السنن الكبرى للبيهقي
Sunan al-Kubra al-Bayhaqi
كتاب الصلاة
Book of Prayer
جماع أبواب الخشوع في الصلاة والإقبال عليها
s on humility in prayer and devoting oneself to it
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قَالَ اللهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ {قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ}.
Allah, exalted be His praise, says: "Successful indeed are the believers, those who humble themselves in their prayers." [Surah al-Mu'minun: 1-2]
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ حَلِيمٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو الْمُوَجِّهِ، أنبأ عَبْدَانُ، أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ، أنبأ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ الْمَسْعُودِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سِنَانٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ} [المؤمنون: ٢] قَالَ: " الْخُشُوعُ فِي الْقَلْبِ وَأَنْ تُلِينَ كَتِفَكَ لِلْمَرْءِ الْمُسْلِمِ وَأَنْ لَا تَلْتَفِتَ فِي صَلَاتِكَ ".
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) that regarding the saying of Allah Almighty, "Those who humble themselves in their prayers" [Surah al-Mu'minun: 2], khushu' (humility) means that which is in the heart, and that the Muslim keeps his shoulders gentle and does not look around in his prayer.
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ بَالَوَيْهِ وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَا: ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، ثنا مُعَاوِيَةُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ يَعْنِي ابْنَ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِدْرِيسَ الْخَوْلَانِيِّ قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنِيهِ أَبُو عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ قَالَ: كَانَتْ عَلَيْنَا رِعَايَةُ الْإِبِلِ فَحَانَتْ نَوْبَتِي فَرَوَّحْتُهَا بِعَشِيٍّ فَأَدْرَكْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَائِمًا يُحَدِّثُ النَّاسَ فَأَدْرَكْتُ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ: " مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يَتَوَضَّأُ فَيُحْسِنُ الْوُضُوءَ ثُمَّ يَقُومُ فَيُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ يُقْبِلُ عَلَيْهِمَا بِقَلْبِهِ وَوَجْهِهِ إِلَّا وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ " فَقُلْتُ: مَا أَجْوَدَ هَذِهِ، فَإِذَا قَائِلٌ بَيْنَ يَدِيَّ يَقُولُ: الَّتِي قَبْلَهَا أَجْوَدُ، فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: إِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُكَ جِئْتَ آنِفًا قَالَ: " مَا مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَتَوَضَّأُ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ إِلَّا فُتِحَتْ لَهُ أَبْوَابُ الْجَنَّةِ الثَّمَانِيَةُ يَدْخُلُ مِنْ أَيِّهَا شَاءَ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَقَالَ: عَنْ أَبِي إِدْرِيسَ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عُثْمَانَ وَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ وَقَدْ مَضَى فِي كِتَابِ الطَّهَارَةِ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ تَوَضَّأَ: " مَنْ تَوَضَّأَ نَحْوَ وُضُوئِي هَذَا ثُمَّ قَامَ فَرَكَعَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ لَا يُحَدِّثُ فِيهِمَا نَفْسَهُ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ ".
Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: We had the duty of tending the camels. One day my turn came, and as I was bringing them back in the evening, I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) speaking to the people. He (peace and blessings be upon him) was saying: "Any Muslim who performs ablution well, then prays two rak'ahs, keeping his heart fully attentive in them, Paradise becomes obligatory for him." I said: How excellent this is! Suddenly someone said: What he said before this was even better. I looked, and it was Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: I saw that you have only just come. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever among you performs ablution and then says: 'Ashhadu an la ilaha illallah wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluhu' (I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the servant of Allah and His Messenger), the eight gates of Paradise are opened for him, and he may enter through whichever of them he wishes."
(b) The narration of Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) has already passed in the Book of Purification, which he narrates from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) concerning ablution, that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever performs ablution like this ablution of mine, then prays two rak'ahs without talking to himself in them, his past sins will be forgiven."
