السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الجنائز
Book of Funerals
باب: ما يستدل به على أن أكثر الصحابة اجتمعوا على أربع ورأى بعضهم الزيادة منسوخة
Evidence that most of the Companions agreed on four, and some of them considered the addition abrogated
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو حَازِمٍ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْبَغَوِيُّ، بِبَغْدَادَ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْجَعْدِ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيِّبِ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: " كُلُّ ذَلِكَ قَدْ كَانَ أَرْبَعًا وَخَمْسًا فَاجْتَمَعْنَا عَلَى أَرْبَعٍ فِي التَّكْبِيرِ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ ".
Amr bin Murrah said: I heard Sa'id bin al-Musayyib narrating from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: "All of these takbirs used to be said, four as well as five. Then we agreed by consensus on four for the funeral."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أَسِيدُ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ، ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَامِرُ بْنُ شَقِيقٍ الْأَسَدِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، قَالَ: " كَانُوا يُكَبِّرُونَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَبْعًا وَخَمْسًا وَسِتًّا "، أَوْ قَالَ: " أَرْبَعًا "، فَجَمَعَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَخْبَرَ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ بِمَا رَأَى، فَجَمَعَهُمْ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى أَرْبَعِ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ كَأَطْوَلِ الصَّلَاةِ " ⦗٦١⦘ وَرَوَاهُ وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، فَقَالَ: أَرْبَعًا مَكَانَ سِتًّا. وَفِيمَا رَوَى وَكِيعٌ عَنْ مِسْعَرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ إِيَاسٍ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: اجْتَمَعَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ فَأَجْمَعُوا أَنَّ التَّكْبِيرَ عَلَى الْجِنَازَةِ أَرْبَعٌ.
Abu Wa'il said that in the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) seven, five and six takbirs used to be said, or he said: four. So Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) gathered the Companions, and each man reported what he had seen; then Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) united them on four takbirs, like the longest prayer.
Waki' narrated it from Sufyan with 'four' in place of 'six'. And in what Waki' narrated from Mis'ar, from Abd al-Malik bin Iyas al-Shaybani, from Ibrahim: the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gathered in the house of Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), and they agreed that the takbirs over the funeral are four.
Waki' narrated it from Sufyan with 'four' in place of 'six'. And in what Waki' narrated from Mis'ar, from Abd al-Malik bin Iyas al-Shaybani, from Ibrahim: the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gathered in the house of Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), and they agreed that the takbirs over the funeral are four.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو يَعْلَى، ثنا عُقْبَةُ بْنُ مُكْرَمٍ أَبُو مُكْرَمٍ الْهِلَالِيُّ، ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ أَبِي عُمَرَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: " آخِرُ جِنَازَةٍ صَلَّى عَلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَبَّرَ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعًا " تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ النَّضْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَبُو عُمَرَ الْخَزَّازُ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا اللَّفْظُ مِنْ وُجُوهٍ أُخَرَ كُلُّهَا ضَعِيفَةٌ إِلَّا أَنَّ اجْتِمَاعَ أَكْثَرِ الصَّحَابَةِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ عَلَى الْأَرْبَعِ كَالدَّلِيلِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that in the last funeral prayer that he (peace and blessings be upon him) offered, he said four takbirs.
Al-Nadr bin Abd al-Rahman Abu Umar al-Khazzaz is alone in narrating it from Ikrimah, and he is da'if (weak). This wording has been narrated through other routes as well, all of them weak; however, the agreement of most of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) on four is like evidence for it, and Allah knows best.
