السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب صلاة الاستسقاء
Book of the Prayer for Rain
باب: الدليل على أن السنة في صلاة الاستسقاء السنة في صلاة العيدين، وأنه يصليها ركعتين كما يصلي في العيدين بلا أذان ولا إقامة في وقت صلاة العيد
Evidence that the Sunnah in the prayer for rain is that of the Eid prayers, and that he prays it as two rak'ahs like the Eid prayers, without adhan or iqamah, at the time of the Eid prayer
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ مِنْ أَصْلِ سَمَاعِهِ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْقَطَّانُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ السُّلَمِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أنبأ مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ قَالَ: " خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالنَّاسِ يَسْتَسْقِي، فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ، جَهَرَ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فِيهِمَا، وَحَوَّلَ رِدَاءَهُ، وَاسْتَسْقَى، وَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ ". زَادَ غَيْرُهُ فِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ: " وَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ يَدْعُو، فَدَعَا وَاسْتَسْقَى ".
Abbad bin Tamim narrates from his uncle (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went out with the people to seek rain. He (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed two rak'ahs, reciting aloud in them, turned his cloak around, asked for rain, and faced the qiblah. Someone other than him added, narrating from Abd al-Razzaq: And he (peace and blessings be upon him) supplicated with his hands raised and asked Allah Almighty for rain.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِزِيَادَتِهِ.
Abd al-Razzaq narrated the hadith to us, and he mentioned this hadith with some addition.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ الْقَزَّازُ، ثنا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ، ثنا أَبِي قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النُّعْمَانَ هُوَ ابْنُ رَاشِدٍ يُحَدِّثُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: " خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمًا يَسْتَسْقِي، فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ بِلَا أَذَانٍ وَلَا إِقَامَةٍ، ثُمَّ خَطَبَنَا، فَدَعَا اللهَ، وَحَوَّلَ وَجْهَهُ نَحْوَ الْقِبْلَةِ رَافِعًا يَدَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَلْبَ رِدَاءَهُ، فَجَعَلَ الْأَيْمَنَ عَلَى الْأَيْسَرِ وَالْأَيْسَرَ عَلَى الْأَيْمَنِ ". تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ النُّعْمَانُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ.
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: One day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went out to seek (rain) water, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) led two rak'ahs without adhan or iqamah. Then he addressed us, supplicated to Allah Almighty, and turned his face towards the qiblah with his hands raised. Then he turned his cloak around, putting the right side onto the left and the left side onto the right.
Al-Nu'man bin Rashid alone narrated it from al-Zuhri.
Al-Nu'man bin Rashid alone narrated it from al-Zuhri.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ كَامِلُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمُسْتَمْلِي، أنبأ أَبُو سَهْلٍ بِشْرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمِهْرَجَانِيُّ، ثنا دَاوُدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أنبأ حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ح، وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى، ثنا حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ كِنَانَةَ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي، وَسَمِعْتُهُ يُحَدِّثُ قَالَ: أَرْسَلَنِي الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ، وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَمِيرُ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ صَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ، فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ: إِنَّا تَمَارَيْنَا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فِي صَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ، فَقَالَ: لَا، وَلَكِنْ أَرْسَلَكَ ابْنُ أَخِيكَ، وَلَوْ أَنَّهُ أَرْسَلَ فَسَأَلَ، مَا كَانَ بِذَاكَ بَأْسٌ، ثُمَّ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: " خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُتَبَذِّلًا، مُتَوَاضِعًا، مُتَضَرِّعًا، حَتَّى جَلَسَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ، فَلَمْ يَخْطُبْ كَخُطْبَتِكُمْ هَذِهِ، وَلَكِنْ لَمْ يَزَلْ فِي الدُّعَاءِ، وَالتَّضَرُّعِ، وَالتَّكْبِيرِ، وَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ كَمَا كَانَ يُصَلِّي فِي الْعِيدِ ". لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُوسَى، وَحَدِيثُ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى بِمَعْنَاهُ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّ: الصَّوَابُ ابْنُ عُتْبَةَ، قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ يُوهِمُ أَنَّ دُعَاءَهُ كَانَ قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ، وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ.