(b) The narration of Sayyiduna Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) has already passed in the Book of Purification, which he narrates from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) concerning ablution, that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever performs ablution like this ablution of mine, then prays two rak'ahs without talking to himself in them, his past sins will be forgiven."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ بْنُ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ الْعَلَوِيُّ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرِ بْنُ دُحَيْمٍ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، أنبأ وَكِيعٌ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنِ ⦗٣٩٨⦘ الْمُسَيَّبِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ، عَنْ تَمِيمِ بْنِ طَرَفَةَ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ قَالَ: رَآنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَنَحْنُ رَافِعِي أَيْدِينَا فِي الصَّلَاةِ، فَقَالَ: " اسْكُنُوا فِي الصَّلَاةِ ".
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saw us raising our hands in prayer and said: "Be still in prayer."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ثنا وَكِيعٌ، فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ: دَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَنَحْنُ رَافِعِي أَيْدِينَا فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ: " مَا لِيَ أَرَاكُمْ رَافِعِي أَيْدِيكُمْ كَأَنَّهَا أَذْنَابُ خَيْلٍ شُمْسٍ اسْكُنُوا فِي الصَّلَاةِ " رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ، عَنِ الْأَشَجِّ، عَنْ وَكِيعٍ.
Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to us while we were raising our hands in prayer. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Why do I see you raising your hands like the tails of restless horses? Be still in prayer."
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الدُّورِيُّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ، ثنا فُضَيْلُ بْنُ عِيَاضٍ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَالَ: كَانَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِذَا قَامَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ كَأَنَّهُ عُودٌ وَحَدَّثَ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ كَانَ كَذَلِكَ قَالَ: وَكَانَ يُقَالُ: ذَاكَ الْخُشُوعُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قَارُّوا فِي الصَّلَاةِ، يَعْنِي اسْكُنُوا فِيهَا.
(a) Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that when Sayyiduna Ibn al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with them both) stood in prayer, he would become as though he were a piece of wood, and he would say that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) also used to do the same, and this is what is called humility and submissiveness in prayer.
(b) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): Be settled in prayer, that is, stand still with tranquillity in prayer.
(b) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): Be settled in prayer, that is, stand still with tranquillity in prayer.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا أُسَيْدُ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ، ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي الْأَعْمَشُ، عَنْ أَبِي الضُّحَى، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ قَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ: " قَارُّوا فِي الصَّلَاةِ ".
It is narrated from Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) that Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Be settled and at ease in prayer.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا: ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، ثنا هَارُونُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، {الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ} [المؤمنون: ٢] قَالَ: " السُّكُونُ فِيهَا ".
It is reported from Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding "Those who humble themselves in their prayers" [Surah al-Mu'minun: 2] that khushu' means stillness in prayer.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، أنبأ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ: {" الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ "} [المؤمنون: ٢] قَالَ: " خَائِفُونَ ".
Hasan al-Basri (may Allah have mercy on him) says that in "Those who humble themselves in their prayers" [Surah al-Mu'minun: 2], "khashi'un" means those who fear.
وَبِإِسْنَادِهِ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، فِي قَوْلِهِ {الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ} [المؤمنون: ٢] قَالَ: الْخُشُوعُ فِي الْقَلْبِ، وَإِلْبَادُ الْبَصَرِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ.
It is reported from Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding the saying of Allah Almighty, "Those who humble themselves in their prayers" [Surah al-Mu'minun: 2], that it means humility in the heart and keeping the gaze lowered.
