السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب النكاح
Book of Marriage
باب: لا عدة على الزانية ومن تزوج امرأة حبلى من زنا لم يفسخ النكاح
There is no waiting period for a woman who committed fornication, and one who marries a woman pregnant from fornication does not have his marriage annulled
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اسْتِدْلَالًا بِمَا رَوَيْنَا فِي الْحَدِيثِ الثَّابِتِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ، وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ "، فَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ لِمَاءِ الْعَاهِرِ حُرْمَةً.
Drawing evidence from what we have narrated in the established hadith from Sayyidah Aishah and Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The child belongs to the (owner of the) bed, and for the fornicator is the stone (deprivation)."
So he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not give the fornicator's fluid (semen) any sanctity.
So he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not give the fornicator's fluid (semen) any sanctity.
وَأَمَّا الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الْقَاضِي، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ رَجَاءٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي السَّرِيِّ الْعَسْقَلَانِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يُقَالُ لَهُ بَصْرَةُ قَالَ: تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً بِكْرًا فِي سِتْرِهَا، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهَا، فَإِذَا هِيَ حُبْلَى، فَقَالَ لِيَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَهَا الصَّدَاقُ بِمَا اسْتَحْلَلْتَ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا وَالْوَلَدُ عَبْدٌ لَكَ، فَإِذَا وَلَدَتْ فَاجْلِدُوهَا "، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: فَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ، إِنَّمَا أَخَذَهُ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ، وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ مُخْتَلَفٌ فِي عَدَالَتِهِ..
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from an Ansari Companion named Basrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who says: I married a virgin woman who was in her seclusion. When I went in to her, she was pregnant. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: "She is owed the dower for what you made lawful of her private part, and the child will be your slave; and when she gives birth, flog her."
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Ibn Jurayj took this hadith only from Ibrahim bin Abi Yahya, from Safwan bin Sulaym, and there is disagreement about Ibrahim's integrity.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Ibn Jurayj took this hadith only from Ibrahim bin Abi Yahya, from Safwan bin Sulaym, and there is disagreement about Ibrahim's integrity.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، أَنْبَأَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَاسِينَ، ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ أَبِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ، لَمْ يَقُلْ: يُقَالُ لَهُ بَصْرَةُ قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ: وَحَدِيثُ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ هُوَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ.
Safwan bin Sulaym (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned something similar, but he did not name Basrah.
Abd al-Razzaq said: The hadith of Ibn Jurayj from Safwan bin Sulaym is (in fact) Ibn Jurayj from Ibrahim bin Abi Yahya from Safwan bin Sulaym.
Abd al-Razzaq said: The hadith of Ibn Jurayj from Safwan bin Sulaym is (in fact) Ibn Jurayj from Ibrahim bin Abi Yahya from Safwan bin Sulaym.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الرَّزَّازُ بِبَغْدَادَ، ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْعُمَرِيُّ الْمَوْصِلِيُّ، ثنا بِسْطَامُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَدِينِيُّ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنْ بَصْرَةَ بْنِ أَبِي بَصْرَةَ الْغِفَارِيِّ، أَنَّهُ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً بِكْرًا، فَدَخَلَ بِهَا، فَوَجَدَهَا حُبْلَى، فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَفَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " إِذَا وَضَعَتْ فَاجْلِدُوهَا الْحَدَّ "، وَجَعَلَ لَهَا صَدَاقَهَا بِمَا اسْتَحَلَّ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ وَهُوَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرْسَلًا. ⦗٢٥٥⦘.
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Basrah bin Abi Basrah al-Ghifari (may Allah be pleased with him) that he married a virgin woman. When he went in to her, he found her pregnant. He mentioned that to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), so he (peace and blessings be upon him) separated them and said: "When she gives birth, flog her," and he assigned her dower to her for what he had made lawful of her private part.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ قَالَ: رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ قَتَادَةُ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، وَرَوَى يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، وَعَطَاءٌ الْخُرَاسَانِيُّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، أَرْسَلُوهُ. وَفِي حَدِيثِ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، أَنَّ بَصْرَةَ بْنَ أَكْثَمَ نَكَحَ امْرَأَةً قَالَ: وَكُلُّهُمْ قَالَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ: جَعَلَ الْوَلَدَ عَبْدًا لَهُ..
Yahya bin Abi Kathir (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Basrah bin Aktham (may Allah be pleased with him) married a woman; and all of them said in their narration: "He made the child his slave."
Qatadah narrated this hadith from Sa'id bin Yazid from Ibn al-Musayyib, Yahya bin Abi Kathir from Yazid bin Nu'aym from Sa'id bin al-Musayyib, and Ata' al-Khurasani from Sa'id bin al-Musayyib; they narrated it mursal.
Qatadah narrated this hadith from Sa'id bin Yazid from Ibn al-Musayyib, Yahya bin Abi Kathir from Yazid bin Nu'aym from Sa'id bin al-Musayyib, and Ata' al-Khurasani from Sa'id bin al-Musayyib; they narrated it mursal.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، أنبأ أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، ثنا عَلِيٌّ، عَنْ يَحْيَى، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ بَصْرَةُ بْنُ أَكْثَمَ نَكَحَ امْرَأَةً فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَاهُ، زَادَ وَفَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا، وَحَدِيثُ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ أَتَمُّ.
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said that there was a man called Basrah; he married a woman. He mentioned (the rest) with the same meaning, and added something more: that he separated the two of them.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو حَازِمٍ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ الْهَرَوِيُّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ نُعَيْمٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ أَنَّ " رَجُلًا تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً، فَلَمَّا أَصَابَهَا وَجَدَهَا حُبْلَى، فَرُفِعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَفَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَجَعَلَ لَهَا الصَّدَاقَ وَجَلَدَهَا مِائَةً "، هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُرْسَلٌ وَقَدْ مَضَتِ الدَّلَالَةُ عَلَى جَوَازِ نِكَاحِ الزَّانِيَةِ الْمُسْلِمَةِ وَأَنَّهُ لَا يُفْسَخُ بِالزِّنَا، وَإِنَّمَا جَعَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى الْعِدَّةَ فِي النِّكَاحِ، وَجَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الِاسْتِبْرَاءَ مِنَ الْمِلْكِ، وَأَجْمَعَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ عَلَى أَنَّ وَلَدَ الزِّنَا مِنَ الْحُرَّةِ يَكُونُ حُرًّا، فَيُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ إِنْ كَانَ صَحِيحًا مَنْسُوخًا، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said that a man married a woman, and when he went in to her he found her pregnant. The matter was brought before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) "separated them, assigned the dower (mahr) to the woman, and gave her a hundred lashes."
Note: Marrying a Muslim woman who has committed zina is permissible, and the marriage is not annulled because of zina. That is why Allah Almighty set a waiting period (iddah) in marriage, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) required only the clearing of the womb (istibra'), and the people of knowledge are agreed that the child of zina born to a free woman is also free. It is therefore likely that this hadith, if it is authentic, has been abrogated. And Allah knows best.
This hadith is mursal.
Note: Marrying a Muslim woman who has committed zina is permissible, and the marriage is not annulled because of zina. That is why Allah Almighty set a waiting period (iddah) in marriage, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) required only the clearing of the womb (istibra'), and the people of knowledge are agreed that the child of zina born to a free woman is also free. It is therefore likely that this hadith, if it is authentic, has been abrogated. And Allah knows best.
This hadith is mursal.
