السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الفرائض
Book of Inheritance
باب: فرض الابنتين فصاعدا
The share of two or more daughters
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ الْقَاضِي، ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ، ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ: خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى جِئْنَا امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِي الْأَسْوَافِ، وَهِيَ جَدَّةُ خَارِجَةَ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ: فَجَاءَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ بِابْنَتَيْنِ لَهَا فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، هَاتَانِ ابْنَتَا ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ، قُتِلَ مَعَكَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ، وَقَدِ اسْتَفَاءَ عَمُّهُمَا مَالَهُمَا وَمِيرَاثَهُمَا كُلَّهُ، فَلَمْ يَدَعْ مَالًا إِلَّا أَخَذَ، فَمَا تَرَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ فَوَاللهِ لَا تُنْكَحَانِ أَبَدًا إِلَّا وَلَهُمَا مَالٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " يَقْضِي اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي ذَلِكَ "، فَنَزَلَتْ سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ {يُوصِيكُمُ اللهُ فِي أَوْلَادِكُمْ} [النساء: ١١] الْآيَةَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " ادْعُ لِيَ الْمَرْأَةَ وَصَاحِبَهَا "، فَقَالَ لِعَمِّهِمَا: " أَعْطِهِمَا الثُّلُثَيْنِ، وَأَعْطِ أُمَّهُمَا الثُّمُنَ، وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلَكَ " قَوْلُهُ: اسْتَفَاءَ مَالَهُمَا، مَعْنَاهُ: اسْتَرَدَّ وَاسْتَرْجَعَ حَقَّهُمَا مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ، وَأَصْلُهُ مِنَ الْفَيْءِ وَهُوَ الرُّجُوعُ، قَوْلُهُ: ثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ خَطَأٌ، إِنَّمَا هُوَ سَعْدُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ.
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: We went out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) until we came to a woman of the Ansar in al-Aswaf. She was the grandmother of Kharijah bin Zayd. The narrator related the hadith and said: A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with two daughters and said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! These two are the daughters of Thabit bin Qays, who was killed with you at Uhud. Their paternal uncle has taken their wealth and all their inheritance, and has left nothing for them. So what do you think, O Messenger of Allah? By Allah, they will never be married without wealth." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah Almighty will decide concerning this." Then the verse of Surah al-Nisa was revealed: "Allah instructs you concerning your children" [Surah al-Nisa: 11]. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Call the woman and her companion (the uncle) to me." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said to their uncle: "Give them two-thirds, give their mother an eighth, and what remains is yours."
The meaning of his words "istafa'a malahuma" is that "he went back to their right of inheritance."
His saying "Thabit bin Qays" is a mistake; it is only Sa'd bin al-Rabi'.
The meaning of his words "istafa'a malahuma" is that "he went back to their right of inheritance."
His saying "Thabit bin Qays" is a mistake; it is only Sa'd bin al-Rabi'.
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ، أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا ابْنُ السَّرْحِ، ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي دَاوُدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ وَغَيْرُهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، أَنَّ امْرَأَةَ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ قَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّ سَعْدًا هَلَكَ وَتَرَكَ ابْنَتَيْنِ، قَالَ: وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ. قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: هَذَا هُوَ الصَّوَابُ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the wife of Sa'd bin al-Rabi' (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Sa'd has died and left two daughters." Then he narrated the hadith.
Abu Dawud said: This is the correct version.
Abu Dawud said: This is the correct version.
