السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصيام
Book of Fasting
باب: المرأة لا تصوم تطوعا وبعلها شاهد إلا بإذنه
A woman does not fast voluntarily while her husband is present except with his permission
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْقَطَّانُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهِ، قَالَ: هَذَا مَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " لَا تَصُومُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَبَعْلُهَا شَاهِدٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A woman should not fast without her husband's permission when her husband is present."
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى، ثنا مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ قَطَنٍ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا جَرِيرٌ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَنَحْنُ عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ زَوْجِي صَفْوَانَ بْنَ الْمُعَطَّلِ يَضْرِبُنِي إِذَا صَلَّيْتُ وَيُفَطِّرُنِي إِذَا صُمْتُ وَلَا يُصَلِّي صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ، قَالَ وَصَفْوَانُ عِنْدَهُ فَسَأَلَهُ عَمَّا قَالَتْ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَمَّا قَوْلُهَا يَضْرِبُنِي إِذَا صَلَّيْتُ فَإِنَّهَا تَقْرَأُ بِسُورَتَيْنِ نَهَيْتُهَا عَنْهُمَا، وَقُلْتُ: لَوْ كَانَتْ سُورَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ لَكَفَتِ النَّاسَ، وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهَا يُفَطِّرُنِي إِذَا صُمْتُ فَإِنَّهَا تَنْطَلِقُ وَتَصُومُ وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ شَابٌّ فَلَا أَصْبِرُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَئِذٍ: " لَا تَصُومُ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا " وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهَا بِأَنِّي لَا أُصَلِّي حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ قَدْ عُرِفَ لَنَا ذَاكَ لَا نَكَادُ نَسْتَيْقِظُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ قَالَ: " فَإِذَا اسْتَيْقَظْتَ فَصَلِّ ".
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that a woman came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) while we were with him, and she said: "O Messenger of Allah! When I pray, my husband Safwan bin al-Mu'attal (may Allah be pleased with him) beats me; when I fast, he makes me break my fast; and he himself does not pray the Fajr prayer until the sun has risen." The narrator said: Safwan (may Allah be pleased with him) was also present, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked him about what the woman had said, and he replied: "O Messenger of Allah! As for her saying that he beats me when I pray, the matter is that she recites surahs which I have forbidden her, and I say that if you recite just one surah it would suffice everyone. And as for her saying that he makes me break my fast when I fast, she just keeps on fasting, and I am a young man and cannot be patient." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A woman should not fast (voluntary fasts) except with her husband's permission." And as for her saying that I pray Fajr after the sun has risen, the family to which I belong is known for this: we cannot wake up before the sun rises. So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you wake up, then pray."
