السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الحج
Book of Hajj
باب: إباحة التجارة
The permissibility of trade
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قَالَ اللهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ {لَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ بِالْبَاطِلِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ تِجَارَةً عَنْ تَرَاضٍ مِنْكُمْ} [النساء: 29] وَقَالَ {وَأَحَلَّ اللهُ الْبَيْعَ وَحَرَّمَ الرِّبَا} [البقرة: 275].
The saying of Allah, Exalted be His praise: "Do not consume one another's wealth unjustly among yourselves, except that it be trade by mutual consent among you." [Surah al-Nisa: 29]
And He said: "And Allah has made trade lawful and has forbidden usury (riba)." [Surah al-Baqarah: 275]
And He said: "And Allah has made trade lawful and has forbidden usury (riba)." [Surah al-Baqarah: 275]
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُنَادِي، ثنا شَبَابَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ مَا رَزَقْنَاكُمْ} [البقرة: ٥٧] قَالَ: " التِّجَارَةُ ".
Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) says concerning the saying of Allah Almighty: "Eat of the good things with which We have provided you" [Surah al-Baqarah: 57], that what is meant is trade.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، أنا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ، أنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْفِقُوا مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ مَا كَسَبْتُمْ قَالَ: " مِنَ التِّجَارَةِ ".
Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) says concerning this verse, "O you who believe, spend of the good things you have earned" [Surah al-Baqarah: 267]: O you who believe, spend from the pure provision you earn; what is meant is trade.
وَبِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ، أنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ بِالْبَاطِلِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ تِجَارَةً عَنْ تَرَاضٍ مِنْكُمْ} [النساء: ٢٩] قَالَ: " التِّجَارَةُ رِزْقٌ مِنْ رِزْقِ اللهِ حَلَالٌ مِنْ حَلَالِ اللهِ لِمَنْ طَلَبَهَا بِصِدْقِهَا وَبِرِّهَا ".
It is narrated from Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him) concerning the saying of Allah Almighty, "O you who believe, do not consume one another's wealth unjustly among yourselves, except by trading with one another by mutual consent" [Surah al-Nisa: 29], that he said: What is meant by it is trade; it is provision from Allah and among the things Allah has made lawful, for the one who seeks it with truthfulness and righteousness.
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدُّورِيُّ، ثنا الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ، ثنا شَرِيكٌ، عَنْ وَائِلِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ، عَنْ جُمَيْعِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ خَالِهِ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ، قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أِيُّ الْكَسْبِ أَطْيَبُ، أَوْ أَفْضَلُ؟، قَالَ: " عَمَلُ الرَّجُلِ بِيَدِهِ وَكُلُّ بَيْعٍ مَبْرُورٍ " هَكَذَا رَوَاهُ شَرِيكُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْقَاضِي، وَغَلَطَ فِيهِ فِي مَوْضِعَيْنِ، أَحَدُهُمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ جُمَيْعُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ، وَالْآخَرُ فِي وَصْلِهِ، وَإِنَّمَا رَوَاهُ غَيْرُهُ، عَنْ وَائِلٍ مُرْسَلًا.
Jumay' bin Umayr narrates from his maternal uncle Abu Burdah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked which earning is the purest, or he asked: the best? He said: "A man's work with his own hand, and a sale conducted with honest intent."
Sharik bin Abdullah al-Qadi narrated it this way and erred in it in two places: one is his saying "Jumay' bin Umayr", whereas it is only Sa'id bin Umayr; and the other is in connecting its chain, whereas others narrated it from Wa'il as mursal.
Sharik bin Abdullah al-Qadi narrated it this way and erred in it in two places: one is his saying "Jumay' bin Umayr", whereas it is only Sa'id bin Umayr; and the other is in connecting its chain, whereas others narrated it from Wa'il as mursal.
كَمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا عَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ، ثنا وَائِلُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ أَبُو أُمِّهِ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ عَازِبٍ قَالَ: سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أِيُّ كَسْبِ الرَّجُلِ أَطْيَبُ؟ قَالَ: " عَمَلُ الرَّجُلِ بِيَدِهِ وَكُلُّ بَيْعٍ مَبْرُورٍ " هَذَا هُوَ الْمَحْفُوظُ مُرْسَلًا وَيُقَالُ عَنْهُ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ، قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أِيُّ الْكَسْبِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ: " كَسْبٌ مَبْرُورٌ ".
Sa'id bin Umayr, whose maternal grandfather was Sayyiduna al-Bara' bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him), narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked: "Which of a man's earnings is the purest?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A man's work with his own hand, and every lawful sale."
This is the preserved version, as mursal.
(b) Sa'id narrates from his paternal uncle that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked: "Which earning is the best?" He said: "A pure earning."
This is the preserved version, as mursal.
(b) Sa'id narrates from his paternal uncle that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked: "Which earning is the best?" He said: "A pure earning."
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ هُوَ الْأَصَمُّ، أنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أنا الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ، عَنْ وَائِلِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ، فَذَكَرَهُ وَقَدْ أَرْسَلَهُ غَيْرُهُ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ. وَقَالَ شَرِيكٌ: عَنْ وَائِلِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ، عَنْ جُمَيْعِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ خَالِهِ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ - وَجُمَيْعٌ، خَطَأٌ، وَقَالَ الْمَسْعُودِيُّ: عَنْ وَائِلِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ، عَنْ عَبَايَةَ بْنِ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ -، وَهُوَ خَطَأٌ، وَالصَّحِيحُ رِوَايَةُ وَائِلٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرْسَلًا، قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ: أَسْنَدَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ وَهُوَ خَطَأٌ.
Sa'id bin Umayr narrates the same hadith from his paternal uncle.
Others narrated it from Sufyan as mursal. Sharik said: from Wa'il bin Dawud, from Jumay' bin Umayr, from his maternal uncle Abu Burdah; and "Jumay'" is a mistake. Al-Mas'udi said: from Wa'il bin Dawud, from Abayah bin Rafi' bin Khadij, from his father; and that is a mistake. The correct version is the narration of Wa'il from Sa'id bin Umayr from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as mursal. Al-Bukhari said: Some of them narrated it with a connected chain, and that is a mistake.
Others narrated it from Sufyan as mursal. Sharik said: from Wa'il bin Dawud, from Jumay' bin Umayr, from his maternal uncle Abu Burdah; and "Jumay'" is a mistake. Al-Mas'udi said: from Wa'il bin Dawud, from Abayah bin Rafi' bin Khadij, from his father; and that is a mistake. The correct version is the narration of Wa'il from Sa'id bin Umayr from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as mursal. Al-Bukhari said: Some of them narrated it with a connected chain, and that is a mistake.
