السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الوصايا
Book of Wills
باب: الوصية بالحج
Bequeathing Hajj
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ، أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، ثنا مُعَاذٌ، عَنِ الْأَشْعَثِ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي الرَّجُلِ فَرَّطَ فِي زَكَاةٍ، وَفَرَّطَ فِي الْحَجِّ، حَتَّى ⦗٤٤٨⦘ حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ، قَالَ: كَانَ الْحَسَنُ يَقُولُ: " يَبْدَأُ بِالْحَجِّ وَالزَّكَاةِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ بَعْدُ: لَا، وَلَا كَرَامَةَ، يَدَعُهُ حَتَّى إِذَا صَارَ الْمَالُ لِغَيْرِهِ قَالَ: حُجُّوا عَنِّي، وَزَكُّوا عَنِّي هُوَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ " كَذَا فِي هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةِ.
It is narrated from al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding a man who neglects zakah and Hajj until death comes to him. Al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) used to say: Hajj and zakah are to be paid first. Then later he said: No, and there is no honour in it: he neglected it until, when the wealth was about to become someone else's, he said: Perform Hajj on my behalf and pay zakah on my behalf. It is from the third.
وَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو حَامِدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الرَّازِيُّ الْحَافِظُ، أنا زَاهِرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو الْأَزْهَرِ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، ثنا هِشَامٌ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، فِي الرَّجُلِ يُوصِي أَنْ يُحَجَّ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: " إِنْ كَانَ قَدْ حَجَّ فَمِنَ الثُّلُثِ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ حَجَّ فَهُوَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ، أَوْصَى أَوْ لَمْ يُوصِ، وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ ".
It is narrated from al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding a man who bequeaths that Hajj be performed on his behalf. He said: If he had already performed Hajj, the bequest will be fulfilled from the third; and if he had not performed Hajj, the Hajj will be performed from all his wealth, whether he made a bequest or not. It is a debt upon him.
قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو الْأَزْهَرِ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، وَابْنِ طَاوُسٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: " إِذَا أَوْصَى الرَّجُلُ بِشَيْءٍ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ وَاجِبًا؛ حَجٌّ أَوْ كَفَّارَةُ يَمِينٍ أَوْ ظِهَارٌ، فَهُوَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ ".
Ibn Tawus narrates from his father (may Allah have mercy on them both) that when a man bequeaths something that was obligatory upon him, such as Hajj, the expiation for an oath or the expiation for zihar, it is to be taken from all his wealth.
قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَرْوزُقٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، وَعَنْ زِيَادٍ الْأَعْلَمِ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، فِي الرَّجُلِ يُوصِي بِالْحَجِّ أَوْ بِالزَّكَاةِ، قَالَ: " هُوَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ " وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِذَا أَوْصَى بِحَجٍّ أَوْ زَكَاةٍ فَهِيَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ، حَجَّ أَوْ لَمْ يَحُجَّ وَعَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ، وَبِقَوْلِ الْحَسَنِ وَطَاوُسٍ، وَعَطَاءٍ، وَالزُّهْرِيِّ نَقُولُ؛ حَيْثُ قَالُوا: هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الدَّيْنِ.
It is narrated from al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding a man who bequeaths Hajj or zakah that it is from all his wealth.
It has been narrated to us from Ibrahim al-Nakha'i that he said: If he bequeaths Hajj or zakah, it is from the third, whether he had performed Hajj or not; and the like of that is narrated from Ibn Sirin. We hold the view of al-Hasan, Tawus, Ata and al-Zuhri, since they said that it is like a debt.
It has been narrated to us from Ibrahim al-Nakha'i that he said: If he bequeaths Hajj or zakah, it is from the third, whether he had performed Hajj or not; and the like of that is narrated from Ibn Sirin. We hold the view of al-Hasan, Tawus, Ata and al-Zuhri, since they said that it is like a debt.
اسْتِدْلَالًا بِمَا: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أنا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ فِرَاسٍ الْمَالِكِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدٍ الصَّائِغُ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ امْرَأَةً جَاءَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ: إِنَّ أُمِّي نَذَرَتْ أَنْ تَحُجَّ، فَمَاتَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَحُجَّ، أَفَأَحُجُّ عَنْهَا؟ قَالَ: " نَعَمْ، حُجِّي عَنْهَا، أَرَأَيْتِ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَى أُمِّكِ دَيْنٌ أَكُنْتِ قَاضِيَتَهُ؟ " قَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: " اقْضِي اللهَ الَّذِي هُوَ لَهُ؛ فَإِنَّ اللهَ أَحَقُّ بِالْوَفَاءِ " رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُوسَى وَمُسَدَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a woman came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: My mother vowed to perform Hajj, and she died before performing Hajj. Shall I perform Hajj on her behalf? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes, perform Hajj. What do you think: if your mother had owed a debt, would you have paid it?" She said: Yes. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Pay the debt of Allah, for fulfilling it is more deserving."
