السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصيام
Book of Fasting
باب: رواية من روى في هذا الحديث لفظة لا يرضاها أصحاب الحديث
The narration of those who reported in this hadith a word that the hadith scholars do not accept
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، حدَّثَنِي أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ التَّمِيمِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ الْأَرْغِيَانِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ، حدَّثَنِي أَبِي، قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ: وَحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ، أنبأ عُمَرُ، وَالْوَلِيدُ، قَالُوا: أنبأ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ، حدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ، ثنا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: بَيْنَا أَنَا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، هَلَكْتُ وَأَهْلَكْتُ، قَالَ: " وَيْحَكَ وَمَا شَأْنُكَ؟ " قَالَ: وَقَعْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي فِي رَمَضَانَ، قَالَ: " فَأَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً " وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ. ⦗٣٨٤⦘ ضَعَّفَ شَيْخُنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةَ " وَأَهْلَكْتُ "، وَحَمَلَهَا عَلَى أَنَّهَا أُدْخِلَتْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ الْأَرْغِيَانِيِّ، فَقَدْ رَوَاهُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ بِالْإِسْنَادِ الْأَوَّلِ دُونَ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةِ، وَرَوَاهُ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ دُونَ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةِ، وَرَوَاهُ دُحَيْمٌ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ دُونَهَا، وَرَوَاهُ كَافَّةُ أَصْحَابِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ دُونَهَا، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْهَا أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ إِلَّا مَا رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي ثَوْرٍ عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، وَكَانَ شَيْخُنَا يَسْتَدِلُّ عَلَى كَوْنِهَا فِي تِلْكَ الرِّوَايَةِ أَيْضًا خَطَأٌ، بِأَنَّهُ نَظَرَ فِي كِتَابِ الصَّوْمِ تَصْنِيفَ الْمُعَلَّى بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ بِخَطٍّ مَشْهُوَرٍ فَوَجَدَ فِيهِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ دُونَ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةِ، وَأَنَّ كَافَّةَ أَصْحَابِ سُفْيَانَ رَوَوْهُ عَنْهُ دُونَهَا، وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I was once with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when a man came and said: O Messenger of Allah! I am ruined, and I have caused ruin. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Woe to you, what has happened to you?" He said: I had intercourse with my wife in Ramadan. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then free a slave." And he narrated the hadith in full.
(Our Shaykh Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz (may Allah have mercy on him) declared the words "and I have caused ruin" weak, and held that they were inserted into the narration of Muhammad bin al-Musayyab al-Arghiyani, since others narrated it from him and from al-Awza'i without these words, and none of al-Zuhri's students mentioned them except in what is narrated from Abu Thawr, from Mu'alla bin Mansur, from Sufyan bin Uyaynah, from al-Zuhri. Our Shaykh used to argue that these words are a mistake in that narration as well, because he looked in the Kitab al-Sawm compiled by Mu'alla bin Mansur, in a well-known handwriting, and found this hadith in it without these words, and all of Sufyan's students narrated it from him without them; and Allah knows best.)
(Our Shaykh Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz (may Allah have mercy on him) declared the words "and I have caused ruin" weak, and held that they were inserted into the narration of Muhammad bin al-Musayyab al-Arghiyani, since others narrated it from him and from al-Awza'i without these words, and none of al-Zuhri's students mentioned them except in what is narrated from Abu Thawr, from Mu'alla bin Mansur, from Sufyan bin Uyaynah, from al-Zuhri. Our Shaykh used to argue that these words are a mistake in that narration as well, because he looked in the Kitab al-Sawm compiled by Mu'alla bin Mansur, in a well-known handwriting, and found this hadith in it without these words, and all of Sufyan's students narrated it from him without them; and Allah knows best.)
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ مَزْيَدَ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي قَالَ: سُئِلَ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ جَامَعَ أَهْلَهُ فِي رَمَضَانَ، قَالَ: " ⦗٣٨٥⦘ عَلَيْهِمَا كَفَّارَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ إِلَّا الصِّيَامَ، فَإِنَّ الصِّيَامَ عَلَيْهِمَا جَمِيعًا "، قِيلَ لَهُ: فَإِنِ اسْتَكْرَهَهَا؟ قَالَ: " عَلَيْهِ الصِّيَامُ وَحْدَهُ ".
Abbas bin al-Walid (may Allah have mercy on him) said: My father informed me that al-Awza'i (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked about a man who has intercourse with his wife in Ramadan. He said: There is a single expiation upon the two of them, except for the fasting, for the fasting is upon both of them. It was said to him: What if the woman was unwilling? He said: Then the fasting is upon the man alone.