Hisham bin Ishaq bin Abdullah bin Kinanah narrated to us; he said: My father informed me, and I heard him narrating; he said: Al-Walid bin Uqbah (who was the governor of Madinah at that time) sent me to Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) to ask him about the manner of the Messenger of Allah's (peace and blessings be upon him) rain prayer (salat al-istisqa'). So I came to him and said: We have disputed in the mosque about his (peace and blessings be upon him) rain prayer. He said: "No; rather, your nephew has sent you. If he has sent you, he has asked about something in which there is no harm." Then Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "He (peace and blessings be upon him) went out wearing plain clothes, humble and lowly, and imploring, until he (peace and blessings be upon him) sat on the pulpit. He did not deliver a sermon like this sermon of yours; rather, he (peace and blessings be upon him) kept supplicating, imploring and proclaiming the greatness of Allah Almighty, and he led two rak'ahs just as he used to lead them at Eid."
These are the words of the hadith of Ibrahim bin Musa, and the hadith of Yahya bin Yahya conveys the same meaning, except that he said: al-Walid bin Utbah. Abu Dawud al-Sijistani said: The correct (name) is Ibn Utbah.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This hadith gives the impression that his (peace and blessings be upon him) supplication was before the prayer, and Sufyan al-Thawri (may Allah have mercy on him) also narrated it.
These are the words of the hadith of Ibrahim bin Musa, and the hadith of Yahya bin Yahya conveys the same meaning, except that he said: al-Walid bin Utbah. Abu Dawud al-Sijistani said: The correct (name) is Ibn Utbah.
The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) said: This hadith gives the impression that his (peace and blessings be upon him) supplication was before the prayer, and Sufyan al-Thawri (may Allah have mercy on him) also narrated it.
كَمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ، أنبأ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ اللَّخْمِيُّ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، ثنا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ كِنَانَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: أَرْسَلَنِي أَمِيرٌ مِنَ الْأُمَرَاءِ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ، فَقَالَ: مَنْ أَرْسَلَكَ؟ قُلْتُ: فُلَانٌ قَالَ: مَا مَنَعَهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَنِي فَيَسْأَلَنِي؟ " خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُتَوَاضِعًا، مُتَضَرِّعًا، مُتَذَلِّلًا، فَلَمْ يَخْطُبْ خُطْبَتَكُمْ هَذِهِ، وَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ كَمَا يُصَلِّي فِي الْعِيدِ ". قَالَ سُفْيَانُ: قُلْتُ لِلشَّيْخِ: الْخُطْبَةُ قَبْلَ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ أَوْ بَعْدَهَا قَالَ: لَا أَدْرِي. فَهَذَا يَدُلُّ ⦗٤٨٥⦘ عَلَى أَنَّ هِشَامًا كَانَ لَا يَحْفَظُهُ، وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ هِشَامٍ عَنْ جَدِّهِ مُحَالًا بِهَا عَلَى صَلَاةِ الْعِيدَيْنِ.
Hisham bin Ishaq bin Abdullah narrates that his father said: One of the governors sent me to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) to ask him about the rain prayer (salat al-istisqa'). Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Who sent you? I said: So-and-so. He said: What prevented him from coming to me and asking me? Then Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) went out humbly and imploring, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not deliver a sermon like this sermon of yours, and he led two rak'ahs just as he used to lead them at Eid.
Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I said to the Shaykh: Was the sermon before the two rak'ahs or after them? He said: I do not know. This indicates that Hisham had not retained it, and Isma'il bin Rabi'ah bin Hisham narrated it from his grandfather, referring it to the prayer of the two Eids.
Sufyan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I said to the Shaykh: Was the sermon before the two rak'ahs or after them? He said: I do not know. This indicates that Hisham had not retained it, and Isma'il bin Rabi'ah bin Hisham narrated it from his grandfather, referring it to the prayer of the two Eids.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدُّورِيُّ، ثنا سَهْلُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ السُّكَّرِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ هِشَامِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: " خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ اسْتَسْقَى مُتَخَشِّعًا مُتَذَلِّلًا، كَمَا يَصْنَعُ فِي الْعِيدَيْنِ ". وَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ التِّنِّيسِيُّ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بِمَعْنَاهُ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went out, when he sought rain, in humility, submissiveness and lowliness, just as he (peace and blessings be upon him) used to do at the two Eids. Abdullah bin Yusuf al-Tinnisi (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated it from Isma'il bin Rabi'ah (may Allah have mercy on him) with the same meaning.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَمْشَاذٍ الْعَدْلُ، ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ السَّدُوسِيُّ، ثنا سَهْلُ بْنُ بَكَّارٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ قَالَ: أَرْسَلَنِي مَرْوَانُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ سُنَّةِ الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ، فَقَالَ: " سُنَّةُ الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ سَنَةُ الصَّلَاةِ فِي الْعِيدَيْنِ، إِلَّا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَلَبُ رِدَاءَهُ، فَجَعَلَ يَمِينَهُ عَلَى يَسَارِهِ وَيَسَارَهُ عَلَى يَمِينِهِ، وَصَلَّى الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ، فَكَبَّرَ فِي الْأُولَى بِسَبْعِ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ، وَقَرَأَ بِـ سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الْأَعْلَى، وَقَرَأَ فِي الثَّانِيَةِ هَلْ أَتَاكَ حَدِيثُ الْغَاشِيَةِ، وَكَبَّرَ فِيهَا خَمْسَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ ".