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي الْمَعْرُوفِ الْفَقِيهُ الْمِهْرَجَانِيُّ بِهَا أنبأ أَبُو عَمْرٍو إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ نُجَيْدٍ السُّلَمِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ، ثنا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَجْلَانَ، عَنِ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَنَمَةَ، أَنَّ عَمَّارَ بْنَ يَاسِرٍ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَصَلَّى صَلَاةً فَأَخَفَّهَا، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا الْيَقْظَانِ إِنَّكَ خَفَّفْتَ فَقَالَ: هَلْ رَأَيْتَنِي انْتَقَصْتُ مِنْ ⦗٣٩٩⦘ حُدُودِهَا شَيْئًا؟ إِنِّي بَادَرْتُ بِهَا سَهْوَةَ الشَّيْطَانِ، إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: " إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لِيُصَلِّي الصَّلَاةَ مَا لَهُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا عُشْرُهَا تُسْعُهَا ثُمْنُهَا سُبُعُهَا سُدْسُهَا خُمُسُهَا رُبُعُهَا ثُلُثُهَا نِصْفُهَا " هَكَذَا رَوَاهُ ابْنُ عَجْلَانَ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ وَرَوَاهُ عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ عَمَّارَ بْنَ يَاسِرٍ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ: يَا أَبَا الْيَقْظَانِ أَرَاكَ قَدْ خَفَّفْتَهَا وَرَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ ثَوْبَانَ عَنْ أَبِي لَاسٍ الْخُزَاعِيِّ قَالَ: دَخَلَ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فَذَكَرَهُ وَرَوَاهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي هِلَالٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ أَبِي الْيَسَرِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " مِنْكُمْ مَنْ يُصَلِّي الصَّلَاةَ كَامِلَةً، وَمِنْكُمْ مَنْ يُصَلِّي النِّصْفَ وَالثُّلُثَ وَالرُّبُعَ وَالْخُمُسَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ الْعُشْرَ "، رَوَاهُ خَالِدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي هِلَالٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ لِيُصَلِّي فَمَا يُكْتَبُ لَهُ إِلَّا عُشْرُ صَلَاتِهِ، وَالتُّسْعُ وَالثُّمُنُ وَالسُّبْعُ حَتَّى يُكْتَبَ لَهُ صَلَاتُهُ تَامَّةً ".
Abdullah bin Anamah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Sayyiduna Ammar bin Yasir (may Allah be pleased with him) came into the mosque and offered a brief prayer. I said: O Abu al-Yaqzan, you prayed very briefly. He said: Did you see me fall short in anything of the prayer? The reason I hurried was so that Satan would not make me forgetful in the prayer. I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "A man finishes his prayer and there is written for him a tenth of the prayer's reward, a ninth, an eighth, a seventh, a sixth, a fifth, a quarter, a third, and sometimes a half."
(b) Umar bin Abi Bakr bin Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that Ammar bin Yasir (may Allah be pleased with him) prayed two rak'ahs, and Abd al-Rahman bin al-Harith (may Allah have mercy on him) said: O Abu al-Yaqzan, I think you have made the prayer brief.
(c) Abu al-Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Among you is one who prays the complete prayer, and one who prays half of it, one a third, one a quarter, and one a fifth," until he mentioned even the tenth part.
(d) Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A servant prays, and there is written for him a tenth of his prayer, a ninth, an eighth, a seventh part, and for some the complete reward of his prayer is written."
(b) Umar bin Abi Bakr bin Abd al-Rahman (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that Ammar bin Yasir (may Allah be pleased with him) prayed two rak'ahs, and Abd al-Rahman bin al-Harith (may Allah have mercy on him) said: O Abu al-Yaqzan, I think you have made the prayer brief.
(c) Abu al-Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Among you is one who prays the complete prayer, and one who prays half of it, one a third, one a quarter, and one a fifth," until he mentioned even the tenth part.
(d) Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A servant prays, and there is written for him a tenth of his prayer, a ninth, an eighth, a seventh part, and for some the complete reward of his prayer is written."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ، أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ التَّاجِرُ ثنا أَبُو حَاتِمٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ قَالَ: وَثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، قَالَا: ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ قَالَ: " نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَسْتَوْفِزَ الرَّجُلُ فِي صَلَاتِهِ ".
Sayyiduna Samurah bin Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade sitting restlessly in prayer.
