السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب قسم الصدقات
Book of the Division of Sadaqah
باب: قسم الصدقات على قسم الله تعالى وهي سهمان ثمانية ما داموا موجودين
Dividing the charities according to the division of Allah the Exalted, into eight shares as long as their recipients exist
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
قَالَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: {إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْعَامِلِينَ عَلَيْهَا وَالْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَفِي الرِّقَابِ وَالْغَارِمِينَ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ} [التوبة: 60] قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: فَأَحْكَمَ اللهُ فَرْضَ الصَّدَقَاتِ فِي كِتَابِهِ ثُمَّ أَكَّدَهَا فَقَالَ: {فَرِيضَةً مِنَ اللهِ} [النساء: 11] قَالَ: وَقَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فِي حَدِيثِ الصُّدَائِيِّ: " إِنَّ اللهَ لَمْ يَرْضَ فِيهَا بقسْمِ مَلَكٍ مُقَرَّبٍ وَلَا نَبِيٍّ مُرْسَلٍ حَتَّى قَسَمَهَا ".
Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says: "The sadaqat (zakah) are only for the poor, the needy, those employed to administer them, those whose hearts are to be reconciled, for freeing necks (slaves), for those in debt, in the way of Allah, and for the traveller." [Surah al-Tawbah: 60]
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Allah Almighty made the obligation of the sadaqat firm in His Book, then He emphasised it further, saying: '(This is) an obligation from Allah.' [Surah al-Tawbah: 60]"
He said: "And it has been narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said in the hadith of al-Suda'i (Sayyiduna Ziyad bin al-Harith al-Suda'i, may Allah be pleased with him): 'Indeed Allah Almighty was not pleased, concerning it (zakah), with the division of any angel brought near or any prophet sent, until He Himself divided it.'"
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Allah Almighty made the obligation of the sadaqat firm in His Book, then He emphasised it further, saying: '(This is) an obligation from Allah.' [Surah al-Tawbah: 60]"
He said: "And it has been narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said in the hadith of al-Suda'i (Sayyiduna Ziyad bin al-Harith al-Suda'i, may Allah be pleased with him): 'Indeed Allah Almighty was not pleased, concerning it (zakah), with the division of any angel brought near or any prophet sent, until He Himself divided it.'"
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ دُرُسْتَوَيْهِ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، ح وَأنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نَصْرِ الْأَسْتَرَابَاذِيِّ بِهَا، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ حَمْدَانَ الْقَطِيعِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ بِشْرُ بْنُ مُوسَى الْأَسَدِيُّ، ثنا أبو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمُقْرِئُ يَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ زِيَادِ بْنِ أَنْعَمَ، حَدَّثَنِي زِيَادُ بْنُ نُعَيْمٍ الْحَضْرَمِيُّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ زِيَادَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ الصُّدَائِيَّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ صَاحِبَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُحَدِّثُ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَبَايَعْتُهُ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ: ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ آخَرُ، فَقَالَ: أَعْطِنِي مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَمْ يَرْضَ فِيهَا بِحُكْمِ نَبِيٍّ، وَلَا غَيْرِهِ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ هُوَ فِيهَا، فَجَزَّأَهَا ثَمَانِيَةَ أَجْزَاءٍ قَالَ: فَإِنْ كُنْتَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَجْزَاءِ أَعْطَيْتُكَ أَوْ أَعْطَيْنَاكَ حَقَّكَ ".
Sayyiduna Ziyad bin al-Harith al-Suda'i (may Allah be pleased with him), a Companion of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), said: I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and pledged allegiance to him on Islam. Continuing the hadith, he said: Another man came to him (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: Give me some of the sadaqah too. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah Almighty was not pleased, in the matter of the sadaqat, with the decision of His Prophet or of anyone else, until Allah Almighty Himself decided it; Allah Almighty fixed it in eight categories (portions). If you are one of them, I will give to you," or he said: "We will give you your right."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلُوسَا الْأَسَدَا بَاذِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْقَطِيعِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ يَعْنِي الْقَطِيعِيَّ، ثنا الْمَسْرُوقِيُّ يَعْنِي مُوسَى بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، ثنا حَفْصُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " الصَّدَقَةَ فِي ثَمَانِيَةِ أَصْنَافٍ ثُمَّ تُوضَعُ فِي ثَمَانِيَةِ أَسْهُمٍ، فَفَرَضَهَا فِي الذَّهَبِ وَالْوَرِقِ وَالْإِبِلِ وَالْبَقَرِ وَالْغَنَمِ وَالزَّرْعِ وَالْكَرْمِ وَالنَّخْلِ وَتُوضَعَ فِي ثَمَانِيَةِ أَسْهُمٍ فِي أَهْلِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ} [التوبة: ٦٠] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ "، إِسْنَادُ هَذَا ضَعِيفٌ وَفِي نَصِّ الْكِتَابِ كِفَايَةٌ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) "made sadaqah obligatory on eight kinds of things, then it is divided into eight portions. He (peace and blessings be upon him) made sadaqah obligatory on these things: gold, silver, camels, cows, goats, crops, grapes and dates," and this sadaqah is to be given to the eight kinds of people mentioned in this verse: "The sadaqat are only for the poor and the needy" [Surah al-Tawbah: 60].
The chain of this is weak, and the text of the Book (of Allah) is sufficient.
The chain of this is weak, and the text of the Book (of Allah) is sufficient.