It is narrated from Talhah (may Allah have mercy on him): Marwan sent me to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) to ask him about the manner of seeking rain. He said: The manner of the rain prayer is the same as that of the prayer of the two Eids, except that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) turned his cloak around (reversed it), putting the right side onto the left and the left side onto the right, and prayed two rak'ahs. In the first rak'ah he (peace and blessings be upon him) said seven takbirs and recited the surah 'Glorify the name of your Lord, the Most High' [Surah al-A'la: 1], and in the second rak'ah he recited 'Has there come to you the report of the Overwhelming (Event)?' [Surah al-Ghashiyah: 1] and said five takbirs in it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ، أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ حَيَّانَ أَبُو الشَّيْخِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبْدِ الْخَالِقِ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَبِيبِ بْنِ عَرَبِيٍّ، ثنا رَوْحُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ السُّنَّةِ فِي الِاسْتِسْقَاءِ، فَقَالَ: " مِثْلُ السُّنَّةِ فِي الْعِيدَيْنِ، خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَسْتَسْقِي، فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ بِغَيْرِ أَذَانٍ وَلَا إِقَامَةٍ، وَكَبَّرَ فِيهِمَا ثِنْتَيْ عَشْرَةَ تَكْبِيرَةً: سَبْعًا فِي الْأُولَى، وَخَمْسًا فِي الْآخِرَةِ، وَجَهَرَ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ، فَخَطَبَ وَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ، وَحَوَّلَ رِدَاءَهُ، ثُمَّ اسْتَسْقَى ". مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ هَذَا غَيْرُ قَوِيٍّ، وَهُوَ بِمَا قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الشَّوَاهِدِ يَقْوَى.
It is narrated from Talhah bin Abdullah bin Awf (may Allah have mercy on him): I asked Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) about the manner of the rain prayer, and he said: "It is like the manner of Eid. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went out seeking rain. He (peace and blessings be upon him) led two rak'ahs without adhan or iqamah and said twelve (12) takbirs in them, seven in the first and five in the second, and recited aloud. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away and delivered a sermon. Then he faced the qiblah, turned his cloak around, and supplicated for rain."
This Muhammad bin Abd al-Aziz is not strong, but he is strengthened by the supporting reports before it.
This Muhammad bin Abd al-Aziz is not strong, but he is strengthened by the supporting reports before it.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أنبأ أَبُو عَمْرٍو عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ السَّمَّاكِ، ثنا حَنْبَلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ يَعْنِي: أَحْمَدَ بْنَ حَنْبَلٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ: خَرَجَ يَسْتَسْقِي بِالنَّاسِ، فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ اسْتَسْقَى، فَلَقِيتُ يَوْمَئِذٍ زَيْدَ بْنَ أَرْقَمَ، وَلَيْسَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ غَيْرُ رَجُلٍ أَوْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ رَجُلٌ، قُلْتُ: كَمْ غَزَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ قَالَ: " ⦗٤٨٦⦘ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ غَزْوَةً "، قُلْتُ: كَمْ غَزَوْتَ أَنْتَ مَعَهُ؟ قَالَ: سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ، قُلْتُ: فَمَا أَوَّلُ غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا؟ قَالَ: ذَاتُ الْعُسَيْرَةِ أَوْ ذَاتِ الْعُشَيْرَةِ ".
Abu Ishaq narrates that Abdullah bin Yazid al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) went out with the people to supplicate for rain. He led two rak'ahs, then supplicated for rain. On that day I met Zayd bin Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him); there was only one man between me and him, or he said: between me and him there was a man. I said: How many military expeditions did he (peace and blessings be upon him) undertake? He said: Nineteen expeditions. Then I said: How many expeditions did you undertake with him (peace and blessings be upon him)? He said: Seventeen. Then I said: Which was the first expedition that he (peace and blessings be upon him) fought? He said: Dhat al-'Usayrah, or he said: Dhat al-'Ushayrah.
