السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الزكاة
Book of Zakah
باب: ما ورد من الوعيد فيمن كنز مال زكاة ولم يؤد زكاته
Reports of the threat against one who hoards wealth liable to zakah and does not pay its zakah
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وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْوَرَّاقُ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، ثنا أَبِي، ثنا عَاصِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ.
Muhammad bin Zayd (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, and he narrated the whole hadith in the same way.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُوسَى الرَّازِيُّ بِبُخَارَى، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيُّ، ثنا هَاشِمُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ السَّمَّانِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَنْ آتَاهُ اللهُ مَالًا فَلَمْ يُؤَدِّ زَكَاتَهُ مُثِّلَ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ شُجَاعًا أَقْرَعَ لَهُ زَبِيبَتَانِ يُطَوَّقُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُ بِلِهْزِمَتَيْهِ يَعْنِي شِدْقَيْهِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: أَنَا مَالُكَ أَنَا كَنْزُكَ ثُمَّ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {وَلَا تَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ بِمَا آتَاهُمُ اللهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ هُوَ خَيْرًا لَهُمْ بَلْ هُوَ شَرٌّ لَهُمْ سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مَا بَخِلُوا بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ} " ⦗١٣٧⦘ رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمَدِينِيِّ وَرَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ مَوْقُوفًا وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرْفُوعًا.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever Allah gives wealth and he does not pay its zakah, his wealth will be made into the likeness of a huge serpent with two black spots (over its eyes), and it will become a collar around his neck. Then it will seize him by his jaws and say: 'I am your wealth, I am your treasure.'" Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: "Let not those who are miserly with what Allah has given them of His bounty think that it is better for them; rather, it is evil for them. Soon, on the Day of Resurrection, they will be collared with what they were miserly with." [Surah Al Imran: 180]
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ وَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ وَغَيْرُهُمَا، قَالُوا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، سَمِعَ جَامِعَ بْنَ أَبِي رَاشِدٍ، وَعَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ بْنَ أَعْيَنَ، سَمِعَا أَبَا وَائِلٍ، يُخْبِرُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي زَكَاةَ مَالِهِ إِلَّا مُثِّلَ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ شُجَاعًا أَقْرَعَ يَفِرُّ مِنْهُ وَهُوَ يَتْبَعُهُ حَتَّى يُطَوَّقَهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ " ثُمَّ قَرَأَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ {سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مَا بَخِلُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ}.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "Whoever does not pay the zakah of his wealth, his wealth will be given the form of a speckled serpent on the Day of Resurrection; the owner will flee from it and it will pursue him, until it becomes a collar around his neck." Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse to us: "On the Day of Resurrection they will be collared with what they were miserly with." [Surah Al Imran: 180].
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي وَيَحْيَى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الْهَرَوِيُّ، قَالَا: ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي الشَّوَارِبِ الْأُمَوِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ الْمُخْتَارِ، ثنا سُهَيْلٌ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَا مِنْ صَاحِبِ كَنْزٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي زَكَاتَهُ إِلَّا أُحْمِيَ عَلَيْهِ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ، فَيُجْعَلُ صَفَائِحُ فَيُكْوَى بِهَا جَنْبَاهُ وَجَبِينُهُ حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللهُ بَيْنَ عِبَادِهِ فِي يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ مِمَّا تَعُدُّونَ ثُمَّ يَرَى سَبِيلَهُ إِمَّا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَإِمَّا إِلَى النَّارِ وَمَا مِنْ صَاحِبِ إِبِلٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي زَكَاتَهَا إِلَّا بُطِحَ لَهَا بِقَاعٍ قَرْقَرٍ كَأَوْفَرَ مَا كَانَتْ تَسِيرُ عَلَيْهِ، كُلَّمَا مَضَى أُخْرَاهَا رُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ أُولَاهَا حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللهُ بَيْنَ عِبَادِهِ فِي يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ مِمَّا تَعُدُّونَ ثُمَّ يَرَى سَبِيلَهُ إِمَّا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَإِمَّا إِلَى النَّارِ، وَمَا مِنْ صَاحِبِ غَنَمٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي زَكَاتَهَا إِلَّا بُطِحَ لَهَا بِقَاعٍ قَرْقَرٍ كَأَوْفَرَ مَا كَانَتْ فَتَطَؤُهُ بِأَظْلَافِهَا وَتَنْطَحُهُ بِقُرُونِهَا لَيْسَ فِيهَا عَقْصَاءُ وَلَا جَلْحَاءُ كُلَّمَا مَضَى عَلَيْهِ أُخْرَاهَا رُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ أُولَاهَا حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللهُ بَيْنَ عِبَادِهِ فِي يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ مِمَّا تَعُدُّونَ ثُمَّ يَرَى سَبِيلَهُ إِمَّا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَإِمَّا إِلَى النَّارِ " قَالَ سُهَيْلٌ: فَلَا أَدْرِي أَذَكَرَ الْبَقَرَ أَمْ لَا قَالُوا: فَالْخَيْلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ: " الْخَيْلُ فِي نَوَاصِيهَا الْخَيْرُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ " أَوْ قَالَ " الْخَيْلُ مَعْقُودٌ بِنَوَاصِيهَا الْخَيْرُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ " قَالَ سُهَيْلٌ أَنَا أَشُكُّ " الْخَيْلُ ثَلَاثَةٌ فَهِيَ لِرَجُلٍ أَجْرٌ وَلِرَجُلٍ سِتْرٌ وَعَلَى رَجُلٍ وِزْرٌ، فَأَمَّا الَّذِي هِيَ لَهُ أَجْرٌ فَالرَّجُلُ يَتَّخِذُهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَيُعِدُّهَا لَهُ فَلَا يُغَيِّبُ شَيْئًا فِي بُطُونِهَا إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللهُ لَهُ بِهَا أَجْرًا وَلَوْ رَعَاهَا فِي مَرْجٍ مَا أَكَلَتْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللهُ لَهُ بِهَا أَجْرًا، وَلَوْ سَقَاهَا مِنْ نَهْرٍ كَانَ لَهُ بِكُلِّ قَطْرَةٍ يُغَيِّبُهَا فِي بُطُونِهَا أَجْرٌ حَتَّى ذَكَرَ الْأَجْرَ فِي أَبْوَالِهَا وَأَرْوَاثِهَا، وَلَوِ اسْتَنَّتْ شَرَفًا أَوْ شَرَفَيْنِ كَتَبَ اللهُ لَهُ بِكُلِّ خُطْوَةٍ تَخْطُوهَا أَجْرًا وَأَمَّا الَّذِي هِيَ لَهُ سِتْرٌ فَالرَّجُلُ يَتَّخِذُهَا تَكَرُّمًا وَتَجَمُّلًا، وَلَا يَنْسَى حَقَّ اللهِ فِي ظُهُورِهَا وَبُطُونِهَا فِي عُسْرِهَا وَيُسْرِهَا وَأَمَّا الَّذِي هِيَ ⦗١٣٨⦘ عَلَيْهِ وِزْرٌ فَالَّذِي يَتَّخِذُهَا أَشَرًا وَبَطَرًا وَبَذَخًا وَرِئَاءً لِلنَّاسِ فَذَاكَ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ وِزْرٌ " قَالُوا: فَالْحُمُرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ: " مَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَلَيَّ فِيهَا شَيْئًا إِلَّا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ الْجَامِعَةَ الْفَاذَّةَ {فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ وَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ} [الزلزلة: ٨] "، رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي الشَّوَارِبِ، وَرَوَاهُ حَفْصُ بْنُ مَيْسَرَةَ، وَهِشَامُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَا مِنْ صَاحِبِ ذَهَبٍ أَوْ فِضَّةٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي مِنْهَا حَقَّهَا " فَذَكَرَهُ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْإِبِلَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْبَقَرَ وَالْغَنَمَ.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Any owner of treasure who does not pay its zakah, it will be heated in the fire of Hell and made into plates, and then his sides and his forehead will be branded with them, until Allah judges between His servants on a Day whose length, by your reckoning, is fifty thousand years. Then he will be shown his path, either to Paradise or to Hell. And any owner of camels who does not pay their zakah will be laid down on a level plain, and his camels whose zakah was not paid will be made to pass over him. Whenever the last of them passes, the first will be brought back again, until Allah Almighty judges between His servants on a Day whose length, by your reckoning, is fifty thousand years. Then he will be shown his path, either to Paradise or to Hell. And any owner of sheep who does not pay their zakah will be laid down on a level plain, and the sheep will trample him with their hooves and butt him with their horns; none of them will have twisted horns, nor will any be without horns. Whenever the last of them passes over him, the first will be brought back, until Allah judges between His servants on a Day whose length, by your reckoning, is fifty thousand years. Then he will be shown his path, either to Paradise or to Hell." Suhayl said: I do not remember whether he (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned cattle or not. They said: O Messenger of Allah, what about horses? