Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There is no zakah on less than five uqiyahs of silver, there is no zakah on less than five wasqs of dates either, and there is no zakah on less than five camels either."
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) indicates that if five camels, five uqiyahs of silver or five wasqs of dates, any one of these, belong to a free Muslim, then zakah is due in the wealth itself, not on the owner; because if the owner fell short of that amount, no zakah would be due from him.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الزكاة / 7337
Yusuf bin Mahak (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Increase the wealth of the orphan — or he said: of the orphans — so that zakah does not consume it or finish it off."
This report is mursal, except that al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) supported it by citing the previous report and what has been narrated from the Companions on this matter; it has also been narrated from Amr bin Shu'ayb, from his father, from his grandfather, as marfu' (from the Prophet).
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الزكاة / 7338
Amr bin Shu'ayb (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father, and he from his grandfather (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever becomes the guardian of an orphan who has wealth should trade with it on his behalf, and should not leave it so that zakah consumes it."
Al-Muthanna (bin al-Sabbah) and Mandal (bin Ali) are both not strong (narrators).
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الزكاة / 7339
Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Trade with the orphan's wealth, lest zakah consume it.
This chain is sahih (authentic), and it has supporting reports from Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الزكاة / 7340
Abu Mihjan or Ibn Mihjan (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Uthman bin Abi al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) came to Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: How is trade in your land? For I have an orphan's wealth with me, and zakah has nearly used it up. He said: So he handed that wealth over to him.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الزكاة / 7341
Habib bin Abi Thabit narrates from some of the children of Sayyiduna Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) that they said: Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) used to pay the zakah on our wealth while we were orphans.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الزكاة / 7342
Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) granted Abu Rafi' a piece of land. When Abu Rafi' died, Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) sold it for eighty thousand and gave (the money) to Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), and he used to pay its zakah. When the sons of Abu Rafi' took possession of it, they found it less, so they came to Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and informed him. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Did you calculate its zakah? They said: No. Then, when they calculated the zakah, they found it exactly complete. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Did you think that I would have wealth with me and not pay its zakah?
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الزكاة / 7343
Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Layla (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) used to pay the zakah on the wealth of the sons of Sayyiduna Abu Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him). When Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) handed that wealth over to them, they found it less, and they said: This wealth is short. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Do you think that wealth would be with me and I would not pay its zakah?
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الزكاة / 7344
Abd al-Rahman bin al-Qasim (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that he said: Sayyidah Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) was the guardian of me and of an orphan brother of mine who were in her care, and she used to take out zakah from our wealth.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الزكاة / 7345
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Whoever becomes the guardian of an orphan's wealth and keeps count of it over the years, then when he returns the wealth to him he should inform him that this much zakah is due; if he wishes he may pay the zakah, and if he does not wish he need not pay it.
Imam al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said — in a debate that took place between him and an opponent, his reply concerning this report was: You hold that this is not established from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) on two counts: first, that it is munqati' (broken), and second, that the one who narrated it is not a precise memoriser. The Shaykh said: The reason for its break is that Mujahid did not meet Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), and the narrator who is not a precise memoriser is Layth bin Abi Sulaym, whom the scholars of hadith have declared weak. It has also been narrated from Ibn Abbas, except that Ibn Lahi'ah is alone in narrating its chain, and Ibn Lahi'ah is not taken as proof. And Allah knows best.
Hadith Referenceالسنن الكبرى للبيهقي / كتاب الزكاة / 7347