السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب صلاة الخوف
Book of the Fear Prayer
باب: كيفية صلاة شدة الخوف
How to pray when fear is intense
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أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَدِيبُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ صَاعِدٍ، ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ثنا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَالَ: " إِذَا اخْتَلَطُوا فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ التَّكْبِيرُ وَالْإِشَارَةُ بِالرَّأْسِ ".
Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When they become intermingled (in battle), they should say the takbir and keep gesturing with the head.
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنِي الْهَيْثَمُ بْنُ خَلَفٍ الدُّورِيُّ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْأُمَوِيُّ، ثنا أَبِي، ثنا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ نَحْوًا مِنْ قَوْلِ مُجَاهِدٍ: " إِذَا اخْتَلَطُوا فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ الذِّكْرُ وَإِشَارَةٌ بِالرَّأْسِ، وَزَادَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " وَإِنْ كَانُوا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلْيُصَلُّوا قِيَامًا وَرُكْبَانًا ". رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ.
Nafi' narrates from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) something similar to the saying of Mujahid: When they become intermingled, they should make remembrance (dhikr) and gesture with the head. Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If they are more than that, then they should pray standing and riding."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ، أنبأ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ ⦗٣٦٤⦘ عُمَرَ كَانَ إِذَا سُئِلَ عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْخَوْفِ قَالَ: " يَتَقَدَّمُ الْإِمَامُ وَطَائِفَةٌ "، ثُمَّ قَصَّ الْحَدِيثَ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ: " فَإِنْ كَانَ خَوْفًا أَشَدَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ صَلُّوا رِجَالًا وَرُكْبَانًا مُسْتَقْبِلِي الْقِبْلَةَ وَغَيْرَ مُسْتَقْبِلِيهَا ". قَالَ مَالِكٌ: قَالَ نَافِعٌ: لَا أَرَى عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) was asked about the fear prayer, he would say: The imam goes forward along with a group; then he narrated the hadith. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "If the fear is more severe, then pray standing or riding, whether facing the qiblah or not." Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: In my view, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated this only from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ، أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْعَبْدِيُّ ثنا النُّفَيْلِيُّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أُنَيْسٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أُنَيْسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: دَعَانِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: " إِنَّهُ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ ابْنَ نُبَيْحٍ الْهُذَلِيَّ يَجْمَعُ النَّاسَ لِيَغْزُوَنِي، وَهُوَ بِنَخْلَةٍ أَوْ بِعُرَنَةَ، فَأْتِهِ فَاقْتُلْهُ "، قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ انْعَتْهُ لِي حَتَّى أَعْرِفَهُ. قَالَ: " آيَةُ مَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُ أَنَّكَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَهُ وَجَدْتَ لَهُ قُشَعْرِيرَةً "، قَالَ: فَخَرَجْتُ مُتَوَشِّحًا بِسَيْفِي حَتَّى دُفِعْتُ إِلَيْهِ فِي ظُعُنٍ يَرْتَادُ بِهِنَّ مَنْزِلًا، حَتَّى كَانَ وَقْتُ الْعَصْرِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُ وَجَدْتُ لَهُ مَا وَصَفَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْقُشَعْرِيرَةِ، فَأَقْبَلْتُ نَحْوَهُ وَخَشِيتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ مُجَادَلَةٌ تَشْغَلُنِي عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَصَلَّيْتُ وَأَنَا أَمْشِي نَحْوَهُ أُومِئُ بِرَأْسِي إِيمَاءً، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ: مَنِ الرَّجُلُ؟ قُلْتُ: رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ سَمِعَ بِكَ وَبِجَمْعِكَ لِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ فَجَاءَ لِذَلِكَ، قَالَ: أَجَلْ، نَحْنُ فِي ذَلِكَ، قَالَ: فَمَشَيْتُ مَعَهُ شَيْئًا، حَتَّى إِذَا أَمْكَنَنِي حَمَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَتَلْتُهُ، ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ وَتَرَكْتُ ظَعَايِنَهُ مُكِبَّاتٍ عَلَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " أَفْلَحَ الْوَجْهُ "؟ قُلْتُ: قَدْ قَتَلْتُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، قَالَ: " صَدَقْتَ " ثُمَّ قَامَ بِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَخَلَ بَيْتَهُ فَأَعْطَانِي عَصًا، فَقَالَ: " امْسِكْ هَذِهِ عِنْدَكَ يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أُنَيْسٍ "، فَخَرَجْتُ بِهَا عَلَى النَّاسِ، فَقَالُوا: مَا هَذِهِ الْعَصَا مَعَكَ يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أُنَيْسٍ؟ قُلْتُ: أَعْطَانِيهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَمْسِكَهَا عِنْدِي، قَالُوا: أَفَلَا تَرْجِعْ إِلَيْهِ فَتَسْأَلْهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، قَالَ: فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لِمَ أَعْطَيْتَنِي هَذِهِ الْعَصَا؟ قَالَ: " آيَةُ مَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَإِنَّ أَقَلَّ النَّاسِ الْمُتَخَصِّرُونَ يَوْمَئِذٍ ". قَالَ: فَقَرَنَهَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُنَيْسٍ بِسَيْفِهِ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ مَعَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا مَاتَ أَمَرَ بِهَا فَضُمَّتْ مَعَهُ فِي كَفَنِهِ فَدُفِنَا جَمِيعًا. وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَعَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Unays (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called me and said: "News has reached me that Ibn Nubayh al-Hudhali is gathering people to make war on me. He is at a place called Nakhlah or Uranah; go and kill him." I said: O Messenger of Allah, describe him to me so that I may recognise him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Your sign is that when you see him, you will feel a shiver because of him." So I set out with my sword slung over my shoulder until I reached him; he was with women in their howdahs, looking for a place to camp for them. By then the time of Asr had come. When I saw him, I found in myself what the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had described to me. I turned towards him, and I feared that there would be a fight between him and me that would keep me from the prayer. So I prayed by gestures while walking towards him. When I reached him, he said: Who are you? I said: A man of the Arabs; I have heard about you, that you are gathering (people) against this man (that is, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)), and I have come for that purpose. He said: Yes. I walked with him for a while, and when I got the chance I attacked him with the sword and killed him. Then I left, and his women were bent over him. When I returned to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The face has succeeded." I said: O Messenger of Allah, I have killed him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "You have spoken the truth." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up with me, took me into his house and gave me a staff, and said: "O Abdullah bin Unays, keep this with you." I told the people that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had given me this staff and said: "Keep this with you." They said: Go back to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and ask him about it. So I went back and asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about the staff: why had he (peace and blessings be upon him) given it to me? He said: "It will be a sign between me and you on the Day of Resurrection, for on that day those who lean on staffs will be very few." Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Unays (may Allah be pleased with him) attached it to his sword. It always remained with him, and when he died it was placed with his shroud and buried along with him.