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "In the forelocks of horses there is goodness until the Day of Resurrection; Allah has tied good and blessing (to them) until the Day of Resurrection," or he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "(Goodness) is tied to the forelocks of horses." And he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Horses are of three kinds: for one man they are a source of reward, for another a cover (screen), and upon another a burden. The one for whom it is a source of reward is the horse that a man dedicates in the way of Allah and keeps ready for it; nothing disappears into its belly but Allah Almighty records a reward for him in return. If he grazes it in a pasture, then for whatever it eats Allah Almighty records a reward for him; and if he waters it from a river, he has a reward for every drop that goes down into its belly, until he said: there is reward even in its urine and dung. And if it gallops over one or two hillocks, he has a reward for every step. As for the one for which it is a cover (shield), that is the horse a person keeps for adornment and dignity, yet he does not forget the right of Allah regarding its back and its belly, in hardship and ease. As for the one for which it is a burden, that is the horse he kept out of pride, arrogance, and showing off; that is the one that will be a burden for him." They said: Then what about donkeys, O Messenger of Allah? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah Almighty has not revealed to me anything about them except this comprehensive verse: 'So whoever does an atom's weight of good will see it, and whoever does an atom's weight of evil will see it.' [Surah al-Zalzalah: 7-8]."
Hafs bin Maysarah and Hisham bin Sa'd said that Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to say: "Any owner of gold or silver who does not pay its due (zakah)," then he mentioned it, then the camels, then cattle and sheep as well.
Hafs bin Maysarah and Hisham bin Sa'd said that Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to say: "Any owner of gold or silver who does not pay its due (zakah)," then he mentioned it, then the camels, then cattle and sheep as well.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمِصْرِيُّ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، ثنا الْفِرْيَابِيُّ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ: " لَاوِي الصَّدَقَةِ مَلْعُونٌ عَلَى لِسَانِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ " لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ سُفْيَانَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ نُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "The one who withholds and delays (paying) charity (zakah) has been declared accursed on the tongue of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) on the Day of Resurrection."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فُورَكٍ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا هِشَامٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ الْعُقَيْلِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " عُرِضَ عَلَيَّ أَوَّلُ ثَلَاثَةٍ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ وَأَوَّلُ ثَلَاثَةٍ يَدْخُلُونَ النَّارَ، فَأَمَّا أَوَّلُ ثَلَاثَةٍ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ فَالشَّهِيدُ وَعَبْدٌ أَدَّى حَقَّ اللهِ وَنَصَحَ لِسَيِّدِهِ، وَفَقِيرٌ مُتَعَفِّفٌ ذُو عِيَالٍ، وَأَمَّا أَوَّلُ ثَلَاثَةٍ يَدْخُلُونَ النَّارَ فَسُلْطَانٌ مُسَلَّطٌ وَذُو ثَرْوَةٍ مِنَ الْمَالِ لَمْ يُعْطِ حَقَّ مَالِهِ وَفَقِيرٌ فَجُورٌ ".
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There were presented to me the first three who will enter Paradise and the first three who will enter Hell. As for the first three to enter Paradise: the martyr; a slave who fulfilled the rights of Allah and was sincere to his master; and a poor man with dependants who refrained from begging. As for the first three to enter Hell: a ruler imposed on the people by force; a wealthy man who did not give the due of his wealth (zakah); and a sinful poor man."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا آدَمُ بْنُ أَبِي إِيَاسٍ، ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: {الْمَاعُونُ} [الماعون: ٧] قَالَ: " الزَّكَاةُ الْمَفْرُوضَةُ " وَهَذَا الْقَوْلُ أَيْضًا رُوِّينَاهُ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ وَهِيَ إِحْدَى الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ وَالْحَسَنِ وَمُجَاهِدٍ.
Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) says concerning the saying of Allah Almighty "al-ma'un" [Surah al-Ma'un: 7]: It means the obligatory zakah. This same view is also reported from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) and Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him).
