السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصيام
Book of Fasting
باب: فرض صوم شهر رمضان
The obligation of fasting the month of Ramadan
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو يَعْلَى الْمَوْصِلِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، ثنا أَبُو خَالِدٍ الْأَحْمَرُ، عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " بُنِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ عَلَى خَمْسٍ، عَلَى أَنْ يُوَحَّدَ اللهُ، وَإِقَامِ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ، وَصِيَامِ رَمَضَانَ، وَالْحَجِّ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، وَزَادَ فِيهِ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: الْحَجُّ وَصِيَامُ رَمَضَانَ، قَالَ: لَا، " صِيَامُ رَمَضَانَ وَالْحَجُّ " هَكَذَا سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Islam has been built upon five (pillars): affirming the Oneness of Allah, establishing the prayer, paying zakah, fasting in Ramadan, and performing Hajj."
(Imam Muslim (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded it in his Sahih from Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Numayr, and added in it that a man said: Hajj and fasting in Ramadan? He said: "No, rather fasting in Ramadan and Hajj; this is how I heard it from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).")
(Imam Muslim (may Allah have mercy on him) recorded it in his Sahih from Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Numayr, and added in it that a man said: Hajj and fasting in Ramadan? He said: "No, rather fasting in Ramadan and Hajj; this is how I heard it from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).")
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عِيسَى، وَأَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، قَالَا: ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ حَجَّاجٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِزِيَادَتِهِ.
Muslim bin al-Hajjaj (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Numayr (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned this hadith with some addition.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي طَاهِرٍ الدَّقَّاقُ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِابْنِ الْبَيَاضِ بِبَغْدَادَ، ثنا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ الْجَزَرِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو قِلَابَةَ، ثنا أَبُو زَيْدٍ الْهَرَوِيُّ، ثنا قُرَّةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَمْرَةَ نَصْرِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الضُّبَعِيِّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: إِنَّ لِي جَرَّةَ نَبِيذٍ حُلْوٍ فَأَشْرَبُهُ فَإِذَا أَكْثَرْتُ مِنْهُ فَجَالَسْتُ الْقَوْمَ فَأَطَلْتُ الْمَجْلِسَ خِفْتُ أَنْ أَنْتَضِحَ، فَقَالَ لِي: قَدِمَ وَفْدُ عَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ، فَقَالَ: مَرْحَبًا بِالْوَفْدِ غَيْرِ الْخَزَايَا، قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكَ كُفَّارَ مُضَرَ، وَإِنَّا لَا نَصِلُ إِلَيْكَ إِلَّا فِي شَهْرٍ حَرَامٍ، فَمُرْنَا بِأَمْرٍ نَعْمَلُ بِهِ وَنَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ مَنْ وَرَاءَنَا قَالَ: " آمُرُكُمْ بِالْإِيمَانِ تَدْرُونَ مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، وَأَنْ تُقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتُوا الزَّكَاةَ، وَتَصُومُوا رَمَضَانَ، وَتَحُجُّوا الْبَيْتَ الْحَرَامَ " قَالَ: وَأَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ: " وَتُعْطُوا الْخُمُسَ مِنَ الْغَنَائِمِ، وَأَنْهَاكُمْ عَنِ الشُّرْبِ فِي الْجَرِّ وَالدُّبَّاءِ وَالْمُزَفَّتِ وَالنَّقِيرِ ". أَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ، وَمُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ قُرَّةَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ.
Abu Jamrah Nasr bin Imran al-Duba'i (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both): I have a jar of sweet nabidh which I drink; when I drink a lot of it and sit with people and the gathering becomes long, I fear that I will be disgraced. He said to me: The delegation of Abd al-Qays came, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Welcome to the delegation who are neither disgraced (nor regretful)." They said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), between us and you lies the tribe of the disbelievers of Mudar, so we cannot come to you except in a sacred month. So command us with a matter which we may act upon and to which we may invite those we have left behind." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I command you to believe. Do you know what belief is? It is to bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the Messenger of Allah, and that you establish the prayer, pay zakah, fast in Ramadan and perform Hajj to the House of Allah." The narrator says: I think he (peace and blessings be upon him) also said: "And that you give one fifth (khumus) of the spoils of war. And I forbid you from drinking from earthen jars, gourds, pitch-coated vessels and hollowed wooden vessels."