Al-Nadr bin Abd al-Rahman Abu Umar al-Khazzaz is alone in narrating it from Ikrimah, and he is da'if (weak). This wording has been narrated through other routes as well, all of them weak; however, the agreement of most of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) on four is like evidence for it, and Allah knows best.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَبُو طَاهِرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْمُحَمَّدَ آبَاذِيُّ، أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ، أنبأ يَعْلَى يَعْنِي ابْنَ عُبَيْدٍ الطَّنَافِسِيَّ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبْزَى، قَالَ: " صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى زَيْنَبَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَكَبَّرَ أَرْبَعًا، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ يُدْخِلُهَا قَبْرَهَا، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يُعْجِبُهُ أَنْ يُدْخِلَهَا قَبْرَهَا، فَأَرْسَلْنَ إِلَيْهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُنَّ: يُدْخِلُهَا قَبْرَهَا مَنْ كَانَ يَرَاهَا فِي حَيَاتِهَا قَالَ: صَدَقْنَ ".
Abd al-Rahman bin Abza (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I offered the funeral prayer with Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) over Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he said four takbirs. Then he sent word to the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asking who should place her in her grave, and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) would have liked to place her in her grave himself. So they sent word to Umar (may Allah be pleased with him): the one who used to see her during her lifetime should place her in the grave. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: They have spoken the truth.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ، بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ دَرَسْتَوَيْهِ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، ثنا مِسْعَرٌ، عَنْ عُمَيْرِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ أَبِي يَحْيَى النَّخَعِيِّ، قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى ابْنِ الْمُكَفَّفِ، فَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعًا، ثُمَّ أَتَى قَبْرَهَ، فَقَالَ: " اللهُمَّ عَبْدُكَ وَوَلَدُ عَبْدِكَ نَزَلَ بِكَ وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ، اللهُمَّ وَسِّعْ لَهُ مُدْخَلَهُ، وَاغْفِرْ لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ فَإِنَّا لَا نَعْلَمُ بِهِ إِلَّا خَيْرًا، وَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ ".
Umayr bin Sa'id said: I offered the funeral prayer over Ibn al-Mukaffaf behind Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him), and he said four takbirs. Then he came to his grave and said: 'Allahumma abduka wa waladu abdika nazala bika wa anta khayru manzulin bihi, Allahumma wassi' lahu mudkhalahu waghfir lahu dhanbahu, fa inna la na'lamu bihi illa khayran wa anta a'lamu bihi' (O Allah, this is Your servant and the son of Your servant; he has come to You as a guest, and You are the best of hosts. O Allah, make his grave spacious for him and forgive him his sins; we know nothing of him but good, and You know him better.)
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا آدَمُ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ مِسْعَرِ بْنِ كِدَامٍ، عَنْ ثَابِتِ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ، قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَلَى أُمِّهِ فَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعًا وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ: أَنَّهُ كَبَّرَ عَلَى أُمِّهِ أَرْبَعًا وَمَا حَسَدَهَا خَيْرًا.
Thabit bin Ubayd (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I offered the funeral prayer with Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) over his mother, and he said four takbirs over her. Imam al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said four takbirs over his mother, and he did not grudge her any good.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، ثنا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، ثنا رَزِينُ بَيَّاعُ الرُّمَّانِ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، قَالَ: صَلَّى ابْنُ عُمَرَ عَلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، وَأُمِّهِ أُمِّ كُلْثُومِ بِنْتِ عَلِيٍّ، فَجَعَلَ الرَّجُلَ مِمَّا يَلِي الْإِمَامَ، وَالْمَرْأَةَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ، فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِمَا أَرْبَعًا وَخَلْفَهُ ابْنُ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ، وَالْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا وَمِمَّنْ رُوِّينَا عَنْهُ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ أَنَّهُ كَبَّرَ أَرْبَعًا، عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، وَالْبَرَاءُ بْنُ عَازِبٍ، وَأَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ، وَعُقْبَةُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ.
Al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) offered the funeral prayer over Zayd bin Umar and his mother, Umm Kulthum bint Ali; he placed the man next to the imam and the woman behind him, and said four takbirs over them. Behind him were Ibn al-Hanafiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him), Husayn bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both) and Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both).
It is also reported from the Companions that Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), al-Bara' bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him), Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) said four takbirs.
It is also reported from the Companions that Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), al-Bara' bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him), Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) said four takbirs.
