: Qatadah adopted this view, concerning a man who gives his wife one or two divorces, then she marries (another), then that man takes her back.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أنا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ، نا الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ، نا أَبُو عَبَّادٍ، نا شُعْبَةُ، نا الْحَكَمُ، عَنْ مَزِيدَةَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ: " هِيَ عِنْدَهُ عَلَى مَا بَقِيَ ".
Mazidah bin Jabir (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that he heard Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) saying: This woman will remain with the man on the basis of the remaining divorces.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي قَالَا: نا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، أنا مُعَلَّى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، نا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ مَطَرٍ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: " هِيَ عَلَى مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الطَّلَاقِ " يَعْنِي فِي الرَّجُلِ يُطَلِّقُ امْرَأَتَهُ فَتَبِينُ مِنْهُ فَتَزَوَّجُ زَوْجًا فَيُطَلِّقُهَا فَيَتَزَوَّجُهَا الْأَوَّلُ قَالَ: هِيَ عَلَى مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ طَلَاقِهَا.
Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Layla (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Ubayy bin Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) that this woman will remain with her husband on the basis of the remaining divorces; that is, a man who divorced his wife so that she became separated from him, then she married another husband, who also divorced her, then the first husband married her again: she will remain with the first husband on the basis of the remaining divorces.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أنا أَبُو نَصْرٍ الْعِرَاقِيُّ، نا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، نا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، نا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، نا سُفْيَانُ، نا خَالِدٌ الْحَذَّاءُ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ قَالَ: " هِيَ عَلَى مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الطَّلَاقِ " وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا بِخِلَافِ ذَلِكَ.
Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Imran bin Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) that this woman will remain with her first husband on the basis of the remaining divorces only.
The opposite of this has been reported from Abdullah bin Umar and Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them).
The opposite of this has been reported from Abdullah bin Umar and Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي، أنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ، أنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ، أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ وَبَرَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: " إِذَا طَلَّقَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ تَطْلِيقَةً أَوْ تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَهَا رَجُلٌ آخَرُ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَهَا هُوَ بَعْدُ قَالَ: تَكُونُ عَلَى طَلَاقٍ مُسْتَقْبَلٍ ".
Wabarah narrates from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): When a man gives his wife one or two divorces, then another man marries that woman, then the first husband marries her again, he is entitled to three divorces anew.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي الْمَعْرُوفِ الْمِهْرَجَانِيُّ الْفَقِيهُ أنا أَبُو عَمْرٍو إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ نُجَيْدٍ، نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ نا أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ بِسْطَامٍ، نا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، نا رَوْحُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنْ طَاوُسٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي الرَّجُلِ " يُطَلِّقُ تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا رَجُلٌ آخَرُ فَيُطَلِّقُهَا أَوْ يَمُوتُ عَنْهَا فَيَتَزَوَّجُهَا زَوْجُهَا الْأَوَّلُ قَالَ: فَتَكُونُ عَلَى طَلَاقٍ جَدِيدٍ ثَلَاثٍ " وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ.
Tawus narrates from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) concerning a man who gives his wife two divorces, then some man marries that woman, then he divorces her or dies, then her first husband marries her: he will now have the right to three divorces.
أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّريفُ أَبُو الْفَتْحِ، أنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي شُرَيْحٍ، نا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْبَغَوِيُّ، نا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْجَعْدِ، أنا إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ ابْنِ الْحَنِيفَةِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ " فِي الرَّجُلِ يُطَلِّقُ امْرَأَتَهُ تَطْلِيقَةً أَوْ تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ تُزَوَّجُ فَيُطَلِّقُهَا زَوْجُهَا قَالَ: إِنْ ⦗٥٩٩⦘ رَجَعَتْ إِلَيْهِ بَعْدَمَا تَزَوَّجَتِ ائْتُنِفَ الطَّلَاقُ وَإِنْ تَزَوَّجَهَا فِي عِدَّتِهَا كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ عَلَى مَا بَقِيَ " الرِّوَايَةُ الْأُولَى عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَصَحُّ وَرِوَايَاتُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى عَنِ ابْنِ الْحَنِيفَةِ ضَعِيفَةٌ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Muhammad bin al-Hanafiyyah narrates from Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) concerning a man who gave his wife one or two divorces, then she married another husband, who also divorced her, then she came back to the first husband: after (her) marriage (to another), he begins the divorces anew; but if he married her during her iddah, she will remain with him on the basis of the remaining divorces.
The first narration from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) is more authentic, and the narrations of Abd al-A'la from Ibn al-Hanafiyyah are da'if (weak) according to the people of hadith. And Allah knows best.
The first narration from Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) is more authentic, and the narrations of Abd al-A'la from Ibn al-Hanafiyyah are da'if (weak) according to the people of hadith. And Allah knows best.
